Development of crop coefficient models of castor and maize crops

Castor and maize are the most commonly cultivated crops in the Rajendranagar region of Andhra Pradesh, India. The study aims to develop a crop coefficient (K_c) models for these crops, using Lysimeter measured daily crop evapotranspiration (ET_c) data and daily reference evapotranspiration (ET₀) computed using FAO-56 Penman-Monteith (PM) method. K_c values obtained using relationship K_c = ET_c/ET₀, crop coefficient curves were derived as a function of days after sowing and polynomial model was fitted. The performances of the models were tested using performance indicators. The models performed well for both the crops. These models can, therefore, be used for estimating K_c values of castor and maize crops for any day after sowing in the study region.     

大麦黄条点花叶病毒传播方式和传播特性研究初报

大麦黄条点花叶病毒(Barley yellow striate mosaic virus,BYSMV)是我国小麦产区新发现的一种病毒,为了明确该病毒的发生流行规律并建立相应的防治方法,在温室条件下对该病毒的传播方式、介体传毒特性进行了研究。初步研究结果表明:BYSMV仅由介体昆虫灰飞虱(Laodelphax striatellus Fallén)传播,不能通过机械摩擦、土壤和病残体传播。该病毒在灰飞虱体内的循回期最短为6 d,接种后20 d达到传毒发病盛期。灰飞虱最短获毒和传毒时间均为1 min,病毒在小麦苗中的最短潜育期为5 d。由此可见,灰飞虱对BYSMV具有较强的获毒和传毒能力。本研究为下一步进行该病毒的寄主范围、病害的发生规律等方面的研究提供了技术手段,也为生产上预防和控治由该病毒引起的病害提供了理论依据。     

黎族传统饮料植物初步调查

通过实地调查、人物访谈等方式,发现黎族村民在庭院内栽培着种类丰富的药饮两用植物,并掌握着丰富的饮料植物知识,制作出的植物饮料大多具有医疗保健功效,尤其在防治消化系统疾病、治疗腰酸背痛及消炎去热等方面效果明显。野外实地调查发现兰科和蕨类植物作为黎族饮料植物应用较为普遍,多数种类全株都可使用。     

豹纹鳃棘鲈仔、稚、幼鱼的形态观察

参照鮨科鱼类胚后发育时期划分的一般方法,结合豹纹鳃棘鲈的形态特征将其胚后发育时期划分为仔鱼期（分卵黄囊期仔鱼和后期仔鱼）、稚鱼期和幼鱼期,并对各时期的形态特征进行了描述。记录了各时期的形态特征,豹纹鳃棘鲈体型修长,幼鱼通体红色,在鱼体上有数列排列整齐的蓝色或黑色斑点;在早期发育阶段第二背鳍棘和腹鳍棘的绝对平均长度可达13．12mm和10．19mm,而臀鳍发育较慢,当腹鳍棘和第二背鳍棘开始回收时其臀鳍棘才开始长出。     

海南粗榧外植体灭菌与愈伤组织诱导

对海南粗榧茎段外植体灭菌和愈伤组织诱导实验研究表明,以海南粗榧温室扦插苗的嫩茎作为外植体,70%酒精1min,0.1%氯化汞溶液12min表面消毒处理效果最好;最适愈伤组织诱导培养基为MS+0.5mg/LNAA+0.5～1.0mg/L BA+2.5～4.0mg/L 2,4～D。     

Reference values of respiratory and peripheral muscle function in rats

Skeletal muscle dysfunction is a common systemic manifestation in several prevalent diseases. Predictive values are useful tools for the diagnosis and prognosis of diseases. In experimental animals, no reference values of muscle function evaluation have been so far reported. The objective was to obtain predictive values of maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and grip strength measurements in healthy rats. In 70 healthy rats, MIP and grip strength were measured in vivo weekly for five consecutive weeks using non‐invasive methodologies. Three ranges of rat body weights (250–299, 300–349 and 350–399 g) and lengths (37.0–41.0, 41.1–42.0 and 42.1–44.0 cm) were established. MIP and grip strength measurements falling within the ranges of weight 350–399 and 300–349 g and length 42.1–44.0 cm were significantly greater than values falling within 250–299 g and 37.0–41.0 cm ranges respectively. Specific weight‐ and length‐percentile distributions for MIP and grip strength measurements were calculated. As significant direct correlations were observed between rat weights and lengths and either MIP or grip strength measurements, regression equations relating all these variables were also determined. Skeletal muscle dysfunction is frequently associated with highly prevalent conditions. The significant predictive equations described for both MIP and grip strength measurements will enable scientists to better estimate the respiratory and peripheral muscle dysfunctions of laboratory animals, especially when conducting follow‐up and/or intervention investigations.     

缓变系数线性中立型系统的稳定性

利用李雅普诺夫函数方法,研究了一类具有缓变系数的线性中立型微分方程解的稳定性,主要是针对中立型微分方程的初始函数所满足的条件不需要二阶导数存在,只要求对一阶导数满足一定的条件之下,得到了零解稳定的充分条件.     

青灯黄卷浣心尘——孙犁先生的读书之道

孙犁先生是真正的读书人。他非常欣赏野味读书法,晚年又提出＂四勿一高＂的读书经验,对今人文章指出了＂三不读＂的原则,认为欲提高作品格调,必先淡化作者的名利思想。《书衣文录》凝结着孙犁一生的读书之道,具有特殊的意义。     

基于GaBP算法的快速潮流计算方法

研究在潮流迭代求解过程中雅可比矩阵方程组的迭代求解方法及其收敛性。首先利用PQ分解法进行潮流迭代求解,并针对求解过程中雅可比矩阵对称且对角占优的特性,对雅可比矩阵方程组采用高斯置信传播算法(GaBP)进行求解,再结合Steffensen加速迭代法以提高GaBP算法的收敛性。对IEEE118、IEEE300节点标准系统和两个波兰互联大规模电力系统进行仿真计算后结果表明：随着系统规模的增长,使用Steffensen加速迭代法进行加速的GaBP算法相对于基于不完全LU的预处理广义极小残余方法(GMRES)具有更好的收敛性,为大规模电力系统潮流计算的快速求解提供了一种新思路。     

海南粗榧内生真菌BWL6007的鉴定及抗菌活性研究

应用传统真菌形态学鉴定方法,对海南粗榧内生真菌BWL6007 进行鉴定。以大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、水稻纹枯病菌、油菜菌核病菌、香蕉枯萎病菌、镰刀菌、罗非鱼源无乳链球菌为测试菌种,对海南粗榧内生真菌BWL6007 在不同生长周期15 d内的发酵液抗菌活性进行测定。然后,依次采用石油醚、二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯、三氯甲烷和正丁醇对发酵液进行分部提取,再测定各部粗提物的抗菌活性。结果表明,海南粗榧内生真菌BWL6007 属于生赤壳属（Bionectria）,是首次从海南粗榧中分离获得的生赤壳属内生真菌;其最佳发酵时间为11 d;发酵液乙酸乙酯部提取物的抗菌效果最佳,活性成分主要以中极性的物质为主。