益蒲灌注液毒性实验研究

目的:考察益蒲灌注液对小鼠、大鼠急性毒性和长期毒性。方法:用90g/kg剂量益蒲灌注液灌胃小鼠进行急性毒性实验,观察动物的一般状况;用1.5g/kg、15g/kg剂量给大鼠连续灌服56 d,观察其对大鼠的生长发育、血常规和血清生化指标等影响。结果:急性毒性实验小鼠无一死亡;长期毒性实验结果显示益蒲灌注液处理组大鼠体重、血液学指标、脏器系数和血清生化指标与空白对照组比较均无明显差异。结论:益蒲灌注液的临床拟用量是安全的。     

中药穴位注射对奶牛胎衣不下的疗效观察

奶牛产后胎衣不下对奶牛业造成极大的经济损失。本试验旨在研究一种简便易行、成本低、高效的非手术治疗方法。本试验应用当归及复方丹参注射液经百会穴及交巢穴注射,使胎衣排出率达100%,用药后的当年受孕牛占96.2%。可见,此方法可以有效治疗奶牛产后胎衣不下并能提高奶牛的当年受孕率。     

EM发酵玉米秸秆和青贮玉米秸秆对奶牛生产性能的对比试验

本试验应用EM发酵玉米秸秆和青贮玉米秸秆饲喂奶牛,以观察两种方法处理的玉米秸秆对奶牛生产性能及经济效益的影响效果。结果表明,用EM发酵的玉米秸秆饲喂奶牛较青贮玉米秸秆饲喂奶牛,每天每头奶牛采食量提高1.03%,平均产奶量提高2.02%,经济效益提高0.13元;EM原液发酵的玉米秸秆和青贮玉米秸秆1∶1混合饲喂奶牛,每天每头奶牛采食量、平均产奶量、经济效益分别比饲喂青贮玉米秸秆的奶牛提高2.85%、2.99%和1.15元。     

从羊皮肤组织中提取总RNA方法的改进

在借鉴动物组织RNA提取方法的基础上,结合使用RNAlater保存液和Trizol试剂,改进了提取步骤和反应体系。利用改良的总RNA提取方法,从羊皮肤组织中快速、高效地提取了高质量总RNA,提取的总RNA可满足基于RNA分析技术的相关分子生物学试验需要。     

泡沫消毒剂在养殖场的临床应用研究

为考察泡沫消毒剂对鸡场的消毒效果,选取洛阳周边一家蛋鸡场进行试验。将戊二醛苯扎漠鞍溶液按1 : 100倍稀释,使用自吸式泡沫清洗一体机进行消毒,分别考察泡沫消毒后30 min对地面、墙面和料槽的消毒效果,结果表明,使用泡沫型消毒剂戊二醛苯扎漠钱溶液以1 : 100倍稀释消毒30 min后,消毒效果在99.93%以上,消毒效果良好,这种泡沫消毒方法值得临床推广应用。     

NaOH溶液脱绒对白羊草种子活力的影响

[目的] 探究NaOH溶液脱绒处理对白羊草（Bothriochloa ischaemum）种子活力的影响,为机械化播种提供便利条件。[方法] 分别利用浓度为10%、20%、30%、40%、50%（W/V）的NaOH溶液对白羊草种子进行脱绒处理0（CK）、1、5、10、15 min,分析其对发芽率（Gp）、发芽指数（Gi）、平均发芽时间（MGT）、幼苗活力指数（SVI）的影响,筛选白羊草种子NaOH溶液脱绒的最佳条件。[结果] NaOH溶液浓度及处理时间均对白羊草种子活力具有极显著（P<0.01）影响。相同处理时间下,白羊草种子脱绒1~10 min后Gp、Gi随NaOH溶液浓度的增加而增加,脱绒1 min和10 min后SVI随着NaOH溶液浓度的增加而增加,脱绒5 min后SVI随NaOH溶液浓度的增加呈先降低后升高的趋势,脱绒15 min时Gp、Gi和SVI随NaOH溶液浓度的增加呈先升后降的趋势;在20%~50%的NaOH溶液浓度下,脱绒后白羊草种子Gp、Gi和SVI随处理时间的增加呈先升后降的趋势。经NaOH溶液脱绒处理后白羊草种子的MGT均高于CK。[结论] 适宜浓度的NaOH溶液浸种能有效脱去白羊草种子表面的绒毛,提高白羊草种子的活力。浓度为50%的NaOH溶液浸种5 min对白羊草种子活力的促进效果最好。     

Infrared spectroscopic study of alkaline oxygen treatment of lignin with ATR technique in aqueous state 1: method for determining quantitative spectra of oxygen-degraded lignin

For the fundamental study of oxygen delignification of kraft pulp, structural changes of kraft lignin during alkaline oxygen treatment were investigated with the use of infrared measurement with attenuated total reflectance (ATR) technique. In the neutralized reaction mixture of alkaline oxygen-treated kraft lignin, there is a significant amount of NaCl, so that the spectral changes of water due to the coexistence of NaCl was investigated, and how to remove the huge absorption of NaCl solution is discussed. Sodium vanillate–NaCl solutions were employed as model solutions for the reaction mixture. Partial least square (PLS) regression was applied for the prediction of NaCl concentration, and the spectrum of NaCl solution was subtracted from the spectrum of sodium vanillate–NaCl solution as background measurement. This allowed us to obtain the vanillate spectra free from the absorption of NaCl solution. In addition, the mathematical method for reconstructing the spectrum of NaCl solution is discussed. The spectrum of NaCl solution is reconstructed as the linear combination of basic spectra calculated by singular value decomposition (SVD), and it was subtracted from that of the sodium vanillate–NaCl solution. By this procedure, the vanillate spectra were also obtained quantitatively, as has been demonstrated in PLS regression study. It was also confirmed that the quantitative spectra of high molecular weight fraction of alkaline oxygen-treated kraft lignin were obtained by the use of this reconstruction technique.Parts of this report were presented at the 52nd Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Gifu, Japan, April 2002 and the 12th International Symposium on Wood and Pulping Chemistry, Madison, USA, June 2003     

扁穗牛鞭草组织浸出液对潜在混生种萌发及幼苗的影响

采用生物检测的方法研究了扁穗牛鞭草根、茎、叶水浸液对潜在混生种的化感作用。结果表明,扁穗牛鞭草根、茎、叶水浸液对牧草种子萌发的化感作用大体包括延迟和抑制萌发2种方式;不同浓度的化感物质对幼根和幼苗伸长的影响表现为促进、抑制或多种作用并存,0.100%和0.200%浓度的茎、叶水浸液使白三叶幼根扭曲畸变,0.200%浓度根水浸液使紫花苜蓿叶片变小皱缩。经初步试验表明,扁穗牛鞭草较理想的混生种是红三叶。     

安疫肽、肽好、高免多糖对雏鸡免疫功能的影响试验研究

对免疫新城疫、法氏囊和处于免疫抑制状态的雏鸡使用安疫肽(Compound amino acid solution,VESPRO solution)(饮水、注射)、肽好(Immunoglobulin powder,IG powder)(饮水)、高免多糖(Astragalus Polysaccharide powder,APS powder)(饮水),测定新城疫免疫、法氏囊免疫后的各免疫学指标、抗体水平、白细胞介素产生及免疫抑制鸡群白细胞介素产生、抗体水平。结果表明,肽好组、安疫肽饮水组对脾脏、法氏囊、胸腺的发育有较显著的影响,其中安疫肽饮水使用效果最佳,高免多糖有提高法氏囊指数的作用。安疫肽、肽好、高免多糖均对提高抗体水平较好,安疫肽饮水、注射及高免多糖,均能在提高抗体水平的基础上提高整齐度。     

农村畜禽疫病防控存在问题及解决方案

畜禽防疫工作事关人们身体健康、畜禽行业健康稳定发展。该文分析农村畜禽疫病防控现存问题,提出相应的对策。