全周期种植模式胶园土壤养分和微生物量碳分布特性

通过监测传统胶园与全周期种植模式胶园土壤的养分差异,探讨全周期种植方式对胶园土壤养分的影响。结果表明,传统胶园内离树越近的位点,土壤养分含量和微生物量碳越低;除速效磷外,全周期胶园内离树越近的位点,土壤养分含量和微生物量碳越高。总体而言,全周期胶园土壤全氮、无机氮和微生物量碳低于传统胶园,但均没有达到显著差异,而其土壤有机质、速效磷和速效钾含量高于传统胶园,其中速效磷含量达显著差异(P＜0.05)。与传统胶园相比,全周期种植模式主要影响土壤养分和微生物量碳的分布特征,其中土壤速效磷和速效钾含量亦相对较高,其他指标变化较小。     

过量表达拟南芥GPX3基因提高玉米苗期抗旱性研究

通过农杆菌介导法将拟南芥抗旱基因AtGPX3导入玉米自交系郑58中,用PCR和RT-PCR法对转化玉米进行检测,在水分胁迫下对T₁代转基因玉米和非转基因玉米进行抗旱性分析。结果表明,共得到56株转化苗,检测获得9个株系的30株T₀代转基因阳性植株,抗性植株阳性率为53.6%。RT-PCR检测表明,T₁代有6个株系为稳定遗传阳性株系,并且AtGPX3基因在转基因玉米中表达量大幅度提高。耐旱性分析表明,非胁迫条件下,非转基因和转基因株系中游离脯氨酸（Pro）和丙二醛（MDA）的含量基本无显著差异。在干旱胁迫条件下,转基因玉米叶片的Pro含量高于非转基因玉米,比非转基因株系提高了46.2%;MDA含量低于非转基因玉米,比非转基因玉米下降了34%。通过导入AtGPX3基因,可以提高玉米苗期的耐旱性。     

株1S系列组合产量及农艺性状的关系研究

温敏核不育系株1S是育种上广泛应用的优良早籼型水稻不育系,1999年通过湖南省品种审定委员会审定。自审定以来,以其为母本所配组合在湖南省区域试验早稻组中占有很大的比重。一大批组合通过审定,并在湖南省及南方各省区得到大面积推广,产生了良好的经济、社会和生态效益。本文通过对历年湖南省区域试验中株1S系列组合信息的收集和整理,对其产量性状、农艺性状等进行了相关分析,为选育高产优质的理想株型品种和合理的栽培措施提供参考依据和理论支撑。早中熟品种产量与米质、感病性显著负相关。     

“太空莲3号”在新罗区种植表现及高产栽培技术

莲子营养价值高,莲花可作观赏之用,同时藕田吸污能力强。"太空莲3号"是江西省广昌县白莲科学研究所与中科院遗传研究所合作培育而成的莲子新品种。龙岩市新罗区从2006年开始引进"太空莲3号"种植,经济效益好。介绍了"太空莲3号"在新罗区的种植表现及高产栽培技术。     

国家自然科学基金项目（J1210056）

为探讨硫化氢(H2S)作为潜在的新型氮肥增效剂的可能性,通过水培实验,以扬麦16为材料,以NaHS为H2S供体(浓度0.01mmol·L-1),研究了外源低浓度H2S对低氮(2.5 mmol·L-1)、中氮(7.5)和高氮(15 mmol·L-1)条件下小麦幼苗光合作用、硝态氮吸收和同化的影响.结果表明,外源低浓度H2S促进了小麦幼苗的光合作用及对硝态氮的吸收,使低氮条件下植株干物质重增加15.5％,显著提高叶片可溶性蛋白、总氮及叶绿素含量.外源H2S处理后,低氮和中氮水平下叶片硝酸还原酶(NR)、谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)以及谷氨酸脱氢酶(GDH)活性有所增加,尤其是在低氮水平下增加显著,但在高氮水平下NR与GS活性分别下降22％和13％,GDH活性与对照无明显差异.以上结果说明外源低浓度H2S可提高小麦幼苗对低氮的适应性,促进其生长及对氮素吸收与同化.     

Nano- and Microdelivery Systems for Marine Bioactive Lipids

There is an increasing body of evidence of the positive impact of several marine lipids on human health. These compounds, which include ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, have been shown to improve blood lipid profiles and exert anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective effects. The high instability of these compounds to oxidative deterioration and their hydrophobicity have a drastic impact in their pharmacokinetics. Thus, the bioavailability of these compounds may be affected, resulting in their inability to reach the target sites at effective concentrations. In this regard; micro/nanoparticles can offer a wide range of solutions that can prevent the degradation of targeted molecules, increase their absorption, uptake and bioavailability. In this work we will present the options currently available concerning micro- and nanodelivery systems for marine lipids; with emphasis on micro/nanoparticles; such as micro/nanocapsules and emulsions. A wide range of bottom-up approaches using casein, chitosan, cyclodextrins, among others; will be discussed.     

Biosynthetic Modularity Rules in the Bisintercalator Family of Antitumor Compounds

Diverse actinomycetes produce a family of structurally and biosynthetically related non-ribosomal peptide compounds which belong to the chromodepsipeptide family. These compounds act as bisintercalators into the DNA helix. They give rise to antitumor, antiparasitic, antibacterial and antiviral bioactivities. These compounds show a high degree of conserved modularity (chromophores, number and type of amino acids). This modularity and their high sequence similarities at the genetic level imply a common biosynthetic origin for these pathways. Here, we describe insights about rules governing this modular biosynthesis, taking advantage of the fact that nowadays five of these gene clusters have been made public (thiocoraline, triostin, SW-163 and echinomycin/quinomycin). This modularity has potential application for designing and producing novel genetic engineered derivatives, as well as for developing new chemical synthesis strategies. These would facilitate their clinical development.     

Synthesis and Evaluation of Some New Aza-B-homocholestane Derivatives as Anticancer Agents

Using analogues of some marine steroidal oximes as precursors, a series of aza-B-homocholestane derivatives possessing different substituted groups at the 3-position of the steroidal nucleus were synthesized. Their biological activity against cancer cell proliferation was determined with multiple cancer cell lines. Aza-B-homocholestane derivatives possessing 3-hydroxyl, 3-hydroximino and 3-thiosemicarbazone groups displayed remarkable cytotoxicity to cancer cells via apoptosis inducing mechanism. Compounds 5, 10, 12, 15 and 18 exhibited better potency to inhibit cancer cell proliferation. In addition, compound 15 was further evaluated with three dimensional (3D) multicellular spheroids assay to determine its potency against spheroid growth. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) generated in the studies is valuable for the design of novel chemotherapeutic agents.     

Resolvin D1, a Metabolite of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid,Decreases Post-Myocardial Infarct Depression

We hypothesized that inflammation induced by myocardial ischemia plays a central role in depression-like behavior after myocardial infarction (MI). Several experimental approaches that reduce inflammation also result in attenuation of depressive symptoms. We have demonstrated that Resolvin D1 (RvD1), a metabolite of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) derived from docosahexaenoic acid, diminishes infarct size and neutrophil accumulation in the ischemic myocardium. The aim of this study is to determine if a single RvD1 injection could alleviate depressive symptoms in a rat model of MI. MI was induced in rats by occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery for 40 min. Five minutes before ischemia or after reperfusion, 0.1 μg of RvD1 or vehicle was injected in the left ventricle cavity. Fourteen days after MI, behavioral tests (forced swim test and socialization) were conducted to evaluate depression-like symptoms. RvD1 reduced infarct size in the treated vs. the vehicle group. Animals receiving RvD1 also showed better performance in the forced swim and social interaction tests vs. vehicle controls. These results indicate that a single RvD1 dose, given 5 min before occlusion or 5 min after the onset of reperfusion, decreases infarct size and attenuates depression-like symptoms.     

长白猪Plin3、Plin5基因克隆及表达规律研究

脂滴包被蛋白3(Plin3)和脂滴包被蛋白5(Plin5)是细胞内脂滴包被蛋白(PAT)家族的成员,在脂滴合成方面具有重要作用。为探究Plin3和Plin5在长白猪中的序列和表达特征,利用PCR技术扩增该基因,采用生物信息学分析两者的序列特征,并利用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测其在长白猪11个不同组织中的表达特征。结果表明,长白猪Plin3序列全长1 403 bp,Plin5全长1 397 bp,两种蛋白二级结构均以α-螺旋为主,无规则卷曲次之,不存在跨膜结构,无信号肽结构,有多个磷酸化位点。检测两种基因在不同组织中的表达水平发现,Plin3在长白猪的11个组织中均有表达,其中在脾脏中的相对表达量显著高于其他组织(P<0.05),肝脏次之;Plin5在脂肪组织中的相对表达量显著高于其他组织(P<0.05),而在大肠和小肠中不表达。本研究为进一步探究长白猪Plin3和Plin5在脂质代谢中的作用机制提供了理论依据。