犬冠状病毒在犬体内分布的初步研究

对电镜检查粪便中发现有犬冠状病毒的 4只犬 ,进行了血常规、尿常规、肝肾功能和心电图检查 ,均未发现明显异常。扑杀后经电镜负染检查 ,除肠内容物外 ,在其肝、心、脾、肾和肺等实质脏器中均发现冠状病毒粒子     

应用电镜技术快速检测培养细胞中的支原体污染

应用电镜技术可快速准确地检测培养细胞中的支原体污染。通过高速离心浓缩样品,负染色后电镜观察,可在30min内做出判定,方法快速、简便、准确。     

刚棘颚口线虫的扫描电镜观察

刚棘颚口线虫扫描电镜显示：头球顶端有两片半球形的大侧唇，大侧唇背面有1对双乳突和1个头感器。在轮节皮棘第6-7排或第8-9排或第10-11之间各有1对颈乳突，与樊氏等及古贺正崇等描述颈乳突位置有所差异。并观察到雄虫尾端长交合刺的皮纹上有细小的凹陷小乳，其顶端有开口处；有2对尾乳突。雌虫阴门位于虫体腹面中线之后；尾端前腹面有半月状的肛门，有1对尾乳突。其中头钩、体棘、交合刺和尾乳突等形态特征与前人记述相似。     

成年母鸡松果腺组织结构的研究

用透射与扫描电镜和荧光显微镜对25只成年母鸡的松果腺进行了系统观察。松果腺主要由松果体细胞组成,其间夹杂有少量胶质细胞。松果体细胞的核呈圆形或椭圆形,而胶质细胞的核多呈不规则形。松果体细胞具有突起,线粒体丰富,高尔基复合体发达,胞质中散布有核糖体,并见有粗面和滑面内质网、微管、溶酶体、脂滴以及少量致密核芯小体和板层小体。胶质细胞的结构特征为胞质中含有微丝。毛细血管内皮不含窗孔。本研究结果表明,鸡松果体细胞具有内分泌细胞的结构特征,因而认为鸡的松果腺是一个内分泌腺。     

板蓝根注射液的HPLC特征图谱研究

目的：建立板蓝根注射液HPLC特征图谱。方法：色谱柱为Waters Atlantis T3(5μm,4.6×250mm),以甲醇为流动相A,以水为流动相B,进行梯度洗脱;流速为0.8ml/min;柱温为30℃;检测波长为250nm。结果：板蓝根注射液的色谱图基本相同,检出特征共有峰有9个。结论：该方法简便,灵敏度高,重复性好,结果准确可靠,可作为板蓝根注射液有效的鉴别和质量评价方法。     

The gastrointestinal mucosa in young milk-fed calves. A scanning electron and light microscopic investigation

Gastrointestinal segments from 4 healthy, 17-, 21-, 22- and 23-day-old calves fed on whole cow’s milk were examined. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the anterior duodenum had short villi varying in shape from leaf-shaped to nodular; the middle duodenum had broad, tongue-shaped villi and the anterior, middle, and parts of the posterior jejunum had slender, finger-shaped or leaf-shaped villi. The villi of the mucosa covering Peyer’s patches in the posterior jejunum were short and either conical or tongue-shaped; there were also small “pseudovilli” caused by bulges in the lymphoid tissue. Morphometry showed that the villi were longer in the anterior jejunum than in the duodenum and the posterior parts of the jejunum (P < 0.005). Morphologically fat absorption was most heavy in the anterior third of the small intestine. Moderate amounts of fat were also found in the epithelium of the posterior jejunum and of the abomasum. Large fat droplets were seen in apical duodenal enterocytes, in contrast to the small epithelial droplets in other areas with fat absorption. Nile blue staining indicated that the fat in the large droplets was esterified.     

鸡蛋壳质量与超微结构关系的研究

研究使用常规方法测定蛋形指数、蛋壳相对重量、蛋壳强度和蛋壳厚度等蛋壳质量指标,使用X射线能谱仪测定蛋壳断面各层钙的相对含量,使用环境扫描电子显微镜观察蛋壳断面各层和内外表面的超微结构。结果表明:蛋壳强度与蛋壳相对重量、蛋壳强度与蛋壳厚度以及蛋壳相对重量与蛋壳厚度之间相关分别达到0.444(P<0.01)、0.700(P<0.01)和0.611(P<0.01),各相关系数不在同一水平。蛋壳各层钙的相对含量分别达到32.68%±8.62%、33.13%±6.58%和32.35%±.97%,之间差异不显著(P>0.05),几近匀质。环境扫描电子显微镜的观察发现不同强度的蛋壳,其各层和内外表面超微结构存在明显差异。由此得出:蛋壳超微结构的差异是蛋壳质量变化的重要影响因素。     

Infection with Menangle virus in flying foxes (Pteropus spp.) in Australia

Objective To examine flying foxes (Pteropus spp.) for evidence of infection with Menangle virus. Design Clustered non‐random sampling for serology, virus isolation and electron microscopy (EM). Procedure Serum samples were collected from 306 Pteropus spp. in northern and eastern Australia and tested for antibodies against Menangle virus (MenV) using a virus neutralisation test (VNT). Virus isolation was attempted from tissues and faeces collected from 215 Pteropus spp. in New South Wales. Faecal samples from 68 individual Pteropus spp. and four pools of faeces were examined by transmission EM following routine negative staining and immunogold labelling. Results Neutralising antibodies (VNT titres ≥ 8) against MenV were detected in 46% of black flying foxes (P. alecto), 41% of grey‐headed flying foxes (P. poliocephalus), 25% of spectacled flying foxes (P. conspicillatus) and 1% of little red flying foxes (P. scapulatus) in Australia. Positive sera included samples collected from P. poliocephalus in a colony adjacent to a piggery that had experienced reproductive disease caused by MenV. Virus‐like particles were observed by EM in faeces from Pteropus spp. and reactivity was detected in pooled faeces and urine by immunogold EM using sera from sows that had been exposed to MenV. Attempts to isolate the virus from the faeces and tissues from Pteropus spp. were unsuccessful. Conclusion Serological evidence of infection with MenV was detected in Pteropus spp. in Australia. Although virus‐like particles were detected in faeces, no viruses were isolated from faeces, urine or tissues of Pteropus spp.     

救必应水提取物对产ESBLs细菌的抑菌机理研究

为了探讨救必应水提取物的抑菌作用及抑菌机理,采用2倍微量稀释法和琼脂平板稀释培养计数法,测定救必应水提取物对产ESBLs(extended spectrum β-lactamases)细菌的最小抑菌浓度(minimal inhibitory concentration,MIC)和最小杀菌浓度(minimal bactericidal concentration,MBC),通过对细菌生长曲线、细菌超微结构、细胞壁和细胞膜通透性变化试验、核酸合成抑制试验研究救必应水提取物的抑菌机理。结果表明,与不添加提取物的对照组相比,救必应水提取物能够影响细菌的生长规律,使细菌破损严重,细胞壁和细胞膜通透性增加,细胞质外渗,菌液中AKP含量、可溶性蛋白含量增多、大肠杆菌DNA荧光强度明显减弱。研究表明,救必应水提取物的抑菌机理是通过细菌细胞壁和细胞膜通透性的变化,抑制细菌核酸的合成实现的。     

An outbreak of rabbit hemorrhagic disease (RHD) caused by Lagovirus europaeus GI.2/rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus 2 (RHDV2) in Ehime, Japan

A total of ten 1–2-year-old rabbits died within 2 weeks at a facility in Ehime prefecture in May 2019. Necropsy revealed liver discoloration and fragility, hemorrhage of some organs and blood coagulation failure. On histopathologic examination, necrotizing hepatitis was a common finding, together with fibrin thrombi in the small vessels and hemorrhage in some organs. Rabbit hemorrhagic disease (RHD) virus gene was detected in liver samples, and viral particles of approximately 32 nm in diameter were found in the cytoplasm of degenerated hepatocytes by electron microscopy. Phylogenetic analysis based on the partial VP60 gene sequence classified it as Lagovirus europaeus GI.2/RHDV2. This is the first confirmed outbreak of RHD caused by globally emerging GI.2/RHDV2 in Japan.