曼陀罗生物碱提取液对几种植物种子萌发的影响

以不同浓度的曼陀罗生物碱提取液分别处理3种植物种子，探索其对植物种子萌发的影响。结果表明：低浓度（0．1、0．2mg/ml）浸种对鹰嘴豆、金豆种子萌发均有不同程度的促进作用，但较高浓度（0．3～0．5mg/ml）浸种则表现出抑制作用；各处理对番茄种子萌发均有抑制作用，使种子的萌发率、α-淀粉酶活性等受到明显抑制，且抑制作用随处理浓度提高而增强。     

乌头生物碱对甜菜夜蛾毒杀活性的测定

测定了乌头碱、次乌头碱、中乌头碱3种乌头生物碱对甜菜夜蛾的毒杀活性和作用方式.结果表明,乌头生物碱对甜菜夜蛾有较强的胃毒、拒食和生长抑制作用,基本没有触杀和熏蒸作用;3种乌头生物碱对甜菜夜蛾4龄幼虫的毒杀活性存在一定的差异,乌头碱和次乌头碱的毒杀致死中浓度LC50基本相当,分别为121.51 mg·L-1和146.27 mg·L-1,而中乌头碱为495.09 mg·L-1,与前二者有显著差异.     

平贝母中总生物碱含量的测定

为建立酸性测定平贝母中总生物碱含量的方法,采用乙醇溶液反复提取总生物碱及用酸性染料比色法测定提取物总生物碱含量.采用本方法测定结果为:贝母中总生物碱含量为0.236%,加样回收率为97.5%,RSD为1.21%.本法不需要复杂仪器,可作为平贝母中总生物碱含量测定的实用技术.     

Protective Effects of Marine Alkaloid Neolamellarin A Derivatives against Glutamate Induced PC12 Cell Apoptosis

Marine alkaloids obtained from sponges possess a variety of biological activities and potential medicinal value. The pyrrole-derived lamellarin-like alkaloids, especially their permethyl derivatives, show low cytotoxicity and potent MDR reversing activity. Neolamellarin A is a novel lamellarin-like alkaloid which was extracted from marine animal sponges. We reported the synthetic method of permethylated Neolamellarin A and its derivatives by a convergent strategy in 2015. In 2018, we reported the synthesis and the neuroprotective activity in PC12 cells of 3,4-bisaryl-N-alkylated permethylated Neolamellarin A derivatives. In this report, another series of 15 different 3,4-bisaryl-N-acylated permethylated Neolamellarin A derivatives were synthesized, and the outstanding protective effects of these compounds against glutamate induced PC12 cell apoptosis were presented and discussed. These Neolamellarin A derivatives which possessed low cytotoxicity and superior neuroprotective activity may have the potential to be developed into antagonists against glutamate induced nerve cell apoptosis.     

沙冬青生物碱成分研究

沙冬青叶干燥粉碎后用甲醇、石油醚、氯仿提取，并采用柱层析和薄层层析等方法分离出三种生物碱，经质谱和核磁共振波谱仪鉴定为羽扇豆碱，斯帕亭和ａ－异斯帕亭生物碱。     

雷公藤组培产物中雷公藤甲素和总生物碱含量的测定

建立了同一提取物中高效液相色谱法测定雷公藤甲素和紫外分光光度法测定雷公藤总生物碱含量的方法,样品用乙酸乙酯超声提取、过中性氧化铝柱,净化后用45%甲醇溶解,测定雷公藤的根皮、叶、雷公藤组培产物及培养液中雷公藤甲素和雷公藤总生物碱的含量。结果表明,雷公藤甲素的检测范围为1~100 μg/mL(R2= 0.999 9);雷公藤总生物碱在5~100 μg/mL范围内线性关系良好(R2=0.999 8);在同一提取液中,雷公藤甲素和雷公藤总生物碱的添加回收率分别为100.5%(RSD=0.63%)和99.8%(RSD=1.22%)。研究结果表明,根愈伤组织中雷公藤甲素含量为根皮粉中的1.25倍,培养液中雷公藤甲素产量占56%,总生物碱产量占65%。每生产1 g不定根培养物,雷公藤甲素产量为根皮粉中的10倍,雷公藤总生物碱产量为根皮粉中的2倍。     

A Series of New Pyrrole Alkaloids with ALR2 Inhibitory Activities from the Sponge Stylissa massa

Twelve new and four known alkaloids including five different structural scaffolds were isolated from the sponge Stylissa massa collected in the South China Sea. Compound 1 is the first identified precursor metabolite of the classic 5/7/5 tricyclic skeleton with unesterified guanidine and carboxyl groups, compounds 2–5 and 13–15 belong to the spongiacidin-type pyrrole imidazole alkaloids (PIAs). Z- and E-configurations of the spongiacidin-type PIAs often appeared concomitantly and were distinguished by the chemical shift analysis of ¹³C NMR spectra. The structures of all twelve new compounds were determined by NMR, MS, and ECD analysis combined with single-crystal data of compounds 1, 5, and 10. In the aldose reductase (ALR2) inhibitory assay, six 5/7/5 tricyclic compounds (2–5, 13–15) displayed significant activities. Compounds 13 and 14, as the representative members of spongiacidin-PIAs, demonstrated their ALR2-targeted activities in SPR experiments with K_D values of 12.5 and 6.9 µM, respectively.     

Fused Tricyclic Guanidine Alkaloids: Insights into Their Structure,Synthesis and Bioactivity

A marine natural product possesses a diverse and unique scaffold that contributes to a vast array of bioactivities. Tricyclic guanidine alkaloids are a type of scaffold found only in marine natural products. These rare skeletons exhibit a wide range of biological applications, but their synthetic approaches are still limited. Various stereochemical assignments of the compounds remain unresolved. Batzelladine and ptilocaulins are an area of high interest in research on tricyclic guanidine alkaloids. In addition, mirabilins and netamines are among the other tricyclic guanidine alkaloids that contain the ptilocaulin skeleton. Due to the different structural configurations of batzelladine and ptilocaulin, these two main skeletons are afforded attention in many reports. These two main skeletons exhibit different kinds of compounds by varying their ester chain and sidechain. The synthetic approaches to tricyclic guanidine alkaloids, especially the batzelladine and ptilocaulin skeletons, are discussed. Moreover, this review compiles the first and latest research on the synthesis of these compounds and their bioactivities, dating from the 1980s to 2022.     

灵芝有效化学成分的研究

本文从灵芝有效化学成分的结构，提取分离方法，结构鉴定，生理活性及应用价值等方面进行了概述。     

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为科学合理开发金钗石斛药材资源,采用单因素试验分析提取温度、乙醇浓度、提取时间、固液比和提取次数对金钗石斛总生物碱含量的影响,酸碱滴定法测定总生物碱含量.在此基础上,运用正交试验对乙醇浓度、提取时间、固液比和提取次数进行优化.结果表明:金钗石斛总生物碱提取制备的最佳条件为提取温度85℃,乙醇浓度90％,提取时间3h,固液比1∶20,提取次数为2次,在该条件下金钗石斛总生物碱的平均提取率为87.8 mg/g.