塔中碳酸盐岩凝析气藏注水注气提高采收率数值模拟研究

塔中Ⅰ号气田缝洞型碳酸盐岩凝析气藏在衰竭式开发下采收率低,需要采取注水注气方式来提高采收率。首先,运用离散裂缝方法针对不同储层类型的理想模型建立了相应概念的地质模型;其次,根据不同储层类型及不同油气藏特征而采取注水或注气开采方式下的采收率进行了数值模拟;最后进行综合对比,得出适用于不同凝析油含量和不同储层类型情况下的合理开发方式。     

Severe hindlimb lameness and pathological femur fracture in a horse secondary to haemangiosarcoma

An 18‐year‐old Warmblood stallion was presented for an acute onset nonweightbearing right hindlimb lameness following a mild lameness of 2 weeks' duration. Severe swelling was present in the right femoral area. Despite extensive diagnostic procedures, no definitive diagnosis could be made. Packed red cell volume was persistently low. The horse improved with supportive treatment and was discharged at the owner's request. The horse presented 4 days later for bleeding from a previously made incision on the lateral femoral area. Due to deterioration of his condition, the stallion was subjected to euthanasia. Diagnosis of disseminated haemangiosarcoma, affecting primarily the hindlimb musculature and leading to pathological fracture of the femur was made at necropsy and subsequent histopathology.     

关于西气东输工程管道止裂问题的思考

管道的断裂分为脆性断裂和延性断裂两大类,随着理论研究的深入和冶金工业的发展,脆性断裂问题已基本解决。而在输送压力和钢材等级提高以后,延性断裂及其止裂成为主要的研究领域。对于止裂问题,着重阐述了缺陷的允许值及临界裂纹长度与起裂、管道止裂的Rudinger试验、Battelle止裂试验和止裂条件,以及定货规范中对CVN值的要求等理论问题。根据我国目前有关止裂问题的理论与实际研究现状,提出了深入开展止裂研究的若干重大建议以及管道试压介质选择必须注意的问题。     

白桦材LT型裂纹的演化与增长行为的研究

该文以白桦为研究对象,利用数字散斑相关技术对白桦LT型裂纹的演化与增长的力学行为进行了实验研究.记录了裂纹尖端局域场形变信息的散斑图像,经过相关运算得出裂纹尖端的位移场分布图,并对含有LT型裂纹的白桦断裂韧度进行了测定.研究结果表明,将数字散斑相关方法应用于白桦LT型裂纹的演化与增长行为的研究行之有效,可以直观再现其裂纹增长与断裂过程的力学特征.裂纹尖端附近有较大变形,应力集中明显.该试验测定的含有LT型裂纹的白桦试样断裂韧度为39.864 MPa·m1/2.     

毛竹纵向力学性质的梯度变化及断口特征

【目的】研究气干竹材的力学特性,为竹材的加工利用提供参考。【方法】使用配备高精度光学引伸计的Instron力学实验机,对毛竹从竹青到竹黄的纵向力学性质进行了精确测定。【结果】毛竹竹壁径向不同位置的力学性质差异很大,近竹青处的平均纵向弹性模量和抗拉强度分别达到25.41 GPa和297.21 MPa,远远高于近竹黄处的5.78 GPa和65.80 MPa,且从竹青到竹黄呈明显的梯度降低趋势。毛竹薄片的断裂为脆性断裂,近竹青处为顺纹理的纵向劈裂,竹中处呈现参差不齐的劈裂特征,近竹黄处为平整的横向断裂。【结论】竹材为天然高分子复合材料,其独特的力学特性源于自身组织含量的梯度性变化。     

Successful surgical management of a medial humeral epicondyle fracture in a Thoroughbred foal

A 2-week-old 75 kg Thoroughbred filly was presented for the investigation of an acute forelimb lameness. Radiographs revealed a fracture of the medial epicondylar physis of the left humerus (Salter–Harris type II fracture). The fragment was removed via arthrotomy under general anaesthesia. Two months post-operatively, the foal was sound and at 2 years had resumed normal turn out. This case report describes a previously unreported surgical treatment for a fracture of the medial epicondylar physis in a foal.     

Application of Fracture Mechanics in Explosion of Large Iron and Steel Wastes

The ex plosio n process a n d paramete rs in the blast of large iron a nd steel wastesare analysed by using the theory of fracture mechanice.A three-dimensional model is established us-ing pressurised cylinder with multiple semi-elliptical surface cracks.Reasons are given for the expla-nation that the dynamic fracture toughness for iron and steel is generally lower than the correspond-ing static value during the blast.The importance is emphasized of the critical duration time of the dy-namic stress intensity factor for crack extension.