CORRELATION BETWEEN YIELD,MUST ATTRIBUTES AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF THE GREEK RED WINE GRAPE VARIETY ‘AGIORGITIKO’

The appropriate tissue and sampling time for the Greek wine-grape variety ‘Agiorgitiko’ nutritional diagnosis was to be evaluated by relating leaf tissue nutrient contents with the yield and must potassium (K), pH, total soluble solids (TSS), and titratable acidity (TA). At bloom, véraison and harvest, leaves opposite the basal cluster (LOBC) and youngest mature leaves (YML) were harvested, and soil and berry samples were collected from six vineyards in Nemea, Greece. Petiole K concentration of the LOBC was found to be better correlated with the yield, TSS, TA and must K than the blade or whole leaf K content; the contrary was observed in nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) concentrations. The LOBC reflected better the nutritional status of the variety compared to the YML. Regarding the sampling time, petiole K presented stronger correlations with yield and must K, TSS, TA at harvest whereas N and P at bloom and véraison.     

Influence of photosynthetically active radiation levels and fertilizer sources on production and acclimatization of Brassaia actinophylla endl. 1/

Production light levels [1900, 1140 and 380 μE˙m^‐2 ˙s^‐1 photosynthetically active radiation (PAR)] and fertilizer treatments [Osmocote (18N‐3P‐10K) 12 g/15 cm pot, soluble. (20N‐6P‐17K) 480 ppm N weekly and combination of soluble 240 ppm N weekly plus Osmocote 6 g/pot] influenced growth parameters and elemental tissue content of Brassaia actinophylla in a 3×3 factorial experiment. Growth index, chlorophyll content and plant grade were greater in plants grown under medium and low PAR intensities (1140 and 380 μE˙m^‐2 ˙s^‐1) and when produced with the Osmocote fertilizer treatment. Inter‐nodal length decreased as production PAR levels increased. Analysis of leaf tissue indicated that decreasing PAR intensities produced an increase in N, P and K and a decrease in Mg. Calcium was unaffected.     

无核葡萄胚挽救试管苗驯化移栽体系优化

【目的】研究炼苗移栽过程中生根粉溶液浸根时间、营养液处理、开始通风时间及遮阴处理对无核葡萄胚挽救苗炼苗及移栽的影响,探索胚挽救试管苗炼苗移栽技术。【方法】以2011年与2012年无核葡萄胚挽救杂交育种后代试管苗为材料,研究生根粉溶液浸根时间、炼苗过程中是否添加营养液、揭开保湿罩时间以及移栽大田过程中遮阴对胚挽救苗炼苗及移栽的影响。【结果】1.0mg/L生根粉溶液浸泡根系3min时植株各项生理指标较好且成活率最高;移栽过程中添加1/8 MS营养液一定程度上抑制了植株的长势;炼苗初期保湿时间为4d时炼苗成活率最高;移栽至温室或大田中时一定程度的遮阴处理有利于移栽成活率的提高与植株的生长发育。【结论】无核葡萄胚挽救试管苗炼苗前生根粉浸根处理3min、炼苗时添加1/8MS营养液、炼苗后4d开始通风以及移栽时进行遮阴能提高胚挽救试管苗的生物积累量和成活率。     

鄂西红豆离体培养及植株再生研究

【目的】对外植体采用特殊处理方法,并对不同培养时期的基本培养基进行调整,以建立高效、快速、繁殖系数高的鄂西红豆再生技术体系。【方法】以成熟度为80%的鄂西红豆种子为外植体,通过向培养基中添加不同质量浓度和配比的植物生长调节物质,筛选适宜的芽诱导培养基、继代增殖培养基、壮苗培养基和生根培养基,并对诱导生根培养的试管苗进行炼苗移栽,观察其成活率。【结果】最适芽诱导培养基为MS+6-BA 0.5 mg/L+KT0.5mg/L+NAA 0.5mg/L+维生素B10.1mg/L+蔗糖30g/L+琼脂6.5g/L+活性炭1.5g/L,诱导率达85%;最适芽继代增殖培养基为WPM+6-BA 1.5 mg/L+KT 0.3 mg/L+TDZ 0.02 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L+蔗糖30g/L+琼脂6.5g/L+活性炭1.5g/L;无根苗壮苗培养基为WPM+NAA 0.5 mg/L+IBA 1.0 mg/L+IAA 1.0mg/L+蔗糖30g/L+琼脂6.5g/L+活性炭1.5g/L。当无根苗生长到4~5cm时形成完整植株并转接到生根培养基上诱导生根,最适生根培养基为1/2WPM+IBA 0.5mg/L+NAA 1.5mg/L+新型基因诱导生根剂0.05mg/L+蔗糖30g/L+琼脂6.5g/L+活性炭1.5g/L。【结论】建立的鄂西红豆再生技术体系可获得75%~85%的正常萌芽,生根率达85%以上,瓶苗移栽成活率达90%。     

‘农科180’番茄种苗组织培养规模化繁育技术研究

以‘农科180’番茄种子为材料,研究其无菌萌发的条件与方法,并以其无菌苗的茎尖、子叶和下胚轴为外植体,研究不同培养基对其无菌株系建立的影响,同时探讨适合其芽苗增殖的培养基。结果表明,种子浸泡10~15h后采用10%(v/v)的次氯酸钠消毒20min,可以获得整齐的无菌苗;不同的外植体诱导产生不定芽所用的培养基不同,其中适合子叶诱导不定芽的培养基为MS+2.0mg·L-1 BA+0.5mg·L-1 IAA,适合茎尖诱导不定芽的培养基为MS+0.1mg·L-1 BA+0.1mg·L-1 IBA;番茄芽苗增殖以MS+0.1mg·L-1BA+0.1mg·L-1 IBA增殖的效果较好。     

铁皮石斛组培苗生根条件优化研究

以铁皮石斛无菌幼苗为材料,在不同生根培养基中添加不同配比的生长调节物质、香蕉汁、马铃薯汁以及活性炭,研究其对铁皮石斛组培苗生根效果的影响。研究结果表明,生根培养基为:1/2 MS+6-BA 0.2 mg/L+10.0%香蕉汁+10.0%马铃薯汁+NAA 0.4 mg/L+2.0%蔗糖+0.04%活性炭,生根条件为光照强度2 000 lx、琼脂用量7.0 g/L、培养基p H为5.8是最适宜条件。     

植物组织培养寻求最佳培养基的方法研究

植物组织培养技术在植物的个体发育、器官再生和生理代谢等理论研究中已成为一种重要手段,最佳培养基的寻找,是组培成败的关键。从基本培养基和植物生长调节剂入手,植物组织培养最佳培养基的研究方法由传统的定性研究转向现代的定量研究,加快寻求最佳培养基的步伐。     

Cultured meat from muscle stem cells:A review of challenges and prospects

Growing muscle tissue in culture from animal stem cells to produce meat theoretically eliminates the need to sacrifice animals. So-called "cultured" or "synthetic" or "in vitro" meat could in theory be constructed with different characteristics and be produced faster and more efficiently than traditional meat. The technique to generate cultured muscle tissues from stem cells was described long ago, but has not yet been developed for the commercial production of cultured meat products. The technology is at an early stage and prerequisites of implementation include a reasonably high level of consumer acceptance, and the development of commercially-viable means of large scale production. Recent advancements in tissue culture techniques suggest that production may be economically feasible, provided it has physical properties in terms of colour, flavour, aroma, texture and palatability that are comparable to conventional meat. Although considerable progress has been made during recent years, important issues remain to be resolved, including the characterization of social and ethical constraints, the fine-tuning of culture conditions, and the development of culture media that are cost-effective and free of animal products. Consumer acceptance and confidence in in vitro produced cultured meat might be a significant impediment that hinders the marketing process.     

应用组织培养技术快速繁殖香荚兰

比较系统地研究了香荚兰的组织培养技术。通过“丛生芽的诱导”和“微型扦插”年增殖可达千倍以上。比较了不同细胞分裂素对香荚兰增殖率的影响。以培养50天的增殖率计,氨基嘌呤(6-BA)的效果最佳(279.5％),玉米素(Zea)次之(206.8％),激动素(KT)效果最差(140％)。以2毫克/升浓度的BA增埴率最高。香荚兰容易生根,几种生长素对香荚兰都有促根作用。以吲哚丁酸(IBA)的效果最佳,培养17天生根率达100％,吲哚乙酸(IAA)次之(86.7％),NAA更次之(71.4％)。对照不加生长素最差(57.1％)。IBA以0.5毫克/升浓度的处理效果最好。     

Elimination of bacterial ring rot (Corynebacterium sepedonicum [Spieck. and Kotth.] Skapt. and Burkh.) by in vitro culture of sprout tissue

Summary Apical explants from sprout tissue, cultured in vitro, of potato tubers (cv. Russet Burbank) infected withCorynebacterium sepedonicum were demonstrated to be free of the pathogen. The material remained free of the pathogen through three in vitro generations and through two tuber generations produced from the in vitro plantlets. Contribution 3878878.