贫困地区区域旅游系统对重大机遇的滞后弱响应——以秦岭终南山公路隧道通车后的柞水旅游为例

对贫困地区而言,大交通线在使游客数量猛增从而带来发展机遇时,整个区域旅游系统还存在滞后弱响应问题。柞水县是陕南山区的国家级贫困县,西安附近有名的旅游区,旅游资源丰富,但由于秦岭阻隔以往其旅游业发展缓慢。构建区域旅游系统应激响应概念模型分析发现,面对秦岭终南山高速公路隧道即将通车的重要机遇和通车后的旅游"井喷",区域旅游系统内支持系统及供给系统响应迟滞而无力,国家干线到门口而区域旅游系统内部其它瓶颈因素依然存在,主客双方利益俱损,柞水县失去了一次很好的自身宣传机会。因此,作为贫困县在旅游业发展初期阶段必须在政府强力主导下发挥支持系统的能动性,努力增加产品、服务、基础设施、服务设施及信息等旅游供给,提高旅游服务水平,改善旅游环境和生态环境,充分利用国家交通干线带来的大好机遇。柞水的困境说明,类似情况下地方政府应该未雨绸缪、系统规划,提早科学应对,力图双赢。     

稻谷碎米淀粉性能改良研究初报

试验采用6种不同处理方法对碎米淀粉性能改良作了初步的探讨和研究,结果表明:碎米放置在温度42℃、湿度88%的老化箱内进行人工加速老化11d后,胶稠度由原来的44.67mm下降为33.33mm,胶稠度显著降低,但该方法是否适用于米粉加工还有待在生产实践中进一步验证。     

Stability through years in a non-balanced trial of globe artichoke varietal types

Yield and precocity performance through the years of 10 of globe artichoke (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus) varietal types were evaluated in a non-balanced trial. The varietal types stability was analyzed by four different statistical methods (Fisher's least significant difference, relative yield, consistency of performance and AMMI1) to explore the advantages and disadvantages of each one in selecting stable genotypes with high yield and precocity. All methods identified “Gauchito” as the most stable varietal type for yield, for this reason it is highly recommended in Argentine's cultivation area. With respect to the precocity, “Violeta de Provence” and “Francés” were the most precocious and stable, followed by “53B3” and “Gauchito”. All methods agreed in classified some varietal types as stable or non-stable, nevertheless, LSD rankings were the least consonant with the others. The AMMI1 model could be considered as the most reliable analysis because it summarizes genotype × environment interaction patterns through analysis of variance and principal components, diminishing the possibility of misleading classification of a varietal type.     

Effects of Weak Light on Starch Accumulation and Starch Synthesis Enzyme Activities in Rice at the Grain Filling Stage

Photosynthetic product in rice plant is transported to grains mainly in the form of sucrose. Sucrose in the grains eventually becomes starch through a series of enzymatic reactions [1-2]. The starch weight accounts for 90% of the brown rice [3-4], so the course of the rice grain filling is the biochemical process in which starch is mainly formed, and the factor of light is indispensable at the course. Much research has been conducted to study the influence of the light on the grain starch synt…     

旱作对稻米蒸煮品质的影响研究

选用以IR64为受体的抗旱基因聚合杂交后代的147个新品系为材料,以水作为对照,研究了旱作对稻米蒸煮品质的影响。结果表明：总体上旱作处理下抗旱新品系的胶稠度比水作处理下低,胶稠度越高的品系,旱作胶稠度降低越大;旱作处理下的碱消值比水作的高,碱消值越高的品系,旱作和水作处理下的差别越小;旱作处理下的直链淀粉含量比水作处理下低,随着直链淀粉含量的增加,旱作和水作的差别越大,但在AC较低时,旱作条件下比水作条件下稍高。在糊化温度和直链淀粉含量两性状上,旱作对改善品质是有利的,对胶稠度不利,不过胶稠度较高的品系中也有个别品系旱作处理的胶稠度比水作的相近或稍高,这些品系有望育成抗旱新品种作为旱作品种推广。     

辣椒苗期耐低温弱光鉴定指标研究

为提高辣椒耐低温弱光鉴定方法的客观高效性,以5份具有不同耐低温弱光特性的辣椒为材料,采用营养液水培法,对辣椒苗期耐低温弱光鉴定指标进行了研究。结果表明,与28℃/25℃(昼/夜)、300 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 条件下生长的对照组植株相比,10℃/5℃(昼/夜)、100 μmol·m^-2·s^-1低温弱光处理5 d后的辣椒幼苗叶片的SPAD值、光合系统Ⅱ(PSⅡ)最大光化学量子产量(F_v/F_m)、光化学淬灭系数(qP)和相对电子传递速率(ETR)等光合指标,以及根系长度、根系表面积、根系直径、根系体积和根尖数等均发生了变化,但变化幅度存在品种间差异。28℃/25℃(昼/夜)、300 μmol·m^-2·s^-1恢复生长28 d后,5份材料的叶绿素荧光参数均恢复到正常水平,SPAD值、根系形态、茎叶干重、根系干重、整株干重和根冠比的恢复情况存在品种间差异。低温弱光处理5 d后辣椒幼苗的SPAD值、F_v/F_m和根系直径,以及恢复生长后的茎叶干重、根系干重、整株干重和根冠比等7个指标与冷害指数相关性较高,可作为辣椒苗期耐低温弱光鉴定指标。这些指标可直接通过仪器和软件分析获得,避免了复杂的样品处理和主观判断等因素干扰,实现了简便化、数量化和客观化,可为辣椒耐低温弱光鉴定体系的优化提供参考。     

微酸性有机肥料发酵工艺研究简

为解决在好氧高温堆肥时常出现有机肥料产品pH值过高的问题。为盐碱地改良以及喜酸性作物种植需要,满足有机肥料新标准的要求,开展微酸性有机肥料生产工艺研究。从生产发酵工艺着手,通过需氧情况、原料以及调酸辅料的添加3个方面进行分析,摸索到一条适合工厂化并且简单可操作的发酵生产工艺。研究结果表明,通过添加味精下脚料调酸辅料,并且经过间隙性发酵达60d,能够获得符合标准的有机肥料产品,并在腐熟后7d左右时间均符合微酸性肥料要求。     

不同盐浓度的混合盐对雪菊品质的影响研究

为探究不同浓度及配比的混合盐处理对构成雪菊品质的主要成分黄酮、绿原酸、茶多酚、总糖及氨基酸的影响,将NaCl,Na2SO4、KCl、K2SO4、NnHCO3、Na2CO3按4种比例混和并依次设置为（0,50,100,150,200mmol/L的5个浓度梯度处理雪菊幼苗至开花末期并测定雪菊5种成分的含量,结果表明浓度为50mmol/L的低浓度混合盐对雪菊主要品质的影响较小;浓度为100mmol/L。的混合盐处理可提高雪菊黄酮、茶多酚的含量;浓度为150,200mmol/L。的高浓度混合盐处理会明显抑制雪菊总糖、黄酮、绿原酸、氨基酸和茶多酚含量,进行雪菊栽培时盐含量为100mmol/L。的土壤对雪菊品质的形成影响较小同时有利于黄酮、茶多酚的含量提高。     

由“中梁刚度放大”到“强柱弱梁”

通过对“中梁刚度放大”系数取值的不同观点的辩驳,分析楼板在框架体系中的作用,阐述“柱铰机制”形成的机理并提出如何实现“强柱弱梁”的建议和方法。     

Apparent nutrient digestibility and excreta quality in African grey parrots fed two pelleted diets based on coarsely or finely ground ingredients

A feeding trial was performed to study the influence of particle size in extruded parrot pellets on apparent digestibility and excreta consistency and pH. Two test diets were alternately provided to eight African grey parrots according to a 2 x 2 cross-over design. Both diets were similar in nutrient content and ingredient composition but differed in particle size of the composing particles of individual pellets. Apparent digestibility of macronutrients was studied using the total collection method. Next, the appearance of the excreta was studied by calculation of weight-surface ratio of individual excrements as an objective measurement of consistency. Last, excreta pH was measured directly on fresh excrements and on homogenized 10% excreta solutions. Neither apparent digestibility coefficients nor excreta pH values were significantly different in parrots fed the two diets. However, excreta consistency was significantly (p < 0.05) more solid when fed the coarse diet than when fed with the finely ground diet. The results of this study suggest that excreta consistency can be improved through larger particle size, without adverse effects on nutritive value of the diet.