不同覆盖材料对幼龄胶园土壤温度的影响

研究比较5种不同覆盖物(薄膜覆盖,秸秆覆盖,1 cm、2 cm、3 cm生物材料覆盖)与裸地(CK)在每个季节3个不同土层深度(5、20、40 cm)的土壤温度。结果表明:5 cm土层(四个季节)以及20 cm土层(春季和夏季)的土壤温度,薄膜覆盖与裸地无明显差异,均明显高于秸秆覆盖,1 cm、2 cm和3 cm生物材料覆盖;40 cm(春季)、20 cm(秋季、冬季)和40 cm(秋季、冬季),5个处理的土壤温度与裸地无明显差异;40 cm(夏季),薄膜覆盖,1 cm、2 cm和3 cm生物材料覆盖,土壤温度与裸地无明显差异,均显著高于秸秆覆盖。     

人工林生态系统稳定性研究综述

在总结国内外稳定性研究的基础上,对人工林生态系统稳定性的概念、内涵和外延,人工林树种的自我维持,多样性和稳定性理论,人为干扰与稳定性的关系,人工林生态系统稳定性指标体系和研究方法等进行综述,指出应加强干扰对人工林生态系统稳定性影响的研究,以及人工林树种和品系选择、组合和搭配技术的研究,提高人工林的遗传多样性、物种多样性和系统多样性,优化人工林生态系统的结构与功能。     

我国茶园土壤的酸化及其防治

本文就近年我国茶园土壤酸度的演化趋向,茶园酸化对土壤肥力及茶树生理的影响作了较详尽的阐述,分析了茶园土壤酸化的原因,并针对我国具体情况提出了防治茶园土壤酸化的改良措施。     

采脂资源变化与技术革新

本文论述了我国马尾松松脂资源变化的趋势，指出我国南方主产脂区马尾松成、过熟林已所剩无几，本世纪末中龄马尾松人工林将成为采脂的主力军，但采脂技术水平低下，管理落后.针对上述问题提出了适合于中龄林采脂的新技术及集约化中龄林采脂基地管理新体系.     

暖温带中山区日本落叶松纸浆用材林初植密度的研究

对河南省五马寺林场17a生6种密度日本落叶松试验林调查数据进行分析并做经济效益对比.结果表明,胸径、保存率、单株材积和冠幅均表现出随初植密度增加而减小的趋势;而其当年高、树高、枝下高和公顷蓄积量则随着密度的增加而增加.且在日本落叶松生长的初期,由于林分没有郁闭,树木个体间的竞争很小,密度效应不明显,随着林龄的增加,到8a(1997)时密度在生长量上的差异才逐渐的表现出来,到17a(2006)生时,密度对生长量的影响达到极显著的程度.由经济效益分析知,密度A2的净现值最大,其效益成本比(BCR)和内部收益率(IRR)分别为4.82和25.35%,因此,在该地区营造日本落叶松时建议采用3 330株.hm-2的密度,即1.5 m×2.0 m行间距.     

Age structure of Tilia broad-leaved Korean pine forest on northern slope of Changbai Mountain

IntroductionAgestructureoftrees,whichreflcctsrcge11eratio11processandvelocity,meansquantityoftreesdividingbyage.Broad-leavedKoreanpineforestwastl1etypicalzol1alvegetationofChangbaiMountaininNortheastO1ina,anditwastheprimarygymnospermconununitysurvivedaftertheQuatemaryGlacierPeriod.Alotofcommunityinf`)r-mationaccumulatCdinthestr-uctllreofforeststandsa11dgrowingprocessofindividualtrees.So,athoroughstUdyonagestructureanditsdistributiol1ofbroad-leavedKore-anpine.forestwouldprovidetl1eoretical…     

Impact of fixation/drying conditions on fixation rate, teachability and bioefficacy in CCA-C treated red pine and southern pine

Red pine (Pinus resinosia Ait) and southern pine (Pinus spp.) sapwood blocks were pressure treated with CCA-C at retention of 6.4, 2.0, 1.5 kgm^-3 followed by fixation using 11 post-treatment schedules ranging from 50–70 °C and 5 different relative humidity conditions. The effect of these post-treatment schedules on fixation rate, chemical leachability and decay resistant once were evaluated to better understand the effects of fixation/drying conditions on leachability and biodeterioration. Southern pine blocks fixes slightly slower than red pine. Fixation of CCA at high temperature high humidity, essential initially fixation at high humidity for fixation/drying schedules, resulted in lower leaching of chromium and arsenic elements than high temperature low humidity or initially fixation at the high temperature low humidity conditions. Copper leaching was indicated no significant difference under 11 fixation/drying conditions for both species. Weight losses for southern pine byChaetomium globosum was lower than red pine byGloeophyllom trabeum. There were some different capacities of decay resistance for both species under those post treatment conditions.     

异海松酸分离制备的新方法

利用异丁醇胺对异海松酸的选择性结晶特性,采用湿地松松脂蒸馏后得到的新鲜松香,或者采用工厂生产得到的湿地松松香进行热异构使大部分枞酸型树脂酸异构成为枞酸,而后将异海松酸与异丁醇胺反应形成异海松酸的异丁醇铵盐而与其他树脂酸进行分离,再利用复式重结晶法纯化异海松酸铵盐结晶,分解游离得到异海松酸,其得率达到原料松香质量分数的10.1%,纯度达到95.4%,提取率为42.2%.     

南方重大冰雪灾害对福建省建阳市毛竹林的影响及成因分析

以福建省建阳市毛竹林为研究对象,对2008年重大冰雪灾害中毛竹林受灾的成因、危害方式以及与林分结构特征、地形等的关系及未来的影响进行了调查分析。结果表明,海拔高、坡位低、林型简单、林分密度大的毛竹林受灾严重,受灾毛竹的径级分布呈近正态分布趋势。同时探讨了冰雪灾害对人工林生态系统内病虫害、火灾、林下植被、生境因子和种群变化可能产生的影响。     

Effects of seed water content and storage temperature on the germination parameters of white spruce, black spruce and lodgepole pine seed

The effect of seed water content (WC) (2–3, 5–6 and 22–25%, on a fresh weight basis), storage temperature (+4, −20, −80 and −196°C) and storage duration (6, 12, 24, 48 and 60 months) on the germination of white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss), black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) and lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. var. latifolia Engelm.) seed was investigated. Germination of white spruce control (untreated) seeds and seeds adjusted to 2–3% and 5–6% WC declined after 48 months of storage at −80 and −196°C, with a further decline at 60 months at −20, −80, −196°C. Germination remained high when control white spruce seeds and seeds with 2–3, 5–6% WC were stored at +4°C, over all storage durations. Generally, black spruce and lodgepole pine exhibited high germination at all storage temperatures at 2–3% and 5–6% WC as well as the control (untreated) seed, for up to 60 months in storage. Germination declined for all three species when seed was conditioned to 22–25% WC. This loss in germination was partially recovered in white spruce seed stored at +4, −20 and −80°C after storage durations of 24, 12 and 48 months, respectively, and in black spruce seeds stored at −20 and −196°C after storage durations of 24 months. Mean germination time (MGT) was relatively constant for all species, under all conditions, except for seed conditioned to 22–25% WC, where MGT increased for white spruce seed stored 48 months at −80 and −196°C, and for black spruce seed stored 24 months at +4 and −80°C and 60 months at −196°C. These results show that the optimal storage temperatures are 4°C for white spruce, and 4, −20, −80, and −196°C for black spruce and lodgepole pine, and 2–6% water content is optimal for all 3 species at these temperatures.