紫外线杀灭营养液中黄瓜枯萎病病菌试验

设计、试制了一种可以用于无土栽培循环营养液消毒的紫外线消毒系统,并对其杀灭黄瓜枯萎病病原菌的性能和效果进行了实验室研究。先将黄瓜枯萎病病原(Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cucumerinum)菌株接种于PDA培养基上,培养后将其加入到营养液中进行紫外线照射。通过对紫外线照射前后的病原浓度进行计数,发现紫外线对黄瓜枯萎病病原有较好的杀灭效果。在营养液紫外线透射率(T10)为96.65%、病原浓度为6.87×102conidia/ml、最大流量为36 L/min时,灭菌率为100%;在营养液紫外线透射率(T10)为95.42%、病原浓度为1.14×105conidia/ml、最大流量为36L/min时,灭菌率为100%;在T10降低为11.58%、病原浓度为1.44×104conidia/ml、最大流速为35L/min时,灭菌率也在50%以上。     

两种氟虫双酰胺复配制剂拌种对直播晚稻蓟马的控制效果及水稻生长的影响

为筛选直播晚稻蓟马的防治药剂,采用拌种法在大田试验了两种氟虫双酰胺复配制剂对直播水稻蓟马的控制效果,并考查了其对二化螟、稻纵卷叶螟的兼治效应及对水稻生长的影响。结果表明,48%氟虫双酰胺?噻虫啉SC 4~8 g a.i./kg种子处理拌种,可有效控制水稻苗期稻蓟马危害,药后14天杀虫和保叶效果分别为88.89%~95.03%和85.63%~91.67%,药后21天分别为87.64%~94.49%和78.86%~89.69%;2 g a.i./kg种子处理防效明显下降。同时,对二化螟具有兼治效果,并可刺激稻苗生长,提高水稻生长后期结实率和产量,而对稻纵卷叶螟防效较低。10%氟虫双酰胺?阿维菌素SC 1.5~3 g a.i./kg种子拌种对二化螟具有较好的控制效果,对稻蓟马和稻纵卷叶螟防效较低。因此,48%氟虫双酰胺?噻虫啉SC 4~8 g a.i./kg种子处理拌种可推荐用于水稻苗期稻蓟马和二化螟防治,而10%氟虫双酰胺?阿维菌素SC拌种处理不宜用于水稻苗期稻蓟马治理。     

高产优质玉米杂交种毕单10号的选育

毕单10号是毕节地区农科所于1993年用自选玉米自交系W260作母本、自选玉米自交系411作父本杂交组配而成的杂交玉米新品种, 2000年12月经毕节地区农作物品种审定委员会审定,2003年7月21日经贵州省农作物品种审定委员会审定。该品种高产稳产,品质好,抗逆性强,适应性广。1999～2002年示范推广25733.3hm2,增产玉米1676.21万kg,增值1609.16万元,社会经济效益极为显著。     

Iridoid, phenylethanoid and flavonoid glycosides from Sideritis trojana

From the MeOH extract of Sideritis trojana, a new iridoid glycoside, 10-O-(E)-feruloylmelittoside (1) was obtained in addition to four known iridoid glycosides [melittoside (2), 10-O-(E)-p-coumaroylmelittoside (3), stachysosides E (4) and G (5)]. Moreover, five phenylethanoid glycosides [verbascoside (6), isoacteoside (7), lamalboside (8), leonoside A (9), isolavandulifolioside (10), three flavone glycosides (isoscutellarein 7-O-[6'-O-acetyl-β-allopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-glucopyranoside (11), 4'-O-methyisoscutellarein 7-O-[6'-O-acetyl-β-allopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-glucopyranoside (12), 3'-hydroxy-4'-O-methyisoscutellarein 7-O-[6'-O-acetyl-β-allopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-glucopyranoside (13) and a benzylalcohol derivative (di-O-methylcrenatin) were obtained and identified. The structures were elucidated on the basis of NMR and HRMS data. All compounds were tested for their antioxidant activity by in vitro TEAC assay and some of them exhibited moderate activity (0.97-1.44 mM) when compared with the reference compound (quercetin 1.86 mM). Glycosides 6-13, the most active compounds in the TEAC assay, were also tested by flow cytometry to evaluate their ability to affect the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human prostate cancer cells (PC3).     

Stem respiration is influenced by pruning and girdling in Pinus sylvestris

Abstract

Stem respiration was measured in the growing season (June to July) and in the dormant season (October) to detect cambial activity induced by pruning live branches or girdling stems in Scots pine trees (Pinus sylvestris L.) growing in northern Sweden. Immediately after the treatments, the treatment:control ratio of stem respiration increased to between 1.38 and 1.44 in the pruning treatment and between 1.17 and 1.20 in the girdling treatment. The treatment:control ratio of stem respiration then decreased by the end of July, to 0.65 in the pruning treatment and 0.55 in the girdling treatment. In October, the treatment:control ratios were higher: between 0.87 and 0.97 in the pruning treatment and between 0.85 and 0.97 in the girdling treatment. In both pruning and girdling treatments, the time trends of stem respiration rates largely followed those of stem temperatures: the stem respiration rate increased exponentially with an increase in stem temperature. The Q ₁₀ values were 2.83–4.05 and 2.57–2.89 in the pruning treatment and control, and 2.10–2.60 and 1.99–3.19 in the girdling treatment and control, respectively. In most cases, the values of Q ₁₀ in both treatments did not differ significantly from those in the controls.     

草莓FaMYB10蛋白互作验证及启动子克隆

本研究旨在探究光信号如何调控草莓花青素苷合成的分子机制,利用同源克隆法从3个不同颜色的草莓品种(‘红颜’,‘桃熏’,‘白雪公主’)中分离得到FaMYB10基因及其启动子序列,采用酵母双杂交系统验证FaMYB10的转录激活能力及其与FaCOP1的蛋白互作关系,利用红颜草莓FaMYB10基因的启动子序列构建酵母单杂交诱饵载体pHIS2-ProFaMYB10,并验证其在酵母Y187中的自激活现象。结果表明,经测序显示3个不同颜色的草莓品种FaMYB10基因的CDS区域序列完全一致为702 bp,但是在启动子区域存在不同差异。酵母双杂交实验表明Fa MYB10在Y2HGold中存在转录激活能力,FaMYB10同FaCOP1存在蛋白质与蛋白质互作关系。在Y187宿主内,发现当3-AT浓度达到60 mmol/L无法抑制FaMYB10基因启动子带来的自激活现象。本研究结果为理解草莓通过光信号传导调控下游FaMYB10,进而影响花青素苷合成的分子机制提供一定理论参考。     

Genetic variation in bitter pit and fruit calcium concentrations within a diverse apple germplasm collection

Summary Genetic variability in the apple [Malus] fruit disorder bitter pit and fruit calcium concentrations ([Ca]) was determined in 25 seedling families at each of two sites from 1999 to 2000 and again for one site, in 2001. Most trees were free of pit or had low pit incidence, which could be approximated by an over-dispersed binomial distribution. A genetic component to external and internal pit incidence was found across both sites and all years. This effect was irrespective of the use of several cropping factors, average fruit weight or fruit mineral concentrations as covariates in the analyses. Year and/or site always had substantial effects on pit incidence. Interactions of genetic effects with site or year were also detected with large differences in mean pit incidence between sites or years for some families but not others. No relationship was found between mean family pit incidence and mean family [Ca] or mean family harvest date. However fruit [Ca] and harvest date were usually important predictors of within-family variation in pit incidence. For any one seedling, family had the largest effect on bitter pit incidence followed by site and [Ca] and the smallest effect was that of harvest date. [Ca] showed a strong genetic component and estimated family means of [Ca] were consistent at different sites and years. These results suggest that susceptibility of apple genotypes to bitter pit in breeding programmes may be best assessed through screening across multiple sites and seasons. Fruit [Ca] might be useful as an indirect selection index for bitter pit within, but not among families.     

生长因子FGF10转基因本氏烟草植株的获得及其表达分析

成纤维细胞生长因子10(FGF10)具有非常重要的科研和医疗价值,但其目前有限产量难以满足市场需要,而植物生物反应器能为解决这一问题提供切实可行的途径.本研究构建了由组成型强启动子CaMV35S驱动且人工修饰的FGF10基因植物表达载体,通过农杆菌介导法将其导入本氏烟草基因组中,利用筛选标记基因Bar进行草铵膦抗性筛选...     

氮沉降对湿地松林土壤呼吸的影响

为了阐明湿地松林土壤呼吸对氮沉降响应的变化规律以及氮沉降是否改变土壤呼吸温度敏感性系数,运用LI-8100开路式土壤碳通量测量系统测定模拟氮沉降4种不同处理水平[0、5、15、30 g/(m2?a)]下湿地松林(Pinus elliottii)的土壤呼吸速率及土壤温、湿度。结果表明：湿地松林土壤胡须呈明显季节变化,7月最高,1月最低。各处理土壤呼吸年累积量为：对照(CK)[5.28±1.02 t/(hm2?a)]、低氮[LN 4.51±0.64 t/(hm2?a)]、中氮[LN 4.66±0.51 t/(hm2?a)]和高氮[HN 4.20±0.43 t/(hm2?a)]。全年对照处理土壤呼吸速率平均值为CK[1.44±0.28 μmol/(m2?s)]比各氮沉降处理LN[1.20±0.17μmol/(m2?s)]、MN[1.24±0.13μmol/(m2?s)]、HN[1.11±0.11μmol/(m2?s)]高16.6%、13.8%、22.9%。土壤呼吸速率与10 cm土壤温度呈显著相关正指数关系(P<0.01),相关性指数(R2)在0.6049~0.7557之间,湿地松林在各处理氮沉降下温度敏感性系数分别为LN(1.72)、MN(1.75)、HN(1.79)同对照(2.35)相比有降低趋势。土壤呼吸与5 cm土壤湿度之间呈二次方程关系,但相关性不显著(P>0.05)。研究表明,氮沉降是影响湿地松林CO2通量的一个重要因子。     

10kV配网工程三项带电作业工序的探讨

为了减少因故障停电影响客户用电,近几年在10kV配网施工中大力开展了带电作业。文从10KV施工及施工管理工作经验出发,对10KV带电施工作业的几项常见施工作业操作步骤进行整理和总结。