苏北典型滩涂区土壤盐分动态与水平衡要素之间的关系

为获知苏北滩涂区土壤水盐动态行为,从而为后续的节水灌溉和滩涂区农田水管理策略提供理论依据,该文选取典型滩涂区,进行土壤水、盐和地下水埋深的长期连续监测,并根据大丰市气象站提供的降水、地表蒸散数据,对土壤盐分变化和水平衡要素之间的关系进行探讨。结果表明：土壤表层盐分最高,波动最为剧烈,随深度不断增加,盐分逐渐降低,且波动趋缓。试验区夏季降水丰富,蒸散量相对较低,土壤含水率高,地下水埋深浅;冬季降水少,蒸散量较高,土壤含水率下降,地下水埋深较深。地下水埋深和水补充量是0～40 cm土层土壤盐分的主要影响因子;地下水埋深和蒸散量是60～80 cm土层土壤盐分的主要影响因子。地下水盐分是土壤盐分累积的主要来源,降水脱盐作用仅对0～40 cm表土作用显著,蒸发积盐作用则在整个土壤剖面上具有影响。该研究为消减苏北滩涂区土壤盐渍化灾害提供了科学依据,对指导农业生产具有重要意义。     

温室滴灌条件下番茄植株茎流变化规律试验

为探明滴灌条件下温室番茄植株茎流速率变化规律及其影响因素,本文采用Dynamax公司开发的包裹式茎流计观测日光温室番茄植株的茎流变化,研究茎流速率的变化规律及茎流速率监测结果的标准化处理技术,探索植株茎流与气象因子的相互关系,分析水分胁迫对番茄植株茎流速率的影响。研究表明,采用单位叶面积上的茎流速率表征茎流变化规律可在一定程度上降低因探头安装位置不同对监测结果的影响;在充分供水条件下,影响番茄植株茎流速率的主要因子是太阳辐射和饱和水气压差,番茄植株的日茎流速率与太阳辐射呈线性关系,与饱和差呈对数关系（R2＞0.90,P＜0.01）;土壤水分状况会明显影响番茄植株茎流状况,茎流速率随水分胁迫加剧而骤减。研究结果证明番茄植株茎流速率经标准化处理后可以真实的反映植株蒸腾规律。     

农田无线传感器网络的节点部署仿真与实现

应用无线传感器网络进行农田信息采集时,针对农田面积大、传感器节点众多的特点,如何有效地部署节点成为研究的热点之一。利用NS2软件从丢包率、平均延时、剩余能量和接收信号强度等网络性能角度对随机部署、正六边形部署及正四边形部署方式进行了仿真比较,最终确定正六边形部署方案,并在农田中进行实地试验。结果表明系统能够实现无缝覆盖,稳定可靠的采集农田信息,为无线传感器网络在农田环境中的进一步应用提供了参考。     

建立健全科技人员服务企业行动长效机制的探讨

随着世界经济形势继续好转,我国经济也逐渐企稳回升。科技人员在使企业减轻危机,甚至摆脱经济危机中具有重要的作用。该文通过分析影响科技人员服务企业的各个主要因素,探讨建立健全科技人员服务企业的长效机制的一些做法。     

Cross-Sectoral Policy Linkages and Environmental Accounting in Forestry

Abstract

It is important to analyze cross-sectoral policy linkages and to quantify their effects by using the system of integrated environmental and economic accounting in order to ensure effective integration of forestry into national development. This paper reviews relevant policy linkages in the forestry sector, policy applications of forestry accounts, and challenges to their implementation. It argues for the need to develop regional or local accounting methods providing social, environmental, and economic data to allow assessment of the combined impacts of different public policies. It emphasizes the urgency of strengthening the management capacity of public agencies in dealing with complex policy networks addressing sustainable and multifunctional forest management.     

农村留守妇女的现状·成因与干预策略研究

研究了农村留守妇女现阶段的生存现状及其产生的因素,并且针对这些现状提出切实可行的干预措施.     

浅议园林景观工程造价控制

针对园林景观工程造价难以控制的现状以及园林景观工程造价控制存在的问题，分析了影响园林景观工程造价的因素，分别对决策阶段、设计阶段、招标阶段、施工阶段以及竣工养护阶段提出了园林景现工程全过程造价控制的相应对策。     

黑龙江省甜高粱产业发展优势与制约因素分析

随着黑龙江省对甜高粱这种新兴能源作物的产业研究日益重视与深入，越来越多的细节问题浮出水面。如何发挥黑龙江省的地域优势，排除制约甜高粱产业发展的不利因素，成为种植和推广甜高粱作物的重要课题。就黑龙江省甜高粱产业发展的优势与制约因素进行了分析，并提出了相应的解决办法，为黑龙江省甜高粱产业快速、良性发展提供了理论依据。     

乌鲁木齐市大气环境质量及其治理对策

概述了乌鲁木齐市的自然、社会、经济条件，定量地分析了其大气环境质量及主要问题，提出了大气环境目标及其实现的相应对策。     

Sap flow of Castanopsis jianfengensis and its relationship with environmental factors in a tropical montane rainforest

Using thermal dissipation and the ICT-2000TE equipment made in Australia, the sap flow of Castanopsis jianfengensis and various environmental factors were measured simultaneously in a mixed tropical montane rainforest at Jianfengling Nature Forest Reserve (18°369′N, 108°52′E, 860 m elevation) during the dry and rainy seasons of 2002. The results show that sap flow velocity of C. jianfengensis exhibited a monopeak pattern on clear days and a multi-peak pattern on cloudy or rainy days. Sap flow velocity had significant positive correlations with solar radiation, air temperature, vapor pressure deficit and wind speed and a negative correlation with air relative humidity. In the dry season, sap flow velocity had a significant positive correlation with soil temperature and poor correlation with soil moisture; it was the opposite in the rainy season, indicating that precipitation clearly affected sap flow. Linear regression models between sap flow and environmental factors were established and were significant at the 0.005 level of probability. The mean transpiration rates of C. jianfengensis were 103.5 and 41.3 kg/d in our single tree and 1.94 and 0.77 mm/d in stand level in the dry and rainy season, respectively. __________ Translated from the Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2007, 18(4): 742–748 [译自:应用生态学报]