盐胁迫下小麦叶片电阻抗与生理特性的关系

采用溶液培养方法,研究NaCl胁迫下小麦叶片电阻和电抗的变化特征及其与保护酶(CAT、POD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)、相对电导率、含水率和可溶性糖含量等生理参数的关系。结果表明:随着盐浓度的递增,小麦叶片的胞外电阻、弛豫时间先增加后减小,而胞内电阻和弛豫时间分布系数先减小后缓慢增大,过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、含水率和可溶性糖含量逐渐减小,MDA含量和相对电导率逐渐增加;胞外电阻re与弛豫时间τ呈极显著正相关;除CAT活性,其余生理参数与胞外电阻re和弛豫时间τ显著或极显著相关。叶片的胞外电阻和弛豫时间比较接近地反映了细胞生理性质的变化,能够表征盐胁迫的程度。     

电磁振动排种器振动特性的理论分析

排种器是播种机械的核心,是决定播种机性能的主要因素。在设计排种器时,首先要对其进行振动特性分析,找出影响排种器排种性能的因素,并作为后续设计的理论依据。为此,介绍了电磁振动排种器的工作原理,并对其振动特性进行了理论分析,从而为电磁振动排种器的设计提供了理论依据。     

水稻锌营养高效基因型的生理特性

采用HEDTA螯合缓冲营养液培养法,研究了水稻锌营养高效基因型IR34、IR36、IR8192和锌敏感基因型IR26、测64 7、碧玉早糯在不同锌离子活度（pZn2+>11.5,11.3, 11.0, 10.6, 10.3, 9.7）下的生理特性。结果表明,锌离子活度在对不同水稻基因型秧苗生理特性影响上有明显的区别,其中叶绿素含量、光合速率、MDA含量和根系H+分泌量差异比较明显。在供锌水平较低情况下,水稻锌营养高效基因型叶绿素含量下降速度慢,光合速率降低幅度小,MDA含量升高的幅度小,根系能分泌更多的H+,这些指标可以作为衡量水稻锌营养效率的指标。     

基于DUS测试性状的玉米标准品种形态多样性分析

利用DUS测试指南中的36个形态性状对53份玉米标准品种进行形态性状多样性的分析。结果表明,本研究所选用的玉米标准品种具有较为丰富的形态变异,36个形态性状在53个玉米标准品种中检测到193个等位变异,平均每个性状检测到5.361 1个,有效等位变异平均为3.575 6个(1.121 4~6.834 5),平均Shannon-Weaver多样性指数为1.309 4(0.253 5~2.046 1)。聚类分析结果表明,53个标准品种间的形态性状多样性丰富,相似系数介于0.74~0.85,具有标准品种性状描述的示例和校正作用;取相似系数0.80为阈值,可将53份玉米标准品种分为31类,由此可将标准品种的数量调减为31个。     

基于趋势面分析法的地质灾害危险性评价系统

针对地质灾害危险性定量评价存在的问题,以山西省绛县地质灾害危险性评价为例,依据研究区地质灾害特点,在地理信息系统基础上尝试运用趋势面分析法对地质灾害危险性评价进行了研究。结果表明,用该方法得出的结果与研究区地质灾害实际情况相符合。说明运用趋势面分析法对地质灾害危险性评价是可行的,可为解决地质灾害危险性区划提供新的理论方法。     

Study on Dynamical Characteristic of Epicyclic Gear Drive with Internal Tooth

The epicyclic gear drive with internal tooth is analysed,a dynamic analysis model which is based on the compatibility conditions of deformation is set up.On the basis of this model,the analysis of dynamics and kinematics is made,and the influence of design parameters on dynamical characteristic is also studied.     

基于图像处理的杂草叶片识别参数研究

杂草种类繁多、危害严重,对杂草种类进行精确识别,可以提高除草效率,减少除草剂使用量,降低其对环境的污染.为此,应用图像处理的有关技术,以杂草叶片为研究对象,以形态、纹理和颜色特征相结合的方法来描述杂草叶片信息,提出了共16个特征参数可对杂草叶片信息进行精确描述,该特征参数可区别不同种类的杂草,为农药的精确投放和现代施药装备的开发奠定基础.     

Fluvial sediments in the Alagxa Plateau as a dust source: iron mineralogical and geochemical evidence

The Alagxa Plateau, in the margin of the northeastern Tibetan Plateau, is one of the most important dust source areas in East Asia, and the widespread sandy desert in the area is important both as a reservoir and a source of eolian silty. The northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau is one of the most actively-growing mountain belt on earth, and has large amounts of debris, with masses of fine grained material, which were continuously mobilized and deposited in the Alagxa Plateau by rivers, forming broad alluvial fans. It is possible that the role of fluvial sediments as a source of silty dust in the Alagxa Plateau has been underestimated. In this study, we test this hypothesis by investigating the iron mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of the fluvial sediments and the surface material of the sandy desert in the Alagxa Plateau, and comparing them with paleo-eolian dust deposits(loess) in the adjacent Chinese Loess Plateau(CLP) to investigate the possible linkages among the fluvial sediments, sandy desert and the last glacial loess of the CLP. The results show that sandy desert typically have high contents of goethite, and high ratios of goethite to hematite, similar to the fluvial sediments in the Alagxa Plateau. Based on the major element characteristics, field investigations and the results of previous studies, we found a genetic link between the silt component of the fluvial sediments and the sandy desert in the Alagxa Plateau with high value of Gt(goethite) and similarity of the Gt/(Hm(hematite)+Gt) ratio. But the silt component of the sandy desert main come from the adjacent fluvial sediments. The iron mineralogical characteristics(χ(magnetic susceptibility), χARM(anhysteretic susceptibility), SIRM(saturation isothermal remanent magnetization) and SIRM_(AF100 mT)(SIRM demagnetized at 100 mT)) of the CLP samples overlap with those of the fluvial sediments in the Alagxa Plateau, but there is a mismatch with the sandy desert samples. This suggests that the fluvial sediments are the source of a large amount of silty material which could be transported to the CLP. Therefore, we conclude that the fluvial sediment in the Alagxa Plateau is an important source of eolian silt, which is deposited in downwind region, and that this source has been previously underestimated.     

铝毒胁迫对两种基因型油菜苗期根系形态及生理特性的影响

运用水培法研究铝毒胁迫下两种基因型油菜苗期根系的生长特征及生理响应。结果表明,铝毒明显抑制了两种油菜根系总长、根表面积、根直径和根体积,且随着Al3+胁迫浓度的增加和处理时间的延长抑制效果增强,但湘杂油二号的根系生长受抑制相对较轻。两种基因型油菜根系的MDA含量、质膜透性、根系活力大小均在50 µmol/L Al3+处理时与对照差异不显著,100和200 µmol/L Al3+处理使MDA含量、质膜透性迅速上升,根系活力下降,且胁迫14d的伤害程度大于胁迫7d。在胁迫7d时,两种基因型油菜根系的SOD、POD和CAT活性整体上均呈上升趋势;当胁迫延长至14d时,二者的SOD活性增幅减少,POD和CAT活性呈下降趋势。Al3+胁迫促进了两种基因型油菜根系脯氨酸的积累,在7d和14d时铝毒处理的脯氨酸含量均高于对照;胁迫7d时根系可溶性蛋白含量和抗坏血酸含量先增加后下降,胁迫14d时两者均随着Al3+浓度增加而下降。由此可见,与浙双758比较,湘杂油二号的根系通过相对较高的保护酶活性及非酶保护物质含量来增强对铝毒的抗性。     

绿盲蝽膜结合型海藻糖酶ALTre-2基因表达、纯化及酶学特性

以绿盲蝽为材料,在前期获得绿盲蝽膜结合型海藻糖酶(ALTre-2)基因的基础上,构建了ALTre-2原核表达载体(pET28a-ALTre-2),经IPTG诱导表达、变性、复性和蛋白纯化后,获得具海藻糖酶活力的重组蛋白,最后在以海藻糖为底物及重组蛋白浓度为1.1 mg·mL-1的条件下,对纯化得到的重组ALTre-2蛋白进行活性检测,确定了其酶促反应的最佳pH和最适温度.试验结果表明:ALTre-2基因在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中能够高效表达一个约60 kD大小的蛋白,SDS-PAGE显示该蛋白以包涵体形式存在,经变性、复性及蛋白纯化获得了具海藻糖酶活力的重组蛋白;该重组ALTre-2蛋白在pH为7.0时活性最高,同时重组ALTre-2蛋白酶活性最适温度是50℃.研究结果为深入探讨绿盲蝽膜结合型海藻糖酶分子调控机制奠定基础.