寒地城市广场设计计划

作者对北方寒冷城市的广场设计问题进行了分析研究,并提出了一些观点和想法,对北方城市广场的设计问题提出一些新的思路。     

林区公路线形设计浅谈

本文作者结合自己多年的工程实践,对林区公路线形设计进行了论述,并提出了一些理论与实践相结合的方法。     

机械零件二维与三维一体化设计程序的开发

介绍了在AutoCAD设计系统中,机械零件二维与三维一体化设计程序的开发方法。利用这个方法,设计者在完成机械零件三维模型设计后,可以快速获得零件施工图。     

浅谈屋面形式与防水卷材的应用及施工

为了保证屋面工程的功能和质量，屋面防水技术的提高与应用尤为重要，本文叙述了屋面形式和防水技术的应用，提醒工程施工人员在屋面防水施工中应注意的事项。     

林区公路设计中容许弯沉值的计算分析

目前,林区公路大多为就地取材的中、低级路面,因而结构设计很少,而厚度设计则是主要的内容。在厚度设计中,是根据对公路整体强度的要求来确定各结构层厚度的,确定的依据就是路面容许弯沉值。一、容许弯沉值及其计算公式容许弯沉值指标一般应在大量调查的基础上,根据林区公路的现状和可能的条件,考虑林业经济发展对林区公路将来的要求,而提出相应的数值。国内外通过大量的调查试验和研究,认为容许弯沉值主要由交通量数值确定。一般来说,等级越高的公路,通过的交通量也越大,但考虑到不同等级公路的不同的要求,不完全是体现于交通量;同时现在采用的路面类型越来越多,不同类型的路面对变形有不同的适应能力,如目前较多采用的     

Critical discussion of perpendicular to grain tension testing of structural timber – case study on the European hardwoods ash,beech and maple

ABSTRACT

Knowledge about perpendicular to grain tension behavior of wood is essential, since in construction tension stresses perpendicular to grain cannot be avoided completely. Especially for hardwoods, the data basis is scarce. EN 338 design values are with 0.6 N/mm² characteristic strength set very low. The US-American National Design Specifications even set this value to zero and make local reinforcements mandatory. This paper compares strength and stiffness values attained with newly-designed, little, prismatic specimens and EN 408 structural timber specimens to evaluate the current European design values. Little specimen’s characteristic strength values range from 7.2 to 10.6?N/mm² and are assumed to be real material properties. EN 408 specimen values are with approximately 4.0?N/mm² lower. These lower values are mainly due to stress peaks introduced by the force introduction. Strength values attained for the medium-dense European hardwoods beech, ash and maple exceed EN 338 design values by a factor of six to seven. Adaptation of the EN 338 design value is not recommended, though. The abundance of influencing factors makes clear that the design value and the ensuing design code have to be synchronized carefully by tedious testing in order to make use of the perpendicular to grain tension strength potential of the selected hardwoods.     

应用正交设计进行矮牵牛组培苗生根条件的筛选

采用正交设计方法对矮牵牛组培苗生根的条件进行筛选。试验表明1/2MS+BA 0.1 mg.L-1+IBA 0.8 mg.L-1+NAA 3.0 mg.L-1,蔗糖30 g.L-1的培养基对矮牵牛组培苗生根最有利。     

Walnut demonstrates strong genetic variability for adaptive and wood quality traits in a network of juvenile field tests across Europe

Adaptive and wood quality trait data were collected and analyzed on commercially available Juglans regia and J. regia×J. nigra provenances and progenies planted across Europe in a multi-site network. A total of 19 seed sources, replicated 35 times per site, were planted at 13 sites from 5 European countries, encompassing the potential distribution area of timber production plantation sites. The following traits were evaluated: survival, height, diameter at breast height, stem form, apical dominance, vegetative budbreak, along with biotic and abiotic damage. Mean values were significantly different both among provenances/progenies and sites. Most common damage was late spring and early autumn frost. Bud break ranking was significantly correlated with provenance and progeny origin. Although J. regia is fast growing, southern European early budbreak plant material should not be planted under most middle European conditions where late spring frost can be expected, as it has a significant negative impact on architectural (and thus wood quality) traits. Hybrid J. regia×J. nigra progeny performed better than J. regia provenances/progenies for most traits measured. Differences were significantly in favor of hybrids at sites with medium to low fertility, although some locally selected seed sources tended to perform as well as hybrids on high fertility sites.     

广州花园酒店空间改造与优化设计研究

在城市化进程快速发展的同时,一批城市高档酒店迅速崛起,导致城市早期建成的知名酒店因更新步伐较慢,而逐渐失去竞争力。因此建设时间较早、已明显老化的酒店迎来了更急迫的发展挑战。如何优化酒店原有的生态价值和人居环境,提升酒店的服务体验与综合发展成为重要的研究课题。以广州花园酒店为例,利用“道法自然”“以人为本”的设计思想,从优化酒店公共空间序列、完善景观层次、丰富植物种类及色彩、提升景观群落韵律等方面,提出酒店景观空间的优化、改造与再利用措施,力求提升酒店的竞争力。     

木材激光烧蚀设备总体结构设计

飞秒-纳秒量级脉冲激光烧蚀材料表面技术广泛应用于机械微加工、外科手术、生物分子质谱以及艺术品修复和清洁等领域。基于该技术,从激光烧蚀设备的结构、传动类型、部件选型、技术措施等方面对设备样机进行设计。