Performance of ponderosa pine seedlings under four herbicide regimes in northeast Oregon

The herbicide, hexazinone, was applied four ways over ponderosa pine, 2–0 seedlings planted in northeast Oregon. The four treatments were two broadcast applications, a single broadcast application, a large spot application, and a small spot application. Seedling survival and growth were monitored for five growing seasons. Results indicate that survival more than doubled with either large or small spot applications compared to no application, and either one or two broadcast applications can increase survival an additional 30% over spot applications. Differences in stem volume were substantial, with two broadcast applications yielding more than twice the volume of a single broadcast treatment and more than five times the volume of seedlings treated with spot applications. Trees in small spots were still three times bigger than surviving seedlings in the control. These results are consistent with the concept of competition threshold. Management implications were considered in terms of cost of established seedlings. Although broadcast applications cost more per acre than spot applications, gains in seedling survival, growth and quality offset the additional cost and translate into lower established seedling costs. The cost effectiveness of broadcast applications also may be seen in the elimination of replanting or in-planting requirements and increases in long-term growth potential of the established trees.     

嗜酸乳杆菌微胶囊的热稳定性及热动力学研究

为了使嗜酸乳杆菌微胶囊得到较好的应用，并为其保质期提供理论依据，根据其活菌数，对嗜酸乳杆菌微胶囊的热稳定性和热动力学进行分析研究。结果显示：在试验温度为45～60℃下，微胶囊的失活常数随温度的升高逐渐增大，90%微胶囊中的菌失活所需要的时间(D)分别为140.85 h、64.52 h、31.06 h及14.40 h，且在45～60℃范围内，D值变化90%时的温度变化量(Z)为15.20℃；利用Arrhenius方程计算出表观活化能(E)为124.43 kJ/mol。     

草坪草茎枝扦插研究

阐述了以本特一号、狗牙根茎枝作扦插材料，采用单品种、间作和混作方式在春、秋季扦插的草坪成活率高、成坪周期短、覆盖度大、投入成本低。省工、省料，环境、经济和社会效益好。通过试验发现了本特一号、狗牙根不定根起源和生长发育机理，阐述了扦插草坪的新方式技术，发展和丰富了草坪扦插的理论和技术方法。     

影响红松嫁接苗造林成活率的因素分析

通过选取不同立地条件进行红松嫁接苗造林试验,分析影响红松嫁接苗造林成活率的关键因素,结果表明:除了嫁接苗质量问题导致造林成活率低以外,造林地选择和造林质量也是制约造林成活率的主导因子;因地制宜,适地适树,才能保证红松嫁接苗有较高的造林成活率。     

长白山阔叶红松林乔木幼苗年际动态及影响因素

以长白山原始阔叶红松林样地为平台,对样方中胸径1 cm的乔木幼苗进行监测,基于2006—2014年的调查数据对该群落中乔木幼苗的物种组成、数量特征、新生与死亡动态以及影响幼苗存活的因素进行分析。结果表明:1)群落乔木幼苗近10年物种组成变化较小,每年都可以监测到9个常见种。2)幼苗个体的大量萌发和大量死亡导致群落乔木幼苗数量有较大的年际变化,其中最多年份幼苗密度可达38.9 株/m2,而最少年份仅有3.8 株/ m2。3)不同年份群落乔木幼苗年龄组成中1年生幼苗数量最多,部分年份略有差异。随着幼苗年龄的增加,幼苗数量不断减少。幼苗总体数量同幼苗新生数量动态变化是一致的,幼苗死亡的峰值较幼苗总体峰值有1年的时滞。4)群落水平上幼苗存活与同种大树胸高断面积和林冠开阔度呈显著正相关,与异种幼苗邻体呈显著负相关。群落中幼苗个体大量萌发和大量死亡的现象证明该群落存在明显的更新限制,在一定程度上有利于群落的物种共存。近10年的幼苗监测有助于我们更加准确地认识群落更新过程,因而长期的动态监测十分必要。      

海水鱼类室内育苗与室外育苗对比试验

为建立一套海水鱼类人工育苗技术,分别采用室内水泥池、室外对虾高位池以及室内水泥池与室外对虾高位池相结合的育苗方法进行美国红鱼、花尾胡椒鲷等鱼类人工育苗试验。结果表明:室内水泥池育苗成活率为11%～98 8%,室外对虾高位池育苗成活率最高为6%,室内外相结合育苗的成活率为37 5%～73%。采用前期室内人工培育,幼苗体长约10mm移到室外对虾高位池培育,既可提高育苗成活率,又可降低育苗成本,是目前值得推广的育苗方法。     

Nursery rearing of kalbasu, Labeo calbasu (Hamilton), at different stocking densities in outdoor concrete tanks

The growth and survival of kalbasu, Labeo calbasu, was evaluated at stocking densities of 5, 10 and 15 million spawn ha⁻¹ in nursery rearing in concrete tanks of 50 m², each for a period of 25 days. Survival of fry was density dependent and significantly higher (54.5%) at 5 million ha⁻¹ than those at 10 million ha⁻¹ (50.1%) and 15 million ha⁻¹ (46.9%). Similarly, growth and specific growth rate were inversely related to the stocking density and varied significantly among the three densities.     

福建酸竹造林母竹的选择

福建酸竹造林成活率与其母竹的各器官结构特征发育息息相关 .侧枝型大 ,根系总重大 ,根系分岔级数多 ,且竹鞭上壮芽数丰富的 2～ 4年生竹株移栽易成功 ,尤以 2年生竹株为好     

牡丹嫁接成活率试验研究

进行牡丹嫁接成活率试验,结果表明:嫁接时间早、采用贴接法、选择适应强的品种、以牡丹根作砧木进行嫁接繁殖,在一定程度上能提高嫁接成活率。     

退耕还林地人工幼林抚育技术

选择立地条件相似，人、畜干扰严重的4块退耕还林地块，营造胡桃楸和落叶松人工林。造林后3a内，分别采用常规造林抚育和林农复合经营抚育进行人工幼林管理。每年秋季进行成活率及苗木生长情况调查，并对4个地块人工林林地物理性质进行研究。结果表明：林农复合经营显著提高幼林保存率，促进苗木生长。并对土壤的物理性质产生一定程度的改善作用。本研究为退耕还林等易遭干扰造林地的造林提供了理论依据。