食品加工技术专业“2121”人才培养模式的研究与实践

为培养食品加工业高素质技能型人才,黑龙江农业经济职业学院食品加工技术专业构建了校企衔接、素质递进"2121"人才培养模式。通过综述"2121"人才培养模式的具体教学计划、实施要求及实践效果,以期通过"2121"人才培养模式的实施,使学生职业技能由单一到综合,职业素质得到明显提升。     

板材变路径多点成形的理论分析与实现

对板材多点成形路径进行了有限元分析并应用于几种典型件的最优成形路径设计，将最优成形路径设计的理论与方法应用于多点成形技术中，采用近似最优路径－多道次多点成形及一次多点成形方法进行板材成形，通过比较两种成形方法成形极限时的变形量，即可检验近似最优路径多点成形的效果。     

预紧扁挤压筒内孔变形分析和修模新技术

提出了“CAE-数据处理-变形曲线拟合-CAM-检验精度”的修模流程;针对其中的关健技术,应用ANSYS有限元分析软件,建立了3层套预紧扁挤压筒的有限元模型,并对其进行了数值模拟;研究了内腔位移分布情况和内孔变形规律,并分段对内孔位移做了多项式曲线拟合;对缝隙度Km对内孔长短轴变形的影响作了分析,拟合出一定条件下内孔位移与Km的多项式插值函数关系式,得出Km的取值范围。为扁挤压筒修模、装配和结构优化、提高精度和效率提供了依据。     

Effect of pH-shifting on the gel forming characteristics of salt-ground meat from walleye pollack

ABSTRACT:   In order to elucidate the mechanism of the changes in gel forming characteristics of fish meat by pH-lowering, the gelation-temperature curve and the gelation-moisture content curve were examined using the acidified walleye pollack surimi or neutralized one after acidification. In the gelation-temperature curve, the gel strength was highest at 30°C and lowest at approximately 50–60°C, irrespective of pH shifting. The gel strength at 30°C and 80°C decreased with the decrease in pH value. The neutralization of acidified surimi improved the gel strength, but it was considerably lower than the original gel strength. The gel strength at 50–60°C was not affected by pH lowering. The gel strength at 80°C could not be revived to the original by pH readjustment, either in the presence or in the absence of EDTA. These results suggest that irreversible changes of meat protein take place under the low pH, and the oxidation ability of sulfhydryl (SH) groups of protein molecule is not affected by pH-shifting.     

Characterization of a cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) rhizobiophage and its effect on cowpea nodulation and growth

A cowpea rhizobiophage (JRW 3 phage) from Jamaican soil was isolated and characterized. The phage has a polyhedral head and a non-contractile tail; maximum adsorption of the phage to the host occurred after 5 min. A one-step growth experiment revealed that the latent period, rise period and burst size of JRW3 phage were 12 h, 16 h, and 28 plaque-forming units/cell, respectively. The JRW 3 phage was highly sensitive to heat, but survived well between pH 5 and 8. The phage was stable in EDTA, though completely inactivated in sodium citrate. Host range analysis showed that 7 of the 40Rhizobium andBradyrhizobium strains tested were sensitive to phage infection. The phage significantly reduced nodule numbers and shoot dry weight of cowpea plants when inoculated with rhizobia in combination with the phage.     

Numerical simulation and experimental investigation of double-stage sheet incremental forming

In order to find a method to reduce excessive sheet thinning in the forming process of small half-apex angle parts by incremental sheet forming, a finite element model (FEM) for simulating double-stage process is developed in ABAQUS. Then, the simulation results, such as sheet thickness distribution and equivalent plastic strain history, are compared with those of single-stage simulation. The effects of double-stage on formability of sheet are discussed. The results show that using double-stage process instead of single-stage in forming parts, the maximum deformation is nearer to the parts’ bottom surface, and the maximum equivalent plastic strain of node A, B, C is reduced by 66.2%, 81.9% and 36.0% respectively. The sheet thickness is better distributed, and the minimum thickness increases by 16%. In addition, double-stage incremental forming can greatly improve the formability of sheet. The simulation results are in a good agreement with experimental results.     

Development of a regeneration protocol through indirect organogenesis in prickly pear cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill)

An indirect organogenesis regeneration protocol for Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill var “Blanco sin Espinas” is described. One centimeter square cladode explants sections from previously micropropagated prickly pear plants were cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with 20 different combinations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) and benzyladenine (BA). The best calli induction and regeneration response were observed when 2.26 μM 2,4-D and 2.21 μM BA combination was applied to the nopal explants. Regenerating calli was capable of forming new buds when transferred to MS basal medium supplemented with 0.5 μM BA (proliferation medium). Shoot elongation and rooting were achieved on MS medium without plant growth regulators. Excellent acclimatization to greenhouse conditions was observed for all transferred plantlets. By this procedure no morphological differences were observed between the regenerated and mother plants. This protocol may be also utilized to carry out plant regeneration after genetic transformation, in order to develop transformed plants without the presence of chimeric zones.     

赤霉素对长白山欧李产量及品质的影响

以3 a生长白山欧李为试材,花后7d对地上部喷施不同浓度的GA3,研究其对长白山欧李坐果及果实品质的影响.结果表明:GA3对提高长白山欧李的坐果率、增进果实品质都有一定的促进作用,其中,以25 mg/kg和50 mg/kg浓度的处理效果较好,坐果率提高了近10％,含糖量及糖酸比均较CK有显著的增加,尤其花后7d喷施50 mg/kg浓度的GA3效果最佳.但高浓度的赤霉素会加重长白山欧李的采前落果现象.     

平邑县山区金银花地产流研究

采用野外模拟人工降雨试验方法对金银花和荒草2种植被条件下坡地产流过程进行了研究.结果表明:覆盖条件是影响产流的重要因素;金银花与草本植物相比具有很高的雨水截蓄能力和改造土壤性状的能力,可以有效推迟坡面的产流时阀;通过对产流曲线的分析可以将产流过程分为3个阶段,即预产流阶段,迅速增长阶段,稳流阶段;快速增长阶段呈现对数增长.