Treatment of immune-mediated hemolytic anemia in dogs with cyclophosphamide

A review of 60 cases of immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) in the dog was performed in order to characterize the disease and to identify potential prognostic indicators. Dogs ranged in age from 1 to 13 years, with a mean age of 6.5 years. The 2 most commonly affected breeds were Cocker Spaniels and Labrador Retrievers. Fifty-two of the 60 dogs tested (87%) were autoagglutination positive and spherocytes were present in 45 (75%). Forty-one (89%) of 46 patients tested positive for the presence of immunoglobulin on the red blood cell surface (Coombs assay). The most common clinical signs at presentation were lethargy, weakness, pale mucous membranes, icterus, hemoglobinuria, and anorexia. PCV less than 25% was present in 59 (98%) dogs. At the time of presentation, 35 dogs (58%) had a nonregenerative anemia, whereas 25 patients (42%) had a regenerative response. Thrombocytopenia was seen in 41 (68%) dogs. Nine of 34 dogs (26%) had a prolonged prothrombin time, 19 of 34 (56%) had a prolonged activated partial thromboplastin clotting time, and 12 of 34 (35%) had abnormal fibrinogen concentrations. All dogs received prednisone at immunosuppressive doses (2.2-4.4 mg/kg PO as a single or divided dose every 24 hours) and cyclophosphamide as primary therapy. Forty-one dogs (63%) received cyclophosphamide at 50 mg/m2 q24h for 4 days, whereas 9 dogs (15%) received an initial high dose (200 mg/m2) followed by 3 days of a lower dose (50 mg/m2 q24h). No statistical difference in survival times was found for either protocol. Thirteen dogs were treated with azathioprine in addition to cyclophosphamide and prednisone. The median survival time of dogs that received all 3 drugs was 370 days as compared to 9 days for those dogs that were treated with cyclophosphamide and prednisone alone. Thirty-one (52%) dogs died from the disease, 13 (22%) dogs were alive, and 15 (25%) dogs were lost to follow-up. The median length of survival for all dogs was 21 days. Eight dogs that were discharged from the hospital suffered a relapse (PCV < 25%).     

化学杂交剂在植物育种中的应用现状

对化学杂交剂的主要研究工作进行了综述,重点讨论化学杂交剂作用机理、存在问题及在牧草杂交育种中应用的可能性。化学杂交剂的发展经历了对已知植物生长调节剂诱导作物雄性不育的研究、专门开发新化学杂交剂化合物和应用化学杂交剂育种3个阶段。化学杂交剂的作用机理目前还不是很清楚。资料表明,化学杂交剂EXP可以阻止油菜Brassica campestris体内支链氨基酸缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸的合成,致使雄性败育;SC2053、BAU-2、GENESIS使小麦Triticum aestivum花粉生活力下降、降低花药脯氨酸含量和酶活性等可致雄性不育。化学杂交剂在牧草育种上应用不多,主要集中在去雄效率的探讨上,在杂交育种获得杂交种子方面研究不多。     

Measurement of canine blood microparticles by flow cytometry: effect of anticoagulants and staining reagents

Microparticles (MPs) are released from budding plasma membranes into body fluids. The use of flow cytometry for the measurement of MP in canines has not been standardized. In this fundamental study, we compared the effect of anticoagulant agents, such as acid-citrate-dextrose (ACD) and heparin on the measurement of canine MPs in platelet-free plasma (PFP) using flow cytometry. In addition, we used annexin V, carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE), or calcein tetraacetoxymethyl ester (calcein-AM), and explored the characteristics of the staining reagents in MP detection using flow cytometry. We were able to measure canine MPs in PFP prepared from ACD-anticoagulated blood using flow cytometry, in which the highest positive rate for fluorescent staining was observed when CFSE was used.     

用薯莨提取液对真丝织物染色增重的最佳工艺及金属离子后处理的改性效果

采用天然染料改善真丝性能有利于环保和人体健康。研究了以天然薯莨提取液为染料,应用汽蒸染色方法对真丝织物进行染色增重的最佳工艺,比较了分别用Fe3+、Cu2+、Cr6+3种金属离子进行后处理的改性效果。薯莨提取液对真丝增重的最佳工艺是:汽蒸温度110℃、湿度85%,汽蒸8次,汽蒸时间4 min,带液率180%、含固量6.28%。用Fe3+、Cu2+、Cr6+金属离子后处理的最佳质量浓度分别为12、10、10 g/L。Fe3+、Cr6+后处理的真丝织物其增重率随离子浓度的增加逐渐增大,而Cu2+后处理的真丝织物增重率在离子浓度上升到一定程度后有所降低。用Fe3+后处理的真丝织物颜色最深,呈红黑色;用Cu2+后处理的真丝织物颜色偏深,色相在红黄之间;用Cr6+后处理的真丝织物偏暗黄色。3种金属离子用于染色真丝织物的后处理,均在一定程度上提高了薯莨提取液染色增重真丝的色牢度和拒水性能,能明显提高真丝织物的紫外屏蔽性能,其中经Cr6+后处理的真丝织物拒水性能和紫外屏蔽性能最为显著。     

抗阿维菌素抗体的研制

本文合成了二个模拟阿维菌素特征结构的半抗原，４‘＝Ｏ－（单）琥珀酰阿维菌素和５－Ｏ－（单）琥珀酰阿维菌素。将半抗原与载体蛋白连接，制成人工抗原。     

加味当归四逆壳聚糖喷膜剂的研制

研制加味当归四逆壳聚糖喷膜剂,并且制定生产工艺和质量标准。试验采用水煎法提取处方药材;通过正交试验确定壳聚糖盐酸盐、PVPK-30以及乙醇成膜材料的最佳配比;按照药典相关规定,采用紫外分光光度法测定每瓶总黄酮的含量。成膜材料的最佳配比为壳聚糖盐酸盐1%,3%PVPK-30和40%乙醇。通过TLC鉴定样品含有阿魏酸和芍药苷成分。质量标准中性状为澄清有清凉气味的红棕色液体,总黄酮的含量1.83 mg/mL。以处方为219 mg/mL中药复方,1%的壳聚糖盐酸盐,3%的PVPK-30以及40%的乙醇制备出加味当归四逆壳聚糖喷膜剂,且制定质量标准中样品含有阿魏酸和芍药苷并且每瓶总黄酮含量满足1.83 mg/mL。     

Treatment of canine haemangiosarcoma with suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, a histone deacetylase inhibitor

A case report is presented by describing the treatment of a 12‐year‐old dog – diagnosed with haemangiosarcoma (HSA) – with suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor. The drug was administered orally, on a daily basis, approximately 2 weeks post‐splenectomy at a dose of 3 mg kg^?1. HSA is a lethal malignancy of the endothelium, which is usually disseminated by the time it is diagnosed. Median survival time, usually, is no longer than 80 days. Following treatment with SAHA, no sign of malignant growth could be discerned by means of diagnostic abdominal ultrasound, chest X‐ray or with the help of clinical symptoms, over a period of >1000 days. The precise mechanism by which HDAC inhibitors exert their anti‐cancer effects is uncertain, but evidence suggests that exposure to SAHA generates hyperacetylated chromosomal histones, which, in turn, facilitates the expression of tumour suppressor genes turned off by epigenetic mechanisms during neoplastic transformation of the endothelium.     

静松灵、保定宁、846合剂对山羊麻醉的比较研究第一报临床效果观察

对 2 5～ 40kg体重的 16 0只山羊分别用 2 %静松灵、保定宁、846合剂麻醉后进行了临床效果观察。结果表明 ,三种麻醉药以 0 0 6～ 0 0 8mL/kg的剂量 (肌注 )均可对山羊麻醉后进行多种常规手术 ,临床麻醉效果的优良率依次为93 3%、96 6 %和 99 2 % ,以 846合剂为最优。研究还发现 ,以 7～ 14天的时间间隔重复给药或交叉给药 ,未发现动物对麻醉药有抗药性     

副猪嗜血杆菌病流行病学及致病因子的研究进展

副猪嗜血杆菌（Haemophilus parasuis,Hps）是猪上呼吸道的一种常在菌,常引起猪的多发性浆膜炎、关节炎、脑膜炎,由该菌引起的病又称格拉泽氏病。随着世界养猪业的发展,该病已成为全球范围内影响养猪业的一种重要细菌性疾病。为了更全面的了解副猪嗜血杆菌病的研究现状,笔者对该病的病原学、流行病学、致病因子的研究进展作一综述。     

河西走廊紫花苜蓿干草调制技术研究

紫花苜蓿(Medicago stativa L.)是为建立河西走廊地区苜蓿干草调制技术,于2004年在河西走廊地区以种植3年的紫花苜蓿为材料,对第2茬苜蓿进行了刈割时期、晾晒时间、打捆时间、翻晒对紫花苜蓿干草质量的影响研究.结果表明:苜蓿干草调制成功与否主要决定于晾晒时间、翻晒和打捆时间,而调制的苜蓿干草质量主要决定于刈割时期和打捆时间;河西走廊紫花苜蓿在初花期刈割,晾晒28 h-32 h,并进行翻晒作业,16:00-17:30打捆,避开过早或过晚打捆,可获得质量好、营养价值较高并可长期贮存的干草产品.该技术的提出对我国北方地区调制优质苜蓿干草提供了科学依据.