车架刚度及强度的有限元分析

运用有限元分析的方法,采用合理的模型简化方法及一种新型的连接模拟方式,对某型车车架建立了基于ANSYS的有限元模型。对车架依据法规要求在各种工况下进行了静力学分析,以保证车架具有足够的刚度和强度,并对薄弱部位提出了合理的改进意见,为后续结构的改进和优化提供了理论依据。     

Effect of temperature and compression on the mechanical behavior of steam-treated wood

The mechanical behavior of steamed spruce wood changes dramatically with compression along the grain, the change being much more moderate perpendicular to the grain. The stiffness decrement due to increased temperature is greatest in the tangential material direction. The stiffness decrement due to compression is greatest along the grain. Compression to 80% compressive strain at 131°C inverts the order of the material directions regarding stiffness, the stiffness being the least along the grain. Plastic strain due to compression is greater at higher temperatures. The compression-induced decrement of stiffness along the grain is greater at higher temperatures, but the off-axis decrement of stiffness is less at higher temperatures.     

Effect of moisture content of members on mechanical properties of timber joints

To investigate the effect of moisture content (MC) of members on the mechanical properties of timber joints, bending tests of precut joints and shear tests of dowel-type joints were carried out using timbers of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) with three moisture conditions: green, kiln-dried with a MC target of 15%, and over-kiln-dried with a MC target of 5%. For the bending test, timbers were processed with a precut processing machine into “koshikake-ari” (a kind of dovetail joint) and “koshikake-kama” (a kind of mortise and tenon joint). A pair of members was jointed together without mechanical fasteners. Bolts (diameter = 12 mm) and nails (diameter = 2.45 mm) were used as dowels in the shear test. Bolted joints were constructed with one bolt and two metal side plates. Two nails and two metal side plates were used for the nailed joint. For precut joints, no clear effect of MC was recognized on maximum moment and initial stiffness. The maximum strength of mechanical joints assembled with kiln-dried wood was changed by the degree of drying. Stiffness of the joints assembled with kiln-dried specimens was larger than that of the joints assembled with green specimens.Part of this study was presented at the 7th International IUFRO Wood Drying Conference, Tsukuba, July 2001     

客车车身骨架强度与刚度的有限元分析

讨论了客车车身骨架有限元模型的建立。对车身骨架结构进行了水平弯曲、极限扭转、紧急转弯和紧急制动工况下的强度、刚度以及模态分析,得到骨架结构的应力、应变、扭矩和弯矩分布情况。最后通过静态应力试验验证该模型的正确性。     

On the use of plate-type normal pressure cells in silos: Part 1: Calibration and evaluation

Pressure cells are measuring devices commonly used in silo research to study loads exerted by a granular material stored against a silo wall. The design of normal pressure cells for use in an experimental silo research project is critical, mainly because measuring errors complicate the interpretation of results. Once the cells have been delivered from the manufacturer to the researcher, they should be calibrated and validated with reference to the measurement of pressure from a granular material against a silo wall. Two related papers deal with a specific plate-type normal pressure cell for use in an installation of three full-scale steel silos with different hopper eccentricities (concentric, half-eccentric and full-eccentric) as part of a silo research project. It was found to be necessary to validate the performance of the cells when measuring pressures in the silos in order to arrive at a solid basis for the interpretation of the pressure measurements in the silo installation aforementioned. This paper presents calibration results from three investigated methods as well as results from a finite element analysis of the plate deflection of the pressure cell which were performed to evaluate the non-linear behaviour of the signal from the cell. Results suggested that the air-pressure calibration method turned out to be the most suitable in this particular case, that a lack of stiffness of the plate cell was revealed and that its boundary constraint conditions were not stable. Amendments were proposed in order to improve the accuracy of measurements. Furthermore, the knowledge acquired from the study of these plate-type cells constitutes the basis of recommendations for another design of pressure cells for which the calibration as well as the interpretations of test results would become simpler.     

发动机悬置软垫刚度对汽车舒适性的影响分析

采用振动传递函数分析和道路试验方法，分析得出某轻型客车车身振动大、舒适性差的原因是发动机悬置软垫刚度偏低，悬置系统最低固有频率低于允许值。提出了提高发动机悬置软垫刚度的2个减振方案，客车发动机悬置系统最低固有频率提高到3．75Hz（在允许值内）的方案1，其振动传递函数的最大幅值明显下降，加权加速度的均方根值比方案2小，可以获得较好的减振效果。     

商用车驾驶室基本动静态特性的数值分析

建立了某大吨位商用车驾驶室的详细有限元模型,对驾驶室的静态弯曲强度和刚度以及扭转刚度进行了计算分析,计算了动态基本特性。根据频率和振型的结果分析,提出了相应的建议,为驾驶室车身设计和生产提供参考依据。     

电动助力转向扭杆刚度及可靠性分析

推导了扭杆有效长度、刚度、可靠性的计算公式;对所设计扭杆的刚度、可靠性进行了分析计算,得出该项目所设计的扭杆在工作过程中稳定可靠,满足其在电动助力转向系统中的使用要求。本文对扭杆在实际应用中的刚度、可靠性问题提出了理论依据,为设计扭杆提供了参考,具有一定的工程应用价值。     

微型客车车身刚度的提升措施

利用有限元分析软件MSC.Marc对微型客车车身钢结构进行了反复的模拟计算,得出了车身在某一频域内的一系列振动模态;结合模态分析结果,提出了进一步的优化设计方案,为车身整体结构的刚度优化设计提供了非常有价值的依据。