论天然林保护工程中森林工程学科的发展

本文论述了天然林保护工程中森林工程学科的任务。学科发展追求的目的,从学术研究角度探讨了众林工程学科将要遇到的新机遇和新课题。     

湘西州森林防火与气象条件关系

利用1950~1988、2005~2015年湘西州森林火灾相关资料,1960~2015年湘西州8县(市)气象观测站温度、湿度资料,采用线性和曼-肯德尔(MK)突变检验的分析方法,对湘西州森林防火与气象条件关系进行研究。通过研究得出气象条件和森林火灾关系非常紧密,每年的春冬季节是森林火灾的高发期;确定森林火险预报模型为I=D×4+(100-H)×0.4+T+F+r,将森林火险等级划分为五级;对湘西州森林防火预警预报系统进行研发,将森林防火气象预报预警模型与突发事件预警信息发布的业务充分融合。     

物权法理念下森林资源他项权利探析

首先对我国森林资源他项权利的基本法律属性进行了分析,然后在对我国森林资源他项权利制度现状及所存的问题进行分析的基础上,提出了协调森林资源相关他项权利关系,增加森林资源使用权流转方式;强化森林资源他项权利的排他性、独立性以及将森林资源生态价值的使用和收益权,纳入森林资源他项权利体系等建议,以期进一步丰富和发展我国森林资源物权法律制度。     

对林改后加强林木采伐管理工作的探索和体会

抚州市林改工作开展一年多来,在全市各级党政的高度重视和省林业厅的具体指导下,经过广大干部群众的共同努力,改革进展顺利,理顺了产权关系,促进了森林资源增值。     

湖南国有森工企业面临的问题及对策

作者深入分析了湖南国有森工企业的现状、存在的问题及发展所面临的机遇与挑战,指出国有森工企业走出困境的出路在于加大结构调整的力度;组建湖南森工集团;加快建立现代企业制度;抓紧建立社会保障机制;加强企业领导班子建设;全面提高企业活力,增强市场竞争力。     

Using the VS‐Fast methodology for soil degradation assessment: a case study from Senegal

Soil degradation threatens sustainable food production and accelerates global warming. Poorer countries, whose agricultural sectors are highly dependent on their natural resource bases, are hit particularly hard by declining soil productivity. Calls for soil‐quality monitoring are therefore, justified and this could inform decision‐makers on the preparation of appropriate interventions. However, the provision of monitoring methodologies is not an easy task. Soil degradation affects several soil characteristics that at larger scales cannot be evaluated with models or remote‐sensing techniques. Therefore, this study focuses on investigating the use of field‐based soil assessment methodologies to differentiate degrees of soil degradation. Specifically, we test the Visual Soil Field Assessment Tool (VS‐Fast) for detecting and monitoring soil degradation using a cross‐section of 71 sites in Senegal, the soil quality of which were classed by local experts. We found low correlation between VS‐Fast classes and expert assessments. By using an ordered logit model to quantify class boundaries, we show that experts categorized areas as ‘degraded’ for a wider range and higher VS‐Fast scores than the corresponding VS‐Fast class. Yet, from general linear models and analysis of variance procedures we found that areas classed by experts as ‘degraded’ had statistically significant lower VS‐Fast scores compared to those that were judged as ‘normal’ and ‘good’, while differences of the VS‐Fast scores between the latter two were negligible. It is remarkable that the visual assessment, the cheaper component of the VS‐Fast score, performs better in differentiating degradation status than its measured counterpart. The results support the need to investigate the applicability of other VSA methodologies that only use field observations and tactile methods.     

Fengshui forest management by the Buyi ethnic minority in China

Fengshui forests, very popular among the ethnic minorities in the rural areas in Guizhou Province of China, have spiritual symbolic meanings and are strictly managed. This paper examines the nature, history, local perceptions and management of fengshui forests in two Buyi villages in the Guizhou Province. With their long history, the fengshui forests are perceived to provide good wishes, security, unity, fortune, wealth and health to the local communities. Fengshui forests act as a form of “community based nature reserve” which maintains the health of natural forests, especially hydrological features and prevention of soil erosion. Cunguimingyue (Folk Regulation and Customs) is the primary local normative mechanism that maintains the fengshui forests in a good condition. The lessons learnt from local fengshui forest management needs to be incorporated in for contemporary China's forest policy formulation as these forests play an important role in rural livelihoods.     

吉林林区社会养老保障制度改革研究

在大量调查和深入分析的基础上，揭示了吉林林区现行社会养老保障制度存在的问题，论证了深入进行社会养老保障制度改革的必要性，提出了改革和完善吉林林区社会养老保障制度的措施     

云南山地民族刀耕火种生态学定位与山地森林资源可持续利用

通过对云南省永仁县直苴村刀耕火种农业的景观生态学研究，发现在一个相当长的时期内，正是刀耕火种使山地民族社区人和森林都实现了自身的可持续发展，并同时实现了二者的和谐发展，但随着人口、资源和环境的变化，刀耕火种存在的条件不断消失，刀耕火种也必然消失，这说明任何一种物质生产方式都有其时空尺度的局限性，都必须以一定的环境条件和资源条件为基础，以区域内生态系统的健康、持续性发展为前提，