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61.
为研究不同贮藏方式对鲜食核桃在贮藏过程中品质的影响,以“清香”核桃鲜果为试材,分别采用青果贮藏((0±1) ℃、相对湿度70%~80%)、去青皮的湿果贮藏((-7±1) ℃、相对湿度70%~80%)及湿果真空贮藏((-7±1) ℃、相对湿度70%~80%)3种方式贮藏,每15 d对其品质指标进行观察测定。结果表明:随着贮藏时间的延长,所有贮藏方式处理的鲜食核桃的感官品质和营养成分均呈一定的下降趋势。其中,青果贮藏能较好地保持核仁的含水量,维持粗脂肪、蛋白质及可溶性糖含量的稳定性,贮藏后种皮色泽较好,核仁容易剥皮、风味较好,但果壳容易产生霉变;湿果贮藏和湿果真空贮藏可以减轻鲜核桃的霉变,延长了鲜核桃贮藏期,但随着贮藏时间的延长,湿果贮藏核仁水分散失较快,粗脂肪、蛋白质及可溶性糖含量变化较大,使得种皮色泽降低,核仁剥皮困难、风味下降。 相似文献
62.
琥珀核桃仁是云南传统特色食品,早在上世纪90年代初就多次获奖,至今仍然是核桃小食品的主销品种。然而其加工工艺及技术要求已不能适应时代要求,急需升级适应精准人群的精准营养和功能需求,提升核心竞争力,并加强知识产权保护。 相似文献
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4个核桃类树种苗木应对持续干旱的生理响应 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
采用自然干旱法,对引种栽培的美国黑核桃‘北加州黑核桃’和美国山核桃‘波尼’以及乡土核桃树种(漾濞大泡核桃和旺核2号)的2年生苗木进行干旱胁迫处理,测定其生理生化指标,对比分析其抗旱性。结果表明:(1) 4个树种的根系活力、叶片相对含水量、叶片水势和超氧化物歧化酶均随干旱胁迫的增强而呈下降的趋势,叶片相对电导率呈上升的趋势,叶片丙二醛含量呈先增加后下降最后上升的趋势,可溶性糖含量呈先增后减的趋势。(2)叶片可溶性糖含量在第14天时发生显著变化;根系活力在第17天时发生显著变化;叶片相对含水量和丙二醛含量以及超氧化物歧化酶活性在第19天时开始发生显著变化;叶片相对电导率、叶片水势均在第23天时发生显著变化。 (3) 4个树种的抗旱隶属值排序为:‘北加州黑核桃’>‘波尼’>‘旺核2号’>漾濞大泡核桃,说明引进种对干旱的适应性要高于乡土树种。 相似文献
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68.
P. Bella C. Moretti G. Licciardello C. P. Strano A. Pulvirenti S. Alaimo M. Zaccardelli F. Branca R. Buonaurio J. G. Vicente V. Catara 《Plant pathology》2019,68(2):278-287
Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) is the causal agent of black rot in Brassicaceae. It is widespread in Italy and severe outbreaks occur under conditions that favour disease development. In this study a multilocus sequence typing approach (MLST) based on the partial sequence of seven loci was applied to a selection of strains representative of the main areas of cultivation and hosts. The aim was to investigate whether the long tradition of brassica crops in Italy has influenced the evolution of different Xcc populations. All loci were polymorphic; 14 allelic profiles were identified of which 13 were unique to Italian strains. Based on the seven loci, the most common genotype within the Italian Xcc strains (AP1) was also the most representative genotype found in worldwide Xcc strains. This genotype was included in a new clonal complex in addition to three other clonal complexes already identified in Xcc populations. The phylogenetic reconstruction using a concatenated dataset of four conserved protein-coding genes, dnaK, fuyA, gyrB and rpoD, showed that the Italian strains belonged to two genetic groups. Physiological races were also investigated for the first time in Italy. The race structure of Xcc was determined by inoculating eight differential Brassica lines belonging to five species and showed that, in Italy, race 4 is the most widespread, followed by races 1 and 6. No correlation was found between allelic profiles, host of isolation, geographical origin and races, although a prevalent race was identified within the same clonal complex. 相似文献
69.
J. M. Zeng J. Nifong Y. Liu C. J. Huang D. H. Fang R. S. Lewis Y. P. Li 《Plant pathology》2019,68(9):1616-1623
Black shank, caused by the soilborne pathogen Phytophthora nicotianae, is one of the most devastating diseases affecting tobacco production in China. The most effective strategy for reducing economic loss from this pathogen is development and use of resistant tobacco varieties. Multiple sources and systems of resistance have been developed in the Western Hemisphere; however, populations of P. nicotianae are variable around the world, including the predominance of different races. Different P. nicotianae isolates may react differently on tobacco plants with different systems of resistance, a possibility that could complicate the breeding of cultivars with resistance that is effective in different tobacco production regions worldwide. The objective of this research was to evaluate an array of tobacco germplasm possessing different systems of genetic resistance to black shank disease in tobacco-growing regions of Yunnan, China. Resistance types included simply inherited resistance mechanisms introgressed from wild Nicotiana relatives and polygenic partial resistance systems of N. tabacum origin. The loci of Wz exhibited high level resistance to black shank in the five diverse disease environments in Yunnan, China. K326 Php/−Wz/− genotype and Beinhart 1000 exhibited the greatest levels of resistance in both 2015 and 2016. Field observed results for 13 tobacco genotypes were highly correlated with those tested in growth chamber evaluation. These findings suggest that both Wz− and Beinhart 1000-mediated resistance have important commercial value in flue-cured tobacco breeding programmes in China. Cultivars developed for black shank resistance in China may also have utility in other tobacco-growing areas. 相似文献
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