积水在成品油管道中的运动状态

为解决国内成品油管道因积水产生的内腐蚀问题,建立了室内实验环道,通过高速摄像等方法,对低洼-爬坡成品油管段内积水的运动状态进行研究,分析了积水量、油品流速对积水运动状态的影响。结果表明:积水在成品油管道中的运动状态不同于传统的油水两相流,在不同管段呈现不同的流型。由于成品油与积水的密度差较大,在上倾管段中,受成品油携带作用与重力作用的影响,积水在管道底部达到动态平衡,因此难以排出管道。积水在成品油管道中的运动状态研究成果,可为进一步研究积水的排除方法,减少管道的内腐蚀提供实验依据。     

耕地资源警情综合评价——以成都市为例

构建了反映市域研究范围内耕地不安全状况的警情指标体系,采用层次分析法和熵值法确定指标权重,并运用线性加权综合法对1999～2010年成都市耕地资源系统的不安全运行情况进行警情评价。通过警情分析得出结论:耕地占土地面积比例、有效灌溉面积、中低产田面积、单位耕地化肥施用量、单位耕地农药施用量是短期内缓解警情的关键因子。     

生态环境中重金属的化学形态转化及影响因素研究

提出了环境中重金属的化学形态发生转化的2种途径,探讨了影响此转化过程的环境条件,包括pH、氧化还原电位和吸附质表面的键合作用等。     

元谋县咖啡种植现状和发展浅议

简介云南元谋县咖啡种植历史、现状,存在问题,发展潜力和对策。     

Metabolism of flupyrazofos in the isolated perfused rat liver

To investigate the hepatic metabolism of the new insecticide flupyrazofos [O,O-diethyl O-(1-phenyl-3-trifluoromethylpyrazol-5-yl) phosphorothioate], isolated rat liver was perfused with flupyrazofos under single-pass conditions. In outflow perfusate and bile, 1-phenyl-3-trifluoromethyl-5-hydroxyprazole (PTMHP), PTMHP-sulfate and PTMHP-glucuronide conjugates were identified as the metabolites of flupyrazofos. However, O,O-diethyl O-(1-phenyl-3-trifluoromethylpyrazol-5-yl) phosphate (flupyrazofos oxon) was not detected. A HPLC method with UV detection was used to investigate the hepatic disposition of flupyrazofos and its metabolite PTMHP. The concentrations of flupyrazofos, PTMHP and PTMHP conjugates in outflow perfusate reached steady-state levels within 20 min after commencing perfusion of 7.3 microM flupyrazofos. At steady state, the mean extraction ratio of flupyrazofos was 0.93 (+/- 0.01) and clearance was 26.1 (+/- 0.2) ml min-1 which nearly approached perfusate flow rate (28 ml min-1). PTMHP accounted for 55.7 (+/- 5.8)% of eliminated flupyrazofos and was recovered as unchanged PTMHP, PTMHP-sulfate and PTMHP-glucuronide in the bile as well as the outflow perfusate.     

新疆哈纳斯自然保护区地衣群落的聚类分析

我们根据多年的实地调查结果并采用聚类分析方法对分布在哈纳斯国家级自然保护区的地衣群落进行了研究。结果表明分布在该地区的地衣种类有 10 3种 ,他们分别属于 2 0科 ,4 0属。地衣物种形成了 6种群落。同时发现该地区地衣对基物形成专一性 ,它们的基物包括 :树皮、藓丛、藓土、草地、石面、地面、土层、石浮土等。     

饲料的不同形态与状态对早期断奶仔猪生产性能的影响

试验采用2×2因子设计,共分4个处理,即粉料和颗粒料2种类型,每种类型2种状态(液态和固态)。试验选用96头(21±1)d断奶的三元(D×L×Y)杂交仔猪,试验期21 d。其中液态料按12∶.5的料水比进行浸泡。试验期间考察仔猪的耗料量、增重、腹泻情况、粪便pH值及木糖吸收情况等,并测定饲料的pH值和淀粉糊化度。结果表明:①与粉料组相比,颗粒料组仔猪平均日增重提高了9.7%(P<0.05),平均日采食量提高了13.5%(P<0.10)。②颗粒料的淀粉糊化度比粉料高15%-16%。③液态组仔猪全期平均日采食量和日增重均高于固态组(P<0.05),分别提高了10.3%和12.9%。④液态料组仔猪血清木糖含量比固态料组高52%(P<0.05),且腹泻程度显著(P<0.05)降低。     

Bacillus subtilis SPB1 biosurfactant: Production optimization and insecticidal activity against the carob moth Ectomyelois ceratoniae

Bacillus subtilis SPB1 was shown to produce a lipopeptide biosurfactant. The insecticidal activity of this biosurfactant was evaluated against Ectomyelois ceratoniae Zeller, a moth pest of stored dates in Tunisia. The LC₅₀ and LC₉₀ values after six days of contact were 152 μg/g and 641 μg/g, respectively. To promote an economical production of this highly effective bioinsecticide, statistical experimental designs and response surface methodology were employed to optimize the concentrations of agro-industrial residues and humidity, for lipopeptide biosurfactant production by B. subtilis SPB1 under solid state fermentation. The optimal medium leading to a production yield near to 28 mg of crude lipopeptide preparation per g of wet solid material was composed of a mixture of 4.34 g of tuna fish flour and 5.66 g of potato waste flour with a moisture content of 76%.     

政企分开时政府、企业、银行三方利益均衡机制的构建分析

提出了利益均衡机制的构造框架:研究目标、政企分开的基础研究,政企分开时银行、企业、政府三方决策过程研究,政企分开后的效果评价、实证研究、关键问题,提出了相应的构建思路.     

河南省博爱县竹林经济现状与发展对策

博爱竹林是我国北方地区成林分布纬度最高、面积最大、品种最多的人工竹林.文章概述了博爱县竹林经济的发展现状,分析了存在问题,提出了发展对策.