杂种黄秋葵茎尖及试管苗培养的研究

采用茎尖和试管苗培养的方法,以黄秋葵生长点为材料,进行了生长点的生长、分化芽的生根和试管苗的生根继代增殖培养,以及试管苗的移栽与定植的研究。结果表明:1/2MS+ZT0.2mg·L-1+NAA0.3mg·L-1是生长点伸长生长的理想培养基;MS+6-BA0.7mg·L-1+AgNO30.8mg·L-1+NAA0.1mg·L-1是生长芽分化培养的理想培养基;1/3MS+ABT0.6mg·L-1+蔗糖10g·L-1+IAA0.4mg·L-1是分化芽生根培养和生根继代增殖培养的理想培养基。试管苗移栽成活率为94.7%;定植成活率为97.4%;定植的试管苗保持了杂种黄秋葵的杂种优势。     

Cross compatibility between Abelmoschus esculentus and A. moschatus

Interspecific cross compatibility between cultivated and wild okra (Abelmoschus esculentus and A. moschatus) and pollen tube growth behaviour in the crosses among a local cultivar of A. esculentus, A. moschatus and their F₁s were studied. Fruit set was observed in all the crosses except one and seed setting was absent in two of the crosses which set fruit. All seed produced were shrivelled but F₁ plants were obtained from two crosses where cultivated okra was used as the seed parent. The F₁ plants were perennial in nature with very low pollen viability and seed set. A high percentage of pollen germination and profuse pollen tube penetration in the style were observed in the cross A. esculentus × A. moschatus but low pollen tube penetration with abnormal pollen tubes was observed in the reciprocal cross. The number of pollen tubes was very low but they appeared to be normal in the backcross A. esculentus × F₁, but were generally abnormal in the reciprocal cross. Both pre- and postzygotic barriers seemed to occur in crosses between the two species. The present studies indicate that these barriers can be overcome and desirable characters from A. moschatus transferred to cultivated okra using conventional hybridisation techniques. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

金花葵黄酮对糖尿病模型小鼠脂代谢的影响

观察金花葵总黄酮对糖尿病模型小鼠脂代谢以及SOD的影响,将链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导成功的糖尿病小鼠模型随机分为正常对照组、金花葵黄酮高剂量组,中剂量组和低剂量组,阴性对照组和阳性对照组。灌胃4周后检测血脂和超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)的变化。结果表明,与阴性对照组相比,金花葵黄酮干预小鼠总胆固醇下降（P<0.01）,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇上升（P<0.05）,SOD上升（P<0.01）。适量金花葵黄酮对糖尿病小鼠脂代谢紊乱有明显的改善作用,并有显著的体内抗氧化能力。     

Effectiveness and relative discriminatory abilities of techniques measuring genotype × environment interaction and stability in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L) Moench)

Summary Twenty selected okra genotypes were evaluated in four different environments for stability of performance, measured by days to flowering, number of branches per plant, plant height, number of pods per plant, pod weight, and pod yield per plant. An analysis of the components of G × E interaction showed that it might not always be adequately explained by a linear function of the environment. The heritability estimates for the response of the characters showed that the number of branches per plant was under strong genotypic influence. The stability variance parameters, % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr% 4rNCHbGeaGak0dh9WrFfpC0xh9vqqj-hEeeu0xXdbba9frFj0-OqFf% ea0dXdd9vqaq-JfrVkFHe9pgea0dXdar-Jb9hs0dXdbPYxe9vr0-vr% 0-vqpWqaaeaabaGaaiaacaqabeaadaqaaqaaaOqaaiqbeo8aZzaaja% WaaWbaaSqabeaacaaIYaaaaaaa!3A18!\[\hat \sigma ^2\]and W-mean square and the deviation MS employed in the analyses of stability indicated that most of the genotypes were unstable in respect of the characters. The % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr% 4rNCHbGeaGak0dh9WrFfpC0xh9vqqj-hEeeu0xXdbba9frFj0-OqFf% ea0dXdd9vqaq-JfrVkFHe9pgea0dXdar-Jb9hs0dXdbPYxe9vr0-vr% 0-vqpWqaaeaabaGaaiaacaqabeaadaqaaqaaaOqaaiqbeo8aZzaaja% WaaWbaaSqabeaacaaIYaaaaaaa!3A18!\[\hat \sigma ^2\]and W-mean square produced similar results which were different from those of deviation MS; the two stability-variance techniques were more discriminatory than the regression technique.     

黄秋葵茎叶粉对文昌鸡蛋黄着色的影响

采用单因子试验设计,选取300日龄产蛋率相近的文昌鸡360只,随机分为6个试验处理,每个处理设置3个重复,每个重复20只鸡,试验组为占日粮2%、3%、4%、5%的黄秋葵,对照组为不添加黄秋葵组、添加加丽红和加丽黄的混合组,试验共进行30d。研究结果表明:日粮添加2%、3%、4%、5%黄秋葵试验组和加丽红、加丽黄的混合组均显著提高了试验鸡蛋黄的着色效果(p<0.05),5个处理彼此间差异不显著(p>0.05);而未添加黄秋葵的对照组的着色效果较差,与其它各组差异显著(p<0.05);试验组鸡摄取含黄秋葵的饲料1￣2周后,蛋黄颜色明显加深,3周后,蛋黄达到较为理想的黄色,比色值达到10级以上。日粮添加黄秋葵茎叶粉对试验鸡的产蛋率和料蛋比无显著影响(p>0.05)。     

干旱对黄秋葵的影响

[目的]研究在土壤干旱条件下不同黄秋葵种质生长和光合作用的差别。[方法]以22个黄秋葵种质为材料,采用干旱伤害率分析法,对其抗旱性进行评价。[结果]干旱对004-5的株高,生物产量和光合作用的伤害率低,对B015的伤害率高;土壤相对含水量下降到30%～35%时,各种质光合指标的日均值有明显差异。[结论]004-5的抗旱性最强,B015对干旱最敏感。     

黄秋葵种子中咖啡碱的提取方法研究

[目的]探讨黄秋葵(Abelmoschus esculentus)种子中咖啡碱的提取方法,为其进一步开发利用奠定基础。[方法]采用微波提取法、回流提取法和超声提取法3种方法提取黄秋葵种子中的咖啡碱,并采用可见-紫外分光光度法测定其含量。[结果]采用微波提取法时,在中等功率、微波时间8 min条件下,所得的咖啡碱的得率最高,为0.149%。采用回流提取法时,在提取剂水∶乙醇为1∶2、提取时间为1 h条件下,所得的咖啡碱的得率最高,为0.156%。采用超声提取法时,在提取剂用量为25 ml、超声时间为30 min条件下,所得的咖啡碱的得率最高,为0.142%。[结论]该研究得出了采用微波提取法、回流提取法和超声提取法提取黄秋葵种子中咖啡碱含量的最方便最有效的提取方法,可为黄秋葵种子中有效成分提取方面的研究奠定基础。     

外源水杨酸对黄秋葵种子萌发及低温胁迫下幼苗生长的影响

以台湾五福黄秋葵种子为试材,研究了水杨酸(SA)对黄秋葵种子萌发以及对4℃低温胁迫下幼苗叶片生理指标的影响,以期为早春时期黄秋葵育苗提供理论依据。结果表明:低浓度(0.5、1.0 mmol/L)的SA浸种能提高黄秋葵种子发芽势和发芽率;1.5 mmol/L SA浸种降低种子的发芽势、发芽率;2.0 mmol/L SA处理严重抑制黄秋葵种子的萌发。与清水对照相比,低浓度的SA处理能使黄秋葵幼苗叶片中叶绿素a、b含量和叶绿素总量增加,过氧化物酶活性以及脯氨酸积累量升高,过氧化氢酶活性和丙二醛含量降低。其中以1.0 mmol/L的SA浸种效果最好。     

不同因子对黄秋葵毛状根生长的影响

目的探讨不同因子对黄秋葵毛状根生长的影响。方法利用增殖倍数法测定毛状根的生长．从而明确各因子对黄秋葵毛状根的影响。结果3％蔗糖浓度最适宜毛状根的生长。0．5mg／L6-BA对毛状根有一定的抑制作用,0．5mg／LNAA、IAA对毛状根有一定的促进作用。尤其是0．5mg／LIAA培养的毛状根增殖倍数更为显著。MJA对毛状根生长有抑制作用,SA对毛状根的生长没有明显的影响。结论不同因子不同程度地影响了毛状根的生长,为进一步筛选适宜的黄秋葵毛状根培养体系奠定了基础。     

黄秋葵叶粉对海兰褐蛋鸡部分生产性能及蛋品质的影响

研究了黄秋葵叶粉对产蛋高峰期海兰褐蛋鸡部分生产性能和蛋品质的影响,旨在找出最适宜添加量,为进一步开发新型天然饲料添加剂奠定基础。试验组黄秋葵叶粉添加量分别为3％（T3）、4％（T4）、5％（T5）、6％（T6）,对照组为不添加黄秋葵叶粉组（0％,T0）。试验共进行12周,预饲期1周。结果表明：试验组蛋重较对照组均有不同程度的提高,T3、T4组的产蛋率、产蛋量比对照组有所提高,T4、T5组采食量和T4组的料蛋比较对照组有所降低;各试验组在试验鸡蛋黄的着色效果均较对照组有显著提高（p＜0.05）;各试验组哈