汕头市金灶镇杨梅枯死病成因与对策

对金灶镇的杨梅枯死情况进行了调查,从栽培管理、病虫害及外部环境因素分析其成因,认为品种退化是杨梅枯死大爆发的主要原因。在此基础上,提出了品种更新、改进栽培措施等生产对策。     

西南桤木木塑复合材料的研究

采用乙烯基类系列单体——丙烯腈(AN)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、丙烯酸(AA)三元共聚单体注入西南桤木木材中，制成新型的高分子复合材料(AMA—WPC)。单体的注入用满细胞法，聚合用热引发法，并采用添加氯化锌对木材细胞壁进行活化等工艺对木塑复合材进行了研究和分析。实验样品按照国标GBl927—1943有关规定进行测试，并结合傅立叶红外光谱和扫描电镜探讨了各因素对AMA—WPC材料接枝率及性能的影响。结果表明：改性后西南桤木木塑复合材料具有优异的物理、力学性能。与素材相比较，AMA—WPC的密度提高了59．8％，顺纹抗压强度提高了76．7％，抗弯强度提高了90．4％，抗弯弹性模量提高22．2％，端面硬度提高102．3％，径面硬度提高153．6％，弦面硬度提高152．2％，吸水率降低56．7％，湿膨胀率降低19．0％。     

Genetic variation ofAlnus trabeculosa populations in Japan

Alnus trabeculosa Hand.-Mazz. is classed as “near threatened,” and efforts should be made to conserve the species, but effective action would require understanding of its genetic variation and structure. Therefore, the genetic variation at 12 isozyme loci was examined in seven populations of the species in Japan. The expected heterozygosity within species (H _es=0.222) and the expected heterozygosity within populations (H _ep=0.199) were found to be slightly higher than in most other woody species. The coefficient of genetic differentiation (G _ST=0.146) was also high. The northernmost population had the lowest values for almost all measures of genetic variation, and populations in southern Japan tended to show greater within-population variation than those in northern Japan. The level and distribution of genetic variation in this species might be related to its life history and ecological traits, and distribution history.     

杨梅主要病虫害的防治技术

介绍了杨梅病虫害综合防治技术、无公害防治简历、主要病虫害防治要点和植物生长调节剂的使用技术。通过健康栽培、调节生态和科学用药实现病虫害的综合治理；无公害防治简历抓住主要物候期提出技术规程，力求简洁实用；对主要病虫害提出关键防治时期和防治方法；植物生长调节剂则提倡适树使用。     

大杨梅在临沧市引种栽培技术初探

根据临沧市自然条件及大杨梅生物学特性，选择适宜的品种进行大杨梅栽培、水肥管理、病虫害防治等技术的初步探索，并取得了成功，为临沧市推广种殖大杨梅提供了可借鉴的经验。     

四川桤木人工林不同年龄段生物量的研究

对湖南湘西北地区3个立地条件相近的5年生、8年生和14年生四川桤木人工林的生物量进行了研究.结果表明:3个年龄段桤木林分的生产力分别为14.40、13.30、16.67 t·hm-2,均表现出较大的生产力.     

鸡蛋花植物文化和国内栽培历史

鸡蛋花原产美洲热带地区,现已广泛种植于热带亚热带地区。除园林观赏外,其花可食用、药用,且寓意丰富。据考证,鸡蛋花在我国已有300多年的栽培历史。本文从自然分布、相关文化以及引入中国时间考证三个方面对鸡蛋花作系统而全面的介绍。     

Optimization of triploidy induction in the blacklip abalone, Haliotis rubra (Leach, 1814), using 6-dimethylaminopurine

Optimal conditions of 6‐dimethylaminopurine (6‐DMAP) for triploidy induction in the blacklip abalone Haliotis rubra (Leach, 1814) were investigated, targeting inhibition of second polar body (PB2) formation. Two experiments were conducted at a water temperature of 17.5–18.5°C where factorial combination of (1) four dosages (DSs) of 100, 150, 200 and 250 μM 6‐DMAP, four starting times (STs) of 15, 20, 25 and 30 min post fertilization, and two treatment durations (TDs) of 20 and 30 min and (2) three DSs of 50, 100 and 150 μM 6‐DMAP, three STs of 15, 20 and 25 min post fertilization, and three TDs of 10, 20 and 30 min, were applied respectively. Day 3 larvae were sampled for triploidy and survival. Percent triploidy was verified using flow cytometry (FCM). Results show that optimal inductions that combine both high rates of triploidy and reasonable survival were those treatments commenced 15 or 20 min post fertilization and continued for 20 or 30 min, using 100 μM 6‐DMAP. These conditions induced rates of triploidy and relative survival of 80.5–93.3% and 36.5–40.2%, respectively, in the first experiment, and corresponding rates were 79.1–93.6% and 20.7–43.0% in the second experiment. High percent triploidy were also obtained in a number of treatments using 150 μM 6‐DMAP, but with overall survival rates generally lower than those using 100 μM 6‐DMAP.     

Effects of oxygen supersaturation and temperature on juvenile greenlip, Haliotis laevigata Donovan, and blacklip, Haliotis rubra Leach, abalone

Growth and survival of juvenile greenlip (39.03 (SD 3.80) mm (n=524)) and blacklip (31.92 (SD 4.19) mm (n=531) abalone were investigated at high dissolved oxygen levels (95–120% saturation) between 17 and 19°C. Abalone were fed the same artificial diet and each species was contained in groups of approximately 30 individuals within triplicate tanks for each of six treatments and were exposed to flow through water adjusted to give experimental conditions for up to 75 days. Blacklip abalone held at 16.9°C and 97% oxygen saturation grew in shell length significantly faster than all other treatments of blacklip abalone held at 19°C, and significantly faster than blacklip abalone maintained at 111% oxygen saturation and 17.5°C. Both temperature and oxygen saturation significantly affected the survival of this species. Blacklip abalone held at 19°C had significantly lower survival for both 96% oxygen saturation and 120% oxygen saturation, compared with blacklip abalone maintained at either 110% oxygen saturation and 19°C, or for any 17°C treatment. No significant differences were noted for greenlip abalone within the range tested in terms of growth rate, food consumption rate or survival, indicating that greenlip abalone tolerated these conditions better than did blacklip abalone.     

模拟酸雨对杨梅生理生化特征的影响

研究了不同强度模拟酸雨对6年生东魁杨梅生理生化特征的影响。结果表明:随着模拟酸雨胁迫加剧,叶片可见伤害症状严重,叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素、类胡萝卜素含量以及叶绿素a/b比值显著降低,光系统I(IPSII)的潜在化学活性(Fv/Fo)和最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)显著降低,水分利用效率和光合能力显著下降,细胞质膜透性增加,MDA含量增加,SOD、POD和CAT活性受到明显抑制,从而抑制杨梅的生长发育。