黑苦荞醋软胶囊的研究

简述了以黑苦荞“黑丰1号”浓缩醋为主料,配以燕麦油、卵磷脂等辅料,采用乳化、定量压注和包封等现代工艺精制而成的醋软胶囊产品。该产品不含任何有害物质,属于完全无污染功能性食品。     

The Differential Scheme of Pricing for American Put Options

Based on the differential scheme,presents a numerical method of pricing for American put options.Firstly,the partial differential equation satisfied by the option price is transformed into a series of differential equations.Then,these differential equations are solved by the iterative method.The numerical method includes the implicit finite difference method and the explicit finite difference method and these two methods are compared.Finally,a numerical example is given and the validity of the algorithm is checked by a series of experiments.Some useful results are obtained for its application in the option markets.     

Digestion coefficients achieved by the black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis), a large browsing hindgut fermenter

In contrast to the grazing white (C. simum) and Indian (R. unicornis) rhinoceros, the black rhinoceros (D. bicornis) is an exclusive browser. Due to the particular fermentation characteristics of browse, one would expect browsers to display both shorter ingesta retention times and lower digestion coefficients on comparable diets than grazers. In order to generate a database to test this hypothesis, we performed digestibility studies in eight black rhinoceroses (D. bicornis) from three zoological institutions, using total faecal collection for the quantification of faecal output. One to three regularly fed zoo rations of roughage, concentrates and varying proportions of browse material were used per animal. Additional data was taken from three hitherto unpublished studies as well as several published sources. When compared with horses on similar rations, black rhinoceroses achieved lower digestion coefficients for organic matter and CF. In general, an increase in dietary CF content led to a steeper decrease in organic matter and GE digestibility in black rhinoceroses than in horses. When comparing available data for rhinoceroses, browsing species showed a steeper decrease in organic matter digestibility than grazing species with increasing dietary cell wall content. Endogenous losses as determined by linear regression analysis were within the range reported for horses and Indian rhinoceroses. The results suggest that the horse is not a useful model animal for evaluating diets for black rhinoceroses energetically. In general, diets fed to captive black rhinoceroses seem to include higher proportions of concentrates than diets for other rhinoceros species, and an increase in browse or roughage would reduce digestion coefficients to levels observed in animals fed natural forage.     

呼伦贝尔市岭东黑土区耕地土壤肥力的演化

本研究结合全国耕地地力调查与质量评价项目的实施,利用“3S”技术对呼伦贝尔市岭东黑土区的68.11万公顷耕地进行了系统调查。根据1980～1982年全国第二次土壤普查927个土壤农化样点,与2002～2003年全国耕地地力调查与质量评价项目的1007个农化样点的同位对比资料,对该地区土壤的肥力现状进行了系统的分析。结果表明,该地区的耕地土壤肥力退化明显,其中土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮和速效钾下降幅度较大,20年间分别下降了15.52g/kg、0.813.g/kg、27.7.mg/kg、64.3.mg/kg,下降幅度分别为25.38%、26.3%、12.93%和27.35%。只有土壤速效磷表现明显上升趋势,增长幅度达105.83%,这与多年大量施用磷肥有关,说明人类的生产活动对土壤肥力的变化有重大影响,通过合理有效地补充土壤养分是能够调节土壤养分平衡的。     

美系獭兔和苏Ⅰ系粗毛型长毛兔的遗传多样性分析

采用15个微卫星标记,对关系獭免和苏Ⅰ系粗毛型长毛兔进行了遗传多样性分析。结果显示：在美系獭兔和苏Ⅰ系粗毛型长毛兔群体中,15个微卫星座位均表现出较好的多态性。关系獭兔的平均等位基因数和有效等位基因数分别为4．6000±1．0556和3．5520±0．9703个．群体期望杂合度和多态信息含量平均值分别为0．7067±0．1030和0．6501±0．1050,群体内近交系数平均值为-0．2580＋0．0033：苏Ⅰ系粗毛型长毛免的平均等位基因数和有效等位基因数分别为5．1333±1．2459和3．7506±0．8081个,群体期望杂合度和多态信息含量平均值分别为0．7270±0．0709和0．6750±0．0824．群体内近交系数平均值为-0．2300±0．003。表明两个家兔群体的微卫星座位有丰富的遗传多样性。     

不同水氮管理模式下黑土稻田碳固定与碳减排效应分析

为探寻不同水氮管理模式对黑土稻田碳固定与碳减排效应的影响,进行了田间试验研究。设置常规淹灌(F)与控制灌溉(C)两种灌溉模式,选用110 kg/hm²(N)、99 kg/hm²(N1,减氮10%)、88 kg/hm²(N2,减氮20%)3种施氮量,测定了6种水氮管理模式下的水稻土壤呼吸CO₂排放强度和CH₄排放强度,水稻收获后各器官干物质量、碳含量及固碳量,并计算了净土壤碳收支情况。结果表明,不同水氮管理模式下,各处理土壤呼吸CO₂排放量呈现单峰值变化,并在分蘖期达到峰值;各处理甲烷排放量呈现双峰值变化且在分蘖期与穗肥施入后达到峰值。相同灌溉方式下,随着施氮量的减少,土壤呼吸CO₂排放强度与甲烷排放强度也显著减少(P<0.05)。相同施氮量下,控制灌溉相比常规淹灌有效地降低了甲烷排放强度,但提高了土壤呼吸CO₂排放强度。不同水氮管理模式下,水稻收获后总固碳量为319.37～489.00 g/m^2<...     

梨小食心虫在桃树和核桃间转移规律初步研究

为了掌握梨小食心虫Grapholita molesta在新疆和田县桃园和核桃园间的转移为害和种群动态变化规律, 以期确定核桃园内梨小食心虫的最佳防治时间, 同时在桃园和核桃园设立监测点, 通过对梨小食心虫在桃园和核桃园间的发生动态监测以及在核桃园内产卵情况和蛀果率调查, 明确了梨小食心虫在桃园和核桃园间的转移规律。研究发现梨小食心虫在和田县桃园1年发生5代, 越冬代成虫于3月下旬开始出现, 各代高峰期分别在4月上旬、5月中旬、6月下旬至7月上旬、7月下旬至8月上旬、9月上旬, 以第1代和第2代发生为害严重, 具有世代重叠现象。梨小食心虫在核桃园1年发生2代, 成虫产卵于核桃果实和叶片, 主要以幼虫为害果实。于6月下旬开始从桃园向核桃园转移, 8月下旬又从核桃园转移至桃园, 具有明显的寄主转移规律。7月初为核桃园内梨小食心虫的防治关键期。     

秸秆还田对东北黑土水分特征及物理性质的影响

为明确秸秆还田对东北黑土水分特征及物理性质的影响,设置秸秆覆盖还田（FG）、秸秆翻埋还田（FM）和秸秆不还田翻耕(FD)3个处理,测定土壤含水量、水分特征曲线、容重、硬度、土壤三相比及结构稳定性等参数。结果表明：（1）秸秆覆盖还田可显著提高春季耕层（0~30 cm）土壤含水量,较秸秆不还田翻耕处理增幅为11.17%~150.84%;不同处理耕层土壤在水吸力中吸力段土壤含水量变化曲线平滑,秸秆覆盖还田处理具有较高的土壤持水性。（2）秸秆还田能显著提高土壤水分有效性,与秸秆不还田翻耕处理相比,秸秆覆盖还田处理0~10 cm土层土壤田间持水量提高4.85%~11.03%,土壤凋萎系数提高10.85%~18.00%;秸秆翻埋还田处理0~10 cm土层土壤重力水增加9.65%~80.73%。秸秆翻埋还田提升了土壤供水能力,土壤比水容量较秸秆不还田翻耕处理增加4.8%~10.0%。（3）与秸秆不还田翻耕处理相比,秸秆还田降低了收获后土壤紧实度,降低幅度为0.18~0.31 MPa;秸秆覆盖还田增加表层土壤容重,降低土壤孔隙度,促进三相结构趋于合理,显著增加土壤结构稳定性。（4）皮尔森相关分析表明,三相比R值与结构距离（r=0.73^*）、土壤容重（r=0.70^*）相关性显著,在一定范围内三相比R值的增加有利于改善并促进土壤结构稳定。综上可知,东北黑土农田实施秸秆还田是提高春季土壤含水量、增强土壤持水性、提升土壤供水能力、调节土壤紧实性、调控土壤三相比、改善土壤结构和提高土壤宜耕性的有效措施。     

核桃嫁接苗培育技术规程

从砧木苗培育、接穗准备、嫁接、出圃、检测、假植以及运输等各环节概述了核桃嫁接苗培育技术规程.     

基于ArcGIS的云县核桃种植规划方法探讨

对某个树种适宜种植区域的规划要考虑到土壤、气温、降水量、海拔、坡度、坡向等立地条件对树木生长、开花、结果的影响。根据云南核桃对立地条件的特定要求,结合土地利用现状,遵循其中的关联规律,利用ArcGIS软件的叠加分析功能,查找出适宜规划的特定区域,做出分级评价,并制作出规划图。通过面积计算得到较适宜种植面积为4 556.6 hm2,适宜种植面积为75 079.65 hm2,可种植面积为12 123.46 hm2