黄秋葵叶粉对海兰褐蛋鸡部分生产性能及蛋品质的影响

研究了黄秋葵叶粉对产蛋高峰期海兰褐蛋鸡部分生产性能和蛋品质的影响，旨在找出最适宜添加量，为进一步开发新型天然饲料添加剂奠定基础。试验组黄秋葵叶粉添加量分别为3％（T3）、4％（T4）、5％（T5）、6％（T6），对照组为不添加黄秋葵叶粉组（0％，T0）。试验共进行12周，预饲期1周。结果表明：试验组蛋重较对照组均有不同程度的提高，T3、T4组的产蛋率、产蛋量比对照组有所提高，T4、T5组采食量和T4组的料蛋比较对照组有所降低；各试验组在试验鸡蛋黄的着色效果均较对照组有显著提高（p＜0.05）；各试验组哈     

不同因子对黄秋葵毛状根生长的影响

目的探讨不同因子对黄秋葵毛状根生长的影响。方法利用增殖倍数法测定毛状根的生长．从而明确各因子对黄秋葵毛状根的影响。结果3％蔗糖浓度最适宜毛状根的生长。0．5mg／L6-BA对毛状根有一定的抑制作用，0．5mg／LNAA、IAA对毛状根有一定的促进作用。尤其是0．5mg／LIAA培养的毛状根增殖倍数更为显著。MJA对毛状根生长有抑制作用，SA对毛状根的生长没有明显的影响。结论不同因子不同程度地影响了毛状根的生长，为进一步筛选适宜的黄秋葵毛状根培养体系奠定了基础。     

干旱对黄秋葵的影响

[目的]研究在土壤干旱条件下不同黄秋葵种质生长和光合作用的差别。[方法]以22个黄秋葵种质为材料,采用干旱伤害率分析法,对其抗旱性进行评价。[结果]干旱对004-5的株高,生物产量和光合作用的伤害率低,对B015的伤害率高;土壤相对含水量下降到30%～35%时,各种质光合指标的日均值有明显差异。[结论]004-5的抗旱性最强,B015对干旱最敏感。     

Weed Control in Wheat and Barley in the Middle East

Abstract

Wheat and barley constitute the bulk of agricultural production in the Middle East. Unfortunately, these crops are grown on marginal soils which are infested with annual and perennial weeds. The principal weed species include Avena sterilis L., Convolvulus arvensis L., and Sinapis arvensis L. and it has been estimated that yield losses due to weeds are between 20 and 30%. Control is mostly by hand pulling, hoeing or mechanical tillage, the use of herbicides being limited to about 2–5%, of the cereal area. The chemical used is usually 2,4-D but there are a few applications of barban. With the increase in wages, and unavailability of agricultural labour it is suggested that herbicide application should be widely used in the Middle East. Mixtures with benzonitriles and dicamba should be used in addition to the economical phenoxy herbicides to widen the spectrum of control of broadleaved weeds. Glyphosate may also be used after grain harvest for the control of perennial weeds and tri-allate, chlortoluron and other chemicals for the control of wild oats and other grasses. Plant breeders should study the genetic response of newly developed varieties to the most widely used herbicides.     

Nucleotide sequencing and an improved diagnostic for screening okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) genotypes for resistance to a newly described begomovirus in India

Ten okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) plants showing distinct yellow vein mosaic disease (YVMD) symptoms were collected from different fields in Karnataka State, India. The genomic DNA of the isolated viruses was amplified, cloned, and sequenced. Sequence analysis revealed that the DNA-A-like sequences of all ten isolates were identical. Sequence analysis of a representative virus isolate (OYSK2) with other begomovirus sequences available in GenBank showed ≥90% sequence identity with Bhendi yellow vein Maharashtra virus (BYVMaV; EU482411) and ≤89% homology with full-length Bhendi yellow vein mosaic virus (BYVMV) infecting okra on the Indian subcontinent. These results suggested that a new strain of BYVMaV was present in all ten samples collected from the field. A source of resistance to BYVMaV and naturally present virus isolates causing YVMD was identified by screening okra genotypes under artificial and natural inoculation conditions, respectively. None of the genotypes tested showed complete immunity to BYVMaV. However, the okra genotypes ‘Tulasi’ and ‘Trisha’ were only moderately susceptible under glasshouse and field conditions. The new begomovirus strain could be detected by dot-blot hybridisation using a non-radioactive DNA probe in the virus samples collected from both symptomless and symptomatic okra plants.     

黄蜀葵花黄酮类化合物的化学成分及药理作用研究进展

黄蜀葵花为锦葵科植物黄蜀葵的干燥花冠,民间应用历史悠久。现代药理学证实,黄酮类化合物为主要的活性物质。对黄蜀葵花黄酮类化合物的化学成分和药理作用的研究现状进行了综述,为黄蜀葵花黄酮类化合物的进一步研究和发展提供参考。     

黄蜀葵的资源及药学研究进展

[目的]研究黄蜀葵的资源及药理学作用。[方法]通过查阅国内外发表的文献,综述了黄蜀葵各部分的化学成分及其药理作用。[结果]传统中药蜀葵中含有黄酮、蜀葵多糖、槲皮素、挥发油、甙类及有机酸等;药理研究证明,蜀葵具有镇痛、抗炎、解热及降低血脂的作用。[结论]蜀葵含有多种化学成分,从蜀葵中可找到治疗抗感染和心脑血管的药物。     

鼹鼠爪趾几何结构量化特征分

土壤洞穴动物鼹鼠具有极高的挖掘效率,前足爪趾是其主要挖掘器官.分析了鼹鼠中重要种属--麝鼹(Scaptochirus moschatus)具有优良挖掘功能的前足爪趾的几何结构特征,重点分析了前足爪趾触土面的几何结构.利用体视显微镜观察分析前足爪趾的宏观几何结构,通过逆向工程技术获取爪趾三维数据点云进行特征曲线量化分析,求得前足爪趾特征轮廓线的曲率及二阶导数的变化规律:鼹鼠爪趾纵向轮廓曲率变化较小,爪趾纵向表面平顺,保证了挖掘出的洞道内壁的平整;横向轮廓曲线曲率变化较大,且横向轮廓线尖端弯曲小,中后端弯曲大,这种结构使爪趾更易入土和扩洞.     

基于灰色关联分析的黄秋葵品种综合评估

[目的]综合评估黄秋葵品种的主要农艺性状,筛选出适合三亚地区种植的黄秋葵品种.[方法]在三亚地区进行黄秋葵品种田间比较试验,采用灰色关联分析法对供试8个黄秋葵品种的产量、果重、果长、果宽、单株结果数、株幅、节间长、始花期、果实蓟马危害指数及始花节位等10个主要农艺性状进行综合评价.[结果]各供试品种综合性状的等权关联度排序为幸福2号>幸福3号>五福>绿秋葵>幸福1号>9号>红秋葵>泰国Okra,综合性状的加权关联度排序为幸福2号>幸福3号>9号>五福>幸福1号>绿秋葵>泰国Okra>红秋葵.其中幸福2号和幸福3号综合性状表现优良,排序靠前,泰国Okra和红秋葵综合性状表现不理想,排序靠后.综合性状的加权关联度排序更符合田间观测结果.[结论]以灰色关联分析法评估选出的幸福2号和幸福3号黄秋葵品种综合性状表现优,适合在三亚地区推广种植.     

外源水杨酸对黄秋葵种子萌发及低温胁迫下幼苗生长的影响

以台湾五福黄秋葵种子为试材,研究了水杨酸(SA)对黄秋葵种子萌发以及对4℃低温胁迫下幼苗叶片生理指标的影响,以期为早春时期黄秋葵育苗提供理论依据。结果表明:低浓度(0.5、1.0 mmol/L)的SA浸种能提高黄秋葵种子发芽势和发芽率;1.5 mmol/L SA浸种降低种子的发芽势、发芽率;2.0 mmol/L SA处理严重抑制黄秋葵种子的萌发。与清水对照相比,低浓度的SA处理能使黄秋葵幼苗叶片中叶绿素a、b含量和叶绿素总量增加,过氧化物酶活性以及脯氨酸积累量升高,过氧化氢酶活性和丙二醛含量降低。其中以1.0 mmol/L的SA浸种效果最好。