云南光壳稻亲和性品种的筛选与鉴定

以ＩＲ３６等１１个灿稻品种和秋光等８个粳稻品种为测验种，对毫梅、毫秕等１２个云南光壳稻亲和品种的亲和谱和亲和力进行了鉴定。结果表明，在供试的１２个云南光壳稻亲和品种中，品种毫秕对１０个灿稻和７个粳稻测验种表现亲和，亲和组合百分率最高（８４．２％），亲合组合百分率在６０％以上的还有毫梅（７５．０％）和镰刀谷（６８．４％）；亲和力最好的是大白糯，其与灿、粳测验种表现亲合的各组合的Ｆ１平均小穗结实率为７     

小麦/小麦秆锈菌亲和性互作的组织病理学及超微结构研究

利用化学显微技术和生物电镜技术，系统地研究了小麦秆锈菌在感病寄主上发育过程的组织学及超微结构特征。结果表明：小麦秆锈菌的发育过程可分为几个明显的阶段：孢子萌发和芽管形成，附着胞的形成和气孔下囊的分化，初生侵染菌丝和次生侵染菌丝的形成和生长，吸器母细胞和吸器的形成，夏孢子床和夏孢子堆的产生。小麦秆锈菌菌丝沿着细胞壁生长和蔓延．菌丝顶端细胞原生质稠密，代谢旺盛；吸器母细胞形成在细胞壁周围，吸器产生在细胞里面，呈指状，吸器外同和细胞膜区域有吸器外问质的存在。小麦秆锈菌发育早期，小麦细胞一直保持正常；而在发育后期，小麦细胞发生了质壁分离，叶绿体片层受到破坏。     

Design of compatible processing and analyzing system for nuclear signals

To on line detect, store and process nuclear signals with multiple forms and multiple frequencies, a compatible processing and analyzing system for nuclear signals based on ultrahigh speed data acquisition card was constructed. When the source signal is at pulse form, the system records signal with the mode of time digital converting. When source signal is at continuous form, the system records signal with the mode of analog digital converting. The processing procedures and algorithms were designed for various signal forms. The results for nuclear random process such as correlation function and power spectrum were effectively obtained.     

Use of androgenesis in intersubspecific hybrid rice breeding

Significant differences of callus induction, green plant regeneration and culture efficiency were observed among restorer lines and their hybrids in rice. Average callus induction percentage of F₁, hybrids was about twice that of their parents. Twenty doubled haploid (DH) lines that showed normal fertility with both indica and japonica CMS lines, were selected as widely compatible restorers (WCRs). TG8 derived from CPSLO17/Minghui 63 not only showed normal fertility to both indica and japonica test varieties and CMS lines, but also exhibited superior agronomic traits, in particular short plant, desired plant type, high tillerability, large panicles, good grain quality and resistance to rice blast disease. Strong heterosis for yield was observed in crosses between indica or japonica CMS lines and TG8. TG8 possessed a dominant, widely compatible gene (WCG) that was inherited from the variety CPSLO17. Results confirmed that the anther culture technique is a quick and effective way of developing widely compatible restorers in rice and that it is applicable to the direct use of intersubspecific heterosis with the three-line method.     

Breeding of widely compatible restorer lines in rice (Oryza sativa L.) through anther culture

Following anther culture of various F₁ hybrids of indica restorer (R) lines/wide compatible varieties (WCVs) and japonica R lines/WCVs, the homozygous diploid plants (2n) generated were test-crossed with indica WA type cytoplasmic-genetic male sterile (CMS) line Zhanshan 97A (WA), indica testers Nanjing 11 and Nante, japonica BT CMS line Hanfeng A (BT), and japonica testers Balilla and Akihikari to identify widely compatible restorer lines. The results of this study showed that among the diploid pollen plants generated from F₁ hybrids of indica R lines/WCVs, 36.7% and 64.7% possessed normal fertility restoration ability (rate of seed-setting > 80%) to Hanfeng A and Zhanshan 97A, respectively. 71.3% and 32.3% had normal fertility restoration ability to Hanfeng A and Zhanshan 97A, respectively, in diploid pollen plants derived from the japonica R lines/WCVs F₁'s anther culture. Several widely compatible R lines were selected from anther culture of F₁ hybrids of indica R lines/WCVs and japonica R lines/WCVs. These widely compatible R lines derived from diploid pollen plants showed good wide compatibility and restoration ability both to WA and BT type CMS lines. Strong standard heterosis of major agronomic traits and yield traits was observed in F₁ test-crosses of widely compatible R lines with Hanfeng A and Zhanshan 97A. The wide compatibility in widely compatible R lines H17, H158 and H281 was studied by a set of three-way crosses. Segregation of the fertile plants with seed-setting rate > 70% and semi-fertile plants with seed-setting rate > 69.9% agreed with a ratio of 1:1, indicating that wide compatibility in these widely compatible R lines is governed by a pair of major genes. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

水稻广亲和品种与籼、粳稻的亲和力遗传分析

分析了广亲和品种02428,CP—SLO_(17)和轮回422与籼、粳稻杂种F_1、F_2及F_3世代亲和力与颖尖色的遗传特点,结果表明,具有一个广亲和品种的组合,F_1花粉育性与结实率正常,均在70%以上,F_2结实率呈连续变异,但主要分布在60～80%区域,平均结实率65.1%,F_3育性变异度与F_2基本一致,但平均结实率有明显提高。两个广亲和品种间杂交后代育性显著提高,F_2结实率低于60%的单株较少,而不含广亲和品种的组合F_1表现半不育,F_2呈正态分布,平均结实率43.4%,主要分布在40～60%之间。以上说明广亲和基因是存在的,广亲和力既受主效基因支配,也有微效基因参与作用。颖尖色出现3∶1或9∶7分离,有色颖尖与高结实率连锁明显,因此,颖尖色可以作为选择广亲和基因的标记性状。     

自卸车用发动机适应性改进研究

从自卸车使用工况的特殊性出发,结合实例提出,为满足自卸车的使用要求,发动机及离合器、空压机、起动机等附件应采取一系列适应性改进措施。     

黑龙江省水稻纹枯病菌菌丝融合群判定及遗传多样性分析

从黑龙江省27个县市采集分离到77个水稻纹枯病菌菌株,经显微镜观察全部为多核菌株。利用载玻片定位融合法,将分离纯化得到的77个菌株分别与AG1-1A、AG1-1C、AG3、AG5、AG-6和AG-8等6个标准菌株作对峙试验。结果表明,黑龙江省水稻纹枯病菌主要菌丝融合群为AG1-1A、AG1-1C和AG-5,出现频率分别是80.51%、12.99%、2.60%。营养亲合群判别结果表明,77个待测菌株分为23个营养亲和群,其中有11个亲和群由单个菌株独立组成,出现频率为47.83%。遗传变异分析中,当遗传距离为0.6667时,从不同菌丝融合群中选取的15个代表菌株可划分为5个类群,与菌丝融合群判定结果基本一致。     

森林分类经营的理论及其在黑龙江省林区的应用

指出森林分类经营的依据是：林地分工论和林木定向培育论：森工产业结构的合理化：商品林,公益林,多功能兼融林三种经营区的划分,提出分类经营的五项原则是持续发展,生态,经济,多种经济成分相连应发展和加大科教投入的原则。描述了三种经营区的性质,区划条件及在黑龙江省林区区划的结果,并对实践中存在的问题提出了建议。     

马铃薯黑痣病菌菌丝融合群的鉴定

从马铃薯种植区的部分县市分离纯化得到44个马铃著黑痣病病原菌立枯丝核菌（RhizoctoniasolaniKUhn）菌株,经核相测定均为多核菌株。通过与标准菌株AG-1-IA、AG_1-IB、AG_2—1、AG_2-ⅢB和AG．3的菌丝融合试验,最终将44个菌株分为3个菌丝融合群,即AG-3、AG--1-IB和非融合类...