木质活性炭的光催化再生

根据活性炭吸附机理，利用光催化氧化技术，研究了在主波长253．7nm紫外光辐射下，以锐钛型TiO2及在其表面沉积贵金属Ag的Ag-TiO2为光催化剂，以亚甲基蓝为模型化合物，进行吸附饱和椰壳活性炭的光催化再生。系统研究了再生温度、催化剂活性、再生时间、活性炭粒度、再生次数、pH值对再生效果的影响。结果表明在较高再生温度50℃、较长再生时间72h条件下，再生率达到81％，可以实现木质椰壳活性炭的缓慢光催化再生。     

Survival and growth of upland oak and co-occurring competitor seedlings following single and repeated prescribed fires

Studies within and outside the U.S. indicate recurring oak (Quercus spp.) regeneration problems. In deciduous forests of the eastern U.S., a prevailing explanation for this trend is fire suppression leading to high competitor abundance and low understory light. In response, prescribed fire is increasingly used as a management tool to remedy these conditions and encourage future oak establishment and growth. Within eastern Kentucky, we implemented single and repeated (3×) prescribed fires over a 6-yr period (2002–2007). Pre- and post-burn, we quantified canopy cover and oak seedling survival and growth compared to other woody seedlings deemed potential competitors, primarily red maple (Acer rubrum L.) and sassafras (Sassafras albidum (Nutt.) Nees.). Burning temporarily decreased canopy cover 3–10%, but cover rebounded the subsequent growing season. Repeated burning ultimately produced canopy cover about 6% lower than sites unburned and burned once, suggesting a cumulative effect on understory light. Red maple exhibited low survival (∼40%) following single and repeated burns, but growth remained similar to unburned seedlings. Burning had little impact on sassafras survival and led to total height and basal diameters 2× greater than unburned seedlings. A single burn had no impact on red oak (Erythrobalanus spp.) survival and increased height and basal diameters 25–30%, but this positive growth response was driven by seedlings on several plots which experienced high burn temperatures and consequently high overstory mortality. White oaks (Leucobalanus spp.), however, exhibited twice as high mortality compared to those unburned, with no change in growth parameters. Repeated burning negatively impacted survival and growth of both oak groups compared to unburned seedlings. With both burn regimes, oaks with smaller pre-burn basal diameters exhibited the lowest post-burn survival. Thus, despite the ability of prescribed burns to temporarily increase understory light and reduce red maple survival, neither single or repeated burns placed oaks in an improved competitive position. These findings result from a combination of highly variable yet interdependent factors including the (1) life history traits of oaks compared to their co-occurring competitors, (2) pre-burn stature of pre-existing oak seedlings, and (3) variability in fire temperature and effects on understory light.     

长序榆天然更新调查研究

对福建省南平市来舟镇东山村残存的珍稀濒危树种长序榆的天然更新状况进行研究,结果表明:长序榆大树虽然生长旺盛,但林下天然更新不良。长序榆果实风播有效距离仅为30m,且由于它是阳性树种,不耐蔽荫,在阳光不足的林下种子难于成苗,幼苗难以成树,天然更新能力弱,这些是它种群数量少,处于濒危状态的主要原因。     

粉枝莓的组织培养与植株再生

利用粉枝莓的茎段和幼嫩叶片作为外植体，研究了不同激素水平对诱导产生愈伤组织、芽和根及完成植株再生的影响。试验结果表明：MS 6-BA0.5 NAA0.2培养基对诱导愈伤组织和芽的分化效果最佳，1/2MS IBA0.3对促进生根效果较好，在两步移栽法中，移栽存活率分别为94％和98％。     

小叶杨原生质体培养植株再生及其同工酶的变化

从小叶杨（Ｐｏｐｕｌｕｓｓｉｍｏｎｉｉ）胚性悬浮细胞分离得到大量有活力的原生质体，产量高达３．８×１０７ｇ－１ＦＷ。高密度（３×１０６／ｍＬ）液体浅层培养可促进小叶杨原生质体的分裂和生长；以葡萄糖为唯一碳源的Ｋｍ８ｐ培养基，有利于原生质体的持续分裂；在培养基中添加有机氮，有助于提高原生质体的植板率。原生质体形成细胞团后，逐步降渗和分皿培养，能有效促进细胞团的持续分裂。愈伤组织在不同分化培养基上的分化频率存在着明显的差异，同工酶分析说明，分化能力强的愈伤组织，其ＴＣＡ循环和磷酸戊糖途径较为活跃，ＧＯＴ、ＥＳＴ和ＰＥＲＯＸ的活性比较高。当芽伸长到２—３ｃｍ时，从基部切下转移到无激素的１／２ＭＳ培养基上诱导生根并形成完整植株。移入盒内，在温室生长良好。     

杉木人工林采伐迹地更新群落结构特征的研究

从杉木人工林科学经营和自然资源管理保护出发，根据定位研究和群落样地调查结果，分析和比较了湖南杉木中心产区会同杉木人工林不同采伐方式迹地上更新群落的组成结构和数量特征．结果表明：迹地群落中共有维管植物85科164属254种，其中乔木、灌木、藤本和草本分别为53种、85种、39种和77种；皆伐和间伐后物种多样性指数高；皆伐8a后迹地群落与皆伐2a后群落相似性较小，而与间伐8a后群落相似性较大；杉木人工林采伐迹地种类成分变更快．提出了合理经营和保护杉木林生态系统多样性和稳定性的措施．     

Planted conifer seedling growth under two soil thermal regimes in high-elevation forest openings in interior British Columbia

A field trial was conducted investigating the single season growth response of 1+0 313 PSB Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii Parry ex Engelm.) and lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud.) seedlings planted into two different soil thermal regimes at three high-elevation locations spanning 200 km in the Engelmann Spruce-Subalpine Fir (ESSF) biogeoclimatic zone in the Cariboo Mountains of central British Columbia. Temperature treatments represented the extremes of soil temperature commonly found in high-elevation clear-cuts. A warm soil treatment (clear day, mid-afternoon soil temperature in mid-summer of 18 to 25 °C at –10 cm) consisting of a bare mineral soil hummock (average dimensions of 100 cm × 100 cm × 40 cm) was contrasted with a cool soil treatment (clear day, mid-afternoon soil temperature in mid-summer of 10 to 13 °C at –10 cm) comprised of organic forest floor overlying mineral soil. By the end of the growing season, seedlings of both species planted into the warm treatment generally exhibited greater root, stem, foliage, and total seedling biomass than cool treatment seedlings. Measurements of root growth at 30, 60, and 90 days after planting showed that total root number and total root length were consistently greater for warm treatment seedlings than for cool treatment seedlings. Root growth was greater from the bottom rather than from the side of the root plug for all seedlings. These results suggest that the effect of low soil temperatures on outplanted styroblock conifer seedlings is pronounced and may be limiting growth performance in high-elevation plantations in British Columbia. We recommend silvicultural treatments that secure natural regeneration, ensure that warmer microsites are always planted, and utilize seedling stocktypes able to make rapid lateral root growth into warmer surface organic horizons.     

阔叶林采伐更新技术调查

本文通过系统调查分析三种阔叶林采伐更新方式所形成的林分外貌特征和效益，总结阔叶林采育技术，为科学经营提供依据。     

洪泽湖大堤旱柳防浪林更新的问题与对策

本研究从１９９０年开始对洪泽湖大堤迎湖面林台上新植的插干旱柳的生长进行了观察，对洪泽湖大堤的小气候因子、土壤因子进行了测定，分析了这些自然条件与柳树生长的关系以及病虫害、栽培技术对柳树生长的影响，从而明确了影响柳树成活的原因。针对柳树死因，设计了４种栽植方式并进行比较试验，优选出可以大幅度提高柳树更新成活率的最佳栽植方式，提出了提高柳树成活率的一套栽培技术措施。     

The natural regeneration pattern and process of Korean pine population under natural Poplar-birch forest in Xiaoxing’an Mountains

According to a great deal of field investigation and detailed indoor analysis, the natural regeneration pattern and process of Korean pine population under natural Poplar-birch forest has been uncovered. The results show that the regeneration quantity and quality of Korean pine population under mountainous Poplar-birch forest and mountainous white birch forest are better than those under valley moss-grass White Birch forest and virgin broad-leaved Korean pine forest. Korean pine population shows aggregated distribution, the mass-occurrence period of Korean pine population is behind the mass-occurrence period of Poplar-birch population. Various aged Korean pines growth is affected by different stand structure factors. Man-made lighting tending can accelerate the regeneration process and increase the regeneration quality of Korean pine population. It is feasible to set up regeneration recombination of upper layer White Birch and lower layer Korean pines.