中国三节叶蜂科分类研究──Ⅲ.笑颜三节叶蜂属一新种及中华三节叶蜂雄性记述(膜翅目)

记述了内蒙古三节叶蜂科一新种，小斑突颜三节叶蜂（Asiargetricellissp．nov．），此新种前翅2r-m脉缺失，2Rs室开放，m-cn脉位于中室内侧1／3，腹部第1～7背板两侧各具1微小黑斑，鹗眼距等于单眼直径等可与同属其它种类相区别．空颜三节叶蟀属为中国新记录属．还首次描述了中华三节叶蜂属的雄性．     

危害红松的阿扁叶峰属中国一新纪录种(膜翅目,扁叶蜂科)

文章报道了阿扁叶蜂属中国一新纪录种——帕克阿扁叶蜂Acantholyda parki。该种在吉林省伊通县严重危害红松Pinus koraiensis。     

Trophic ecology of the armadillo ant,Tatuidris tatusia, assessed by stable isotopes and behavioral observations

Ants of the genus Tatuidris Brown and Kempf (Formicidae: Agroecomyrmecinae) generally occur at low abundances in forests of Central and South America. Their morphological peculiarities, such as mandibular brushes, are presumably linked with specialized predatory habits. Our aims were to (1) assess the Tatuidris abundance in an evergreen premontane forest of Ecuador; (2) detail morphological characteristics and feeding behavior of Tatuidris; and (3) define the position of Tatuidris in the food web. A total of 465 litter samples were collected. For the first time, live Tatuidris individuals were observed. Various potential food sources were offered to them. A nitrogen stable isotope ratio analysis (¹⁵N/¹⁴N) was conducted on Tatuidris tatusia, other ants, and common organisms from the leaf-litter mesofauna. We found a relatively high abundance of T. tatusia in the site. Live individuals did not feed on any of the food sources offered, as usually observed with diet specialist ants. The isotope analysis revealed that T. tatusia is one of the top predators of the leaf-litter food web.     

大食姬蜂属一新种(膜翅目:姬蜂科)

报道了采自吉林省长白山的姬蜂科Ichneumonidae一新种 :亮大食姬蜂ZabrachypusnitidusHaoetSheng ,sp .nov .。模式标本保存在国家林业局森林病虫害防治总站     

陕甘宁蒙沙漠地区蚂蚁区系研究

对陕甘宁蒙沙漠地区蚁科昆虫标本进行系统的采集,获得蚂蚁种类3亚科,14属,41种.在分类的基础上,对本研究区域蚂蚁种类的区系组成特点进行讨论,结合地形、气候、植被等将本调查区蚁科昆虫区系划分为4个蚁类区:①阿拉善高原蚁类区;②鄂尔多斯高原蚁类区;③贺兰山蚁类区;④大罗山蚁类区.     

赣湘鄂三省荷花授粉现状调查报告

为掌握荷花(Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn)授粉现状,2012年7月5—11日在江西、湖南、湖北三省对采收荷花粉蜂农以及当地荷花种植户进行了采访调查,针对蜂农放蜂和蜂群管理方式,蜂农和荷花种植户收益,蜜蜂为荷花授粉的必要性开展调查,同时在三省进行了荷花野生传粉昆虫数量和种类的资源调查。调查表明：三省荷花野生传粉昆虫种类和数量均较匮乏,经鉴定,荷花野生传粉昆虫主要为膜翅目昆虫,包括中华木蜂(Xylocopa sinensis Smith)、紫木蜂(Xylocopa valga Gestaecker)、黄胸木蜂(Xylocopa appendiculata Smith)、铜色隧蜂(Halictus aerarius Smith)、尖肩隧蜂(Halictus subopacus Smith)等,莲籽高产增收必须依靠蜜蜂授粉才能实现,蜜蜂授粉更有利于蜂农和荷花种植户获得更高收益;蜜蜂采集荷花粉的最佳时间为5:00—8:00,温度和风力是影响蜜蜂采集荷花的主要因素;荷花花粉价格波动受自然灾害、销售渠道和供求关系的影响;养蜂蜂农年龄结构呈现老龄化趋势。     

甘肃叶蜂种类调查及分类研究 Ⅳ.三节叶蜂科属种名录

整理采自甘肃膜翅目三节叶蜂科标本总计168号,经鉴定分为4属37种。其中,三节叶蜂属29种,刺腹三节叶蜂属2种,脊颜三节叶蜂属5种,近脉三节叶蜂属1种;包括15新种:宽带环腹三节叶蜂、玛氏黑头三节叶蜂、秦氏黑头三节叶蜂、黑瓣黄腹三节叶蜂、沈氏黄腹三节叶蜂、辛氏斑跗三节叶蜂、长角斑跗三节叶蜂、范氏斑跗三节叶蜂、密纹斑跗三节叶蜂、纹胸淡毛三节叶蜂、黄足黄钳三节叶蜂、尖鞘刺腹三节叶蜂、黄足刺腹三节叶蜂、短脉脊颜三节叶蜂、斑胸脊颜三节叶蜂,1中国新记录种:长角黑毛三节叶蜂,13甘肃新记录种和8已知种。     

Responses of community structure,diversity, and abundance of understory plants and insect assemblages to thinning in plantations

Identifying effective management operations for plantations is important for conservation of biodiversity in a plantation-dominated landscape. We tested whether pre-commercial thinning influenced community structures and could be an effective strategy for increasing diversity and abundance of plants and animals in plantations. We designated thinned and unthinned study stands in Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) plantations and compared the communities of understory vegetation, bees, butterflies, hoverflies, and longhorn beetles 1 and 3 years after thinning. The analyses of vegetation showed that pre-commercial thinning affected community structure, but species richness and vegetation abundance were not significantly affected. Thinning affected insect community structure, and both species richness and abundance of all insect groups increased 1 year after thinning. However, 3 years after thinning, significant differences only remained in the species richness of bees and the abundance of bees, butterflies, and hoverflies. These results suggest that pre-commercial thinning in plantation stands influences the community structure of understory vegetation and can be an effective way to increase the diversity and abundance of some insect groups in the short term. However, the results also suggest that the duration of the operational effects of pre-commercial thinning varies among insect groups; thus, the variable effects of pre-commercial thinning should be carefully considered in the conservation-based management of plantation stands.     

An Alien in the Group: Eusocial Male Bees Sharing Nonspecific Reproductive Aggregations

Sexual selection predicts that individuals competing for access to sexual partners should maximize their chances of mating by looking for sites where the chances of finding partners are more likely to occur. However, males of stingless bees have been observed sharing nonspecific reproductive aggregations. This uncommon behavior appears to confer no obvious increase of individual fitness. It has been suggested that this reproductive strategy is due to the similarity between male odors common to different stingless bee species. Cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) are candidate odors of interest because their nonvolatile pheromone nature allows them to play an important role in sexual behavior and species recognition. Here, we review the literature to evaluate whether any phylogenetic patterns exist among male stingless bees that aggregate with closely or distantly related species. We also compared the CHC profiles of males of Neotropical stingless bee species (Plebeia sp. Schwarz, Trigona spinipes (F.), Tetragona clavipes (F.), Nannotrigona testaceicornis (Lepeletier), Scaptotrigona aff. depilis (Moure), Tetragonisca angustula (Latreille), and Melipona subnitida (Ducke) to reveal any chemical similarities among their male odors. We found males of 21 stingless bee species involved in interspecific interactions mainly from Neotropical and Indo-Malayan/Australasian regions. Alien males did not necessarily visit host aggregations of closely related species. Furthermore, the CHC profiles of different studied species were very distinct from each other and do not overlapped at all. It is unclear yet why this apparently nonadaptive behavior carried out by some stingless bee males.