半轴套管热挤压成形工艺数值模拟

通过对半轴套管的工艺分析,基于体积不变原则,采用逆向法计算零件毛坯,确定了热挤压成形工艺方案;结合刚粘塑性有限元法基本原理,运用有限元软件对半轴套管的反挤压过程进行3-D热力耦合模拟。影响半轴套管热挤压成形的主要工艺参数有挤压温度、挤压速度、模具预热温度等。在其他条件相同情况下,分别设置不同的挤压温度、挤压速度、模具预热温度,通过对不同参数模拟结果的分析比较,得出工艺参数对半轴套管成形的影响状况,揭示热挤压成形过程中的金属流动规律。优化的成形参数,提高了半轴套管的成形性能和经济性能。     

Evaluation of Praziquantel effects on Echinostoma paraensei ultrastructure

Echinostomiasis is a food-borne, intestinal, zoonotic, snail-mediated helminthiasis caused by digenean trematodes of the family Echinostomatidae with seven species of the genus Echinostoma infecting humans or domestic and wildlife animals. Echinostoma paraensei is a peristomic 37-collar-spined echinostome belonging to the “revolutum group”.     

Transmission of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus among pigs during transportation from farm to abattoir

The prevalence of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in pigs at abattoirs is higher than in pigs sampled on farms. This study investigated whether MRSA negative pigs can become MRSA positive during transportation from the farm to the abattoir after exposure to other pigs and environmental sources of MRSA. Nasal swabs were collected from four batches of pigs during loading at the farm, on arrival at the abattoir and after stunning. Environmental wipes were taken from lorries after transporting pigs and from lairages after holding pigs. All pigs (n = 117) tested MRSA negative before transportation. On arrival at the abattoir, 12/117 (10.3%) pigs in two batches tested MRSA positive. In lorries that tested positive after transportation, the prevalence of MRSA positive pigs was 21.1%, whereas no MRSA was detected in pigs that had been transported in lorries that tested negative after transportation. At stunning, all batches and 70/117 (59.8%) pigs tested MRSA positive. Pigs can become MRSA positive in the short period of time during transportation from the farm to stunning at the abattoir.     

Horizontal transmission dynamics of White spot syndrome virus by cohabitation trials in juvenile Penaeus monodon and P. vannamei

White spot syndrome virus (WSSV), a rod-shaped double-stranded DNA virus, is an infectious agent causing fatal disease in shrimp farming around the globe. Within shrimp populations WSSV is transmitted very fast, however, the modes and dynamics of transmission of this virus are not well understood. In the current study the dynamics of disease transmission of WSSV were investigated in small, closed populations of Penaeus monodon and Penaeus vannamei. Pair cohabitation experiments using PCR as a readout for virus infection were used to estimate transmission parameters for WSSV in these two species. The mortality rate of contact-infected shrimp in P. monodon was higher than the rate in P. vannamei. The transmission rate parameters for WSSV were not different between the two species. The relative contribution of direct and indirect transmission rates of WSSV differed between the two species. For P. vannamei the direct contact transmission rate of WSSV was significantly lower than the indirect environmental transmission rate, but for P. monodon, the opposite was found. The reproduction ratio R₀ for WSSV for these two species of shrimp was estimated to be above one: 2.07 (95%CI 1.53, 2.79) for P. monodon and 1.51 (95%CI 1.12, 2.03) for P. vannamei. The difference in R₀ between the two species is due to a lower host mortality and hence a longer infectious period of WSSV in P. monodon.     

Simulation model of within-herd transmission of bovine tuberculosis in Argentine dairy herds

Transmission of bovine tuberculosis was quantified in three dairy herds located in south Santa Fe Province, Argentina. Using estimates of Mycobacterium bovis transmission (β) and a Reed–Frost simulation model, the prevalence of tuberculosis infection in the study herds over time was investigated. The Reed–Frost model was modified by incorporating randomness in both β and the incubation period () of M. bovis. The mean estimated herd β was 2.2 infective contacts per year and did not differ significantly between the study herds. Modeling as Poisson distributed (mean 24 months) best fit the observed prevalences. Infection was predicted by the model either to spread quickly (<10 years) within a herd and reach a high prevalence (>50%), or to persist at a low prevalence (<5–10%). The model was robust, predictions were realistic and the mean β estimated was consistent with previous studies of bovine tuberculosis.     

双质量飞轮式扭振减振器对振动的控制分析

介绍了双质量飞轮式扭振减振器的结构特点和对汽车动力传动系统扭振的控制作用。以国产某中型柴油载货汽车为研究对象，建立了2个12自由度怠速扭振系统计算分析对比模型，编制了广义Jacobi算法的计算机程序，进行了双质量飞轮式扭振减振器对汽车怠速振动与噪声控制的计算分析，得到了有实用价值的结果。     

杆身截面积减小对连杆屈曲的影响

以某非道路四缸高压共轨柴油连杆为研究对象,采用由多体动力学与有限元分析结合的方法,研究了工字型杆身截面积参数变化对连杆整体屈服、疲劳安全系数和屈曲的影响规律.结果表明,杆身截面的宽度和厚度参数变化对连杆疲劳安全系数影响最敏感,其次是屈曲.厚度参数变化对连杆屈曲和疲劳安全系数的灵敏度影响相近.当杆身截面横截面积减少率相同...     

紫外线杀灭营养液中黄瓜枯萎病病菌试验

设计、试制了一种可以用于无土栽培循环营养液消毒的紫外线消毒系统,并对其杀灭黄瓜枯萎病病原菌的性能和效果进行了实验室研究。先将黄瓜枯萎病病原(Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cucumerinum)菌株接种于PDA培养基上,培养后将其加入到营养液中进行紫外线照射。通过对紫外线照射前后的病原浓度进行计数,发现紫外线对黄瓜枯萎病病原有较好的杀灭效果。在营养液紫外线透射率(T10)为96.65%、病原浓度为6.87×102conidia/ml、最大流量为36 L/min时,灭菌率为100%;在营养液紫外线透射率(T10)为95.42%、病原浓度为1.14×105conidia/ml、最大流量为36L/min时,灭菌率为100%;在T10降低为11.58%、病原浓度为1.44×104conidia/ml、最大流速为35L/min时,灭菌率也在50%以上。