江苏如东沿海发现黑嘴鸥新繁殖地

2013年5月22日,南通博物苑鸟类调查组在南黄海边的如东洋口发现一处黑嘴鸥（Larzus saundersi）繁殖地。该繁殖地位于如东大、小洋口之间新围垦的海堤内侧（E121°06’,N32°28’）,面积约10000m2。黑嘴鸥营巢于碱蓬（Suaeda gauca）地上,与普通燕鸥（Sternahirundo）、白额燕鸥（Sternaalbifrons）、红脚鹬（Tringatotanus）、环颈鹆（Charadriusalexandrinus）等混群营巢。采用直接计数法统计繁殖区内所见黑嘴鸥的数量在500只以上。应迅速建立保护区以切实保护好这一濒危鸟类及其新繁殖地。     

海南岛尖峰岭鸡毛松人工林乔木层生物量和生产力研究

对海南岛尖峰岭35年生鸡毛松人工林生物量的结构与分布特点、净初级生产力和林分生长的动态变化进行了研究。结果表明,鸡毛松人工林乔木层生物量达285 53t·hm-2,其中树干为190 82t·hm-2,树皮为19 19t·hm-2,树枝为35 93t·hm-2,树叶为7 96t·hm-2,根为31 63t·hm-2,鸡毛松不同器官生物量的比例为树干∶树枝∶根∶树皮∶树叶=24 0∶4 5∶4 0∶2 4∶1 0。12～22cm径级的立木生物量占总生物量的70 9%,而8m以下的树干生物量占其总生物量的80%以上。1～25a内生物量增长迅速,年平均净生产量随年龄的增加而增大,25a后生物量增长相对较慢,进入生长的平稳期。35a鸡毛松人工林乔木层年平均净生产力可达10 34t·hm-2·a-1,最大可达13 99t·hm-2·a-1,表现出较高的生产力。     

海南尖峰岭热带山地雨林生理生态功能群特征

在海南尖峰岭热带山地雨林,野外测定获得3个与植物-大气相互作用直接相关的生理生态特性指标(最大净光合速率、最大气孔导度和比叶面积),应用等级聚类分析和NMS排序方法对热带山地雨林的主要植物进行功能群划分,分析热带山地雨林4个演替阶段(初期、早期、中期和后期)生理生态功能群组成及其动态规律。结果表明:海南尖峰岭热带山地雨林的87个主要植物种类可划分为8个功能群,检验结果显示功能群间存在显著差异,而功能群内同质性较高;功能群的丰富度及相对多度在不同演替阶段差异显著;功能群的丰富度在演替初期最低,演替早、中期最高,演替后期略有降低;演替初期的优势功能群光合能力强,水分利用效率低,演替早、中期的优势功能群光合能力、水分利用效率均为中等;演替后期的优势功能群光合能力偏低,水分利用效率高。     

A comparative study of mangrove ? oras in China and India

Species compositions in the mangrove habitats of China and India, especially on Hainan Island (China) and on the Sundarbans and the Andaman & Nicobar Islands (India), are of interest, showing several similarities and differences. The total mangrove areas of India cover about 6419 km 2 with 43 species (23 major and 20 minor species), while the mangrove areas of China cover about 150 km 2 with 26 speices (19 major and 7 minor speices). We carried out a comparison of mangrove floras in the Indian Sundarbans, Andaman & Nicobar Islands and in Hainan Island. The mangrove areas of the Indian Sundarbans comprise about 66.5% of the total Indian mangroves, presently covering an area of 4267 km 2 with 35 species from 22 genera and 16 families. There are 34 species from 17 genera and 13 families in the Andaman & Nicobar Islands. Hainan Island is considered a distribution center of mangroves; it has the largest number of mangrove species in China, i.e., 25 species from 15 genera and 12 families, accounting for about 96% of the total number of mangrove species in China. The mangroves of Hainan Island and the Andaman & Nicobar Islands belong to island types, while those of Sundarbans belong to inter-tidal deltaic types. Differences in soil type, rainfall, temperature, tidal fluctuation and other climatic features possibly cause variations in floristic composition of these regions.     

Division of ecological species groups and functional groups based on interspecific association — a case study of the tree layer in the tropical lowland rainforest of Jianfenling in Hainan Island, China

Twenty-three sample plots dominated by Vatica mangachapoi at various elevations in the tropical lowland rainforest in the Jianfengling National Nature Reserve of Hainan Island were established. The interspecific association among the 32 dominant species was analyzed and the division of ecological species groups and functional groups are discussed. The results showed that these dominant populations had an overall positive interspecific association. The species pairs with significant, positive association accounted for only about 10% of the total 496 species pairs. Most of the other species pairs showed weak association or non-association, i.e., the dominant populations investigated had relatively independent distributions. The 32 dominant species were divided into four ecological species groups and ten functional groups according to their interspecific association coefficients, based on a cluster analysis of the species. Recognition characteristics of the ten functional groups are proposed. __________ Translated from Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2007, 43(4): 9–16 [译自: 林业科学]     

海南芒果炭疽病的发生规律与综合防治

通过对海南芒果炭疽病发生规律和病害与果园土质、气象因素、品种、肥料管理关系的研究,并进行了农药筛选试验,在此基础上提出了相应的综合防治措施。     

寒害对海南西庆农场橡胶林的影响与防害措施

天然橡胶是海南省的主要农业产业之一,然而橡胶树对寒冷气候极为敏感.2008年初南方冰冻灾害对海南的天然橡胶造成了巨大的损失.本文通过对海南省儋州市西庆农场的实地调查,分析寒害对橡胶林的影响,并对防治寒害提出相应建议.     

防治瓜绢螟高效无公害药剂筛选试验

室内和田间药效试验结果表明,辛硫磷、佳维素、虫螨克、病毒杀虫剂、氟虫脲、除尽等药剂对瓜绢螟具有良好的杀虫效果,适于在瓜菜上使用。     

海南植物资源信息系统

以Visual FoxPro6．O为程序设计语言，采用面向对象程序设计思想和可视化编程技术构建了海南植物资源信息系统。系统界面简洁友好，易于修改和操作，智能化程度较高，在很大程度上实现了海南植物资源信息的自动化管理，具有很强的实用性。     

GIS及相关技术集成在海南生态省建设中的应用刍议

海南省确定生态省为其发展的途径和目标，其内容包括环境污染防治、生态环境保护与建设、生态产业发展、人居环境建设、生态文化建设等。生态省建设是一个巨大的系统工程，涉及到社会经济环境等诸多方面，其特点是综合、变化、互动、复杂。以地理信息系统(GIS)为核心，集合遥感(RS)、全球定位系统(GPS)．、数字摄影测量系统(DPS)和专家系统(ES)为一个数据采集、处理和管理系统，称之为5S集成系统，可有效的对生态环境实施动态监测，也可应用于城乡社会经济生活的即时管理，为生态省的建设提供有力的技术支持。