接种溶磷真菌对玉米和大豆根际细菌群落结构多样性的影响

Application of phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms （PSMs） has been reported to increase P uptake and plant growth. However, no information is available regarding the ecological consequences of the inoculation with PSMs. The effect of inoculation with phosphate-solubilizing fungal （PSF） isolates Aspergillus niger P39 and Penicillium oxalicum P66 on the bacterial communities in the rhizospheres of maize （Zea mays L. ‘Haiyu 6＇） and soybean （Glycine max Merr. ‘Heinong 35＇） was examined using culture-dependent methods as well as a culture-independent method, polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （PCR-DGGE）. Compared with the control, the number of culturable microbes for soybean was significantly greater with P39, whereas for maize, the same was significantly greater with P66. In addition, a greater number of microbes were found in the rhizosphere of maize compared with soybean. The fingerprint of DGGE for 16S rDNA indicated that inoculation with PSF also increased bacterial communities, with the P66 treatment having higher numbers of DGGE bands and a higher Shannon-Weaver diversity index compared with P39; the composition of the microbial community was also more complex with the P66 treatment. Overall, complex interactions between plant species and exotic PSMs affected the structure of the bacterial community in the rhizosphere, but plant species were more important in determining the bacterial community structure than the introduction of exotic microorganisms.     

转人MCP和CD59双基因小鼠的制备

采用显微混合注射的方法制备转人MCP(膜辅因子蛋白)和CD59(膜反应性溶解抑制物)双基因小鼠,共注射478枚受精卵,移植于21只受体,其中14只受孕,8只受孕小鼠中途流产,从6只受孕小鼠获得18只仔鼠,经检测,其中9只仔鼠单基因阳性(50％),6只仔鼠双基因阳性(33．3％)。结果表明：通过显微混合注射的方法可以获得转人MCP和CD59双基因小鼠。     

烤烟漂浮苗深栽中层环状施肥技术

随着烤烟漂浮育苗技术的普及，用传统的移栽营养袋苗时，烟农在塘中施入农家肥和化肥，然后拌塘移栽的老办法来栽漂浮育苗，出现了烧苗、高脚苗、蹲塘不长等诸多问题。因为漂浮育苗育出的烟苗根系集中，并且是大量裸露，肥料拌塘移栽后，部分肥料直接接触须根，在浇水后，水溶解了化肥，在根系周围形成了一个高浓度肥液，     

绵羊Granulysin在大肠杆菌中的表达与鉴定

根据GenBank中公布的绵羊Granulysin基因序列设计引物,用PCR法从重组质粒中扩增出含BamHI/XhoI酶切位点的Granulysin片段,双酶切后克隆至pGEX-4T-1载体,构建重组原核表达质粒pGEX-Granulysin,转化宿主菌大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),经IPTG诱导进行表达,SDS-PAGE鉴定,表达的融合蛋白分子量约为41 kDa,并以包含体形式存在。     

南方森林土壤溶解有机碳与土壤因子的关系

采用TOC-5000A总有机碳仪测定了福建主要森林类型土壤溶解有机碳(DOC)的含量，分析了土壤溶解有机碳与土壤因子的关系。结果表明：南方酸性森林土壤中，DOC与有机碳总量、全氮、全磷、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾等养分因子之间呈极显著或显著的正相关关系，因而可以作为评价土壤肥力性状的生物学指标。土壤DOC与土壤中有机络合态铁、有机络合态铝和活性轻基铝之间呈权显著或显著的正相关。土壤中有机碳是影响土壤中铝和铁的溶出及迁移的一个重要因子。土壤DOC与pH值之间在一定的范围内呈权显著的负相关关系，因而土壤中铝的吸附、保持及溶解铝的排出受到溶液中DOC的强烈控制。土壤DOC与交换性铝之间无显著相关性。表2参14     

灌溉施肥--节本增效的好办法

灌溉施肥是指在微灌(主要指滴灌)条件下,将施肥与灌溉结合起来的一种新型农业技术.它是将水和肥料融为一体,通过低压管道系统与安装在末级管道上的灌水器,使肥液以较小的流量均匀准确地直接输送到作物根部附近的土壤表面或土层中,使植物同时得到水和养分的供应.     

草炭溶解态有机物质与Pb2+、Zn2+络合稳定性研究

用离子交换平衡法对两种有机质样品与Pb2+、Zn2+的络合配位数和稳定常数测定结果表明,两种介质条件下,金属离子与HA、FA络合稳定常数序列均为Pb2+＞Zn2+,但络合配位数序列相反.随介质pH的增大,络合配位数、稳定常数均有不同程度的增大.同种金属离子与不同有机质的络合稳定性均满足:M-HA＞M-FA.     

土壤结构组成对K+运移障碍因子的定量研究

With six packed columns composed of <1 μm and 5 μm~0.25 mm fractions from an Eum-Orthic Anthrosol (Columns 1~6) and one column of the Eum-Orthic Anthrosol (Column 7), K⁺ transport experiments under the condition of saturated steady water flow were conducted to qualify the effects of soil texture composition on the retardation factor (R) of K⁺ transport. The results showed that the retardation factor of K⁺ transport in the tested soil columns greatly increased with increasing clay contents. In an attempt to use pedo-transfer function (PTF) approach in the solute transport study, a preliminary PTF was established through the six packed columns (Columns 1~6) with soil basic data including soil bulk density, volumetric water content and clay content to predict the retardation factor, and proved valid by the satisfactory prediction of R in Column 7.     

CW-MFC系统启动过程中溶解有机物的荧光光谱解析

为判断CW-MFC反应器运行状态提供一种简单且快速的监测方法,利用三维荧光光谱法研究人工湿地-微生物燃料电池耦合系统（CW-MFC）启动过程中溶解性有机物（DOM）的光谱特征。结果显示CW-MFC反应器启动阶段的循环进水周期内类蛋白质峰荧光逐渐变弱,说明反应器内部微生物有较好的活性,而类腐殖质和类富里酸峰荧光呈现逐渐增强的趋势。同时,随着驯化时间的推移,在连续流进水周期内系统的输出电压基本维持在300 mV左右,COD、NH₄⁺-N、TP的平均去除率也逐渐趋于稳定,分别为82.66% ± 4.47%、73.52% ± 6.95%和55.42% ± 8.59%。并通过比较反应器的出水中DOM组分荧光强度得分值,发现从启动到稳定运行的过程中反应器内部微生物的活性和代谢逐渐稳定,说明利用三维荧光光谱技术判断反应器是否运行稳定具有可行性。