广西北部湾经济区区域政府间合作治理问题研究

广西北部湾经济区近年来在推动区际地方政府公共管理方面进行了积极的探索,取得了一定的成效,但仍存在合作层次不深、合作治理缺乏必要的制度保障和信息交流共享平台等问题。笔者通过对国内外同类区域合作治理经验的分析,提出应着力构建区域行政合作复合治理、网络化组织治理和专题项目式府际合作治理模式以及灵活长效的区域行政合作机制对策与建议,以促进区域可持续发展。     

基于RMPP分析的滨海生态旅游开发模式探析——以广西北部湾为例

以广西北部湾为例,基于RMP分析方法,提出改进后的RMPP模式,对广西滨海旅游资源(R性)、市场(M)、产品(P性)、保护(P性)4个方面关系进行分析,探讨了滨海生态旅游可持续开发模式,最后提出了广西北部湾滨海生态旅游可持续开发的实施举措。强调在资源开发方面实现由资源规划型向生态保护型转变,在产品设计方面走创新发展之路,在市场开拓方面实现从3S到3N的转变,加强区域间协作,使政府主导与社区参与并存。旨在对滨海生态旅游资源的保护与开发模式提供新的思路,同时给广西北部湾生态旅游的开发提供借鉴。     

Bottom-up forcing and the decline of Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) in Alaska: assessing the ocean climate hypothesis

Declines of Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus) populations in the Aleutian Islands and Gulf of Alaska could be a consequence of physical oceanographic changes associated with the 1976–77 climate regime shift. Changes in ocean climate are hypothesized to have affected the quantity, quality, and accessibility of prey, which in turn may have affected the rates of birth and death of sea lions. Recent studies of the spatial and temporal variations in the ocean climate system of the North Pacific support this hypothesis. Ocean climate changes appear to have created adaptive opportunities for various species that are preyed upon by Steller sea lions at mid‐trophic levels. The east–west asymmetry of the oceanic response to climate forcing after 1976–77 is consistent with both the temporal aspect (populations decreased after the late 1970s) and the spatial aspect of the decline (western, but not eastern, sea lion populations decreased). These broad‐scale climate variations appear to be modulated by regionally sensitive biogeographic structures along the Aleutian Islands and Gulf of Alaska, which include a transition point from coastal to open‐ocean conditions at Samalga Pass westward along the Aleutian Islands. These transition points delineate distinct clusterings of different combinations of prey species, which are in turn correlated with differential population sizes and trajectories of Steller sea lions. Archaeological records spanning 4000 yr further indicate that sea lion populations have experienced major shifts in abundance in the past. Shifts in ocean climate are the most parsimonious underlying explanation for the broad suite of ecosystem changes that have been observed in the North Pacific Ocean in recent decades.     

应用环境星监测北部湾地区采伐和造林动态的研究

采用2008和2009年末环境星CCD数据,对广西北部湾地区的森林采伐和造林动态进行了监测。结果表明:1)环境星CCD图像有较好的内部几何一致性,几何配准之后,2期图像之间可以达到0.5个像元以内的配准精度,适合进行动态监测;2)采用NDVI差值法,监测的采伐和造林情况与目视判读结果有很高的一致性,可以达到较高的监测精度;3)监测结果显示,监测期内广西北部湾地区桉树林的面积正在扩张,2009年末相对2008年末桉树面积增加为13.4%,其中一半以上为采伐针叶林后种植的桉树。     

泉州湾湿地景观生态规划研究

借助于景观生态规划的概念、原理、方法、程序,分析泉州湾湿地资源、环境与景观生态特征,探讨泉州湾湿地可持续发展的景观生态模式,提出建立景观生态保护区,开展生态旅游,发展绿色生态农业,开发渔业资源,发展港口经济等景观生态规划方案。     

泉州湾湿地生态旅游资源保护与开发刍议

泉州湾湿地是我国东南沿海典型湿地类型之一,其特殊的地理、自然条件和人类长期活动形成独特的湿地旅游资源,湿地多样性明显,但也伴随人为强度干预导致的景观脆弱性。为此,本文提出泉州湾湿地的保护和开发思路:①进行泉州湾湿地资源的本底调查,申报国家级湿地自然保护区;②制定湿地生态旅游发展规划,并逐步建立和完善生态旅游服务网络体系;③政府决策与社区参与相结合;④加强湿地旅游管理和环境影响评价。总之,泉州湾湿地旅游开发必须定位在生态旅游资源的保护开发,改变以往只重视其生产功能而忽视其生态、社会、文化功能的倾向,实现湿地资源的可持续利用。     

First report of signs of infection by Coccomyxa-like algae in wild blue mussels,Mytilus spp., in the Gulf of Maine (USA,Maine)

In August 2019, visual inspection of intertidal zones of the Gulf of Maine (ME, USA) revealed young and adult wild blue mussels, Mytilus spp., in Alley Bay (Jonesport area) with the distinctive L-shaped shell deformity (LSSD) and green spots (GS) in the mantle and adductor muscle. LSSD is a characteristic sign of current or previous mussel infection by photosynthetic unicellular alga from the group Coccomyxa, while GS are algal colonies. Based on these findings, this study represents the first report of infection signs by pathogenic Coccomyxa-like algae in mussels from the coastal waters of the Northeastern United States, providing a base for future large scale monitoring of the alga in the region.     

Dolphins in a bottle: abundance,residency patterns and conservation of bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus in the semi‐closed eutrophic Amvrakikos Gulf,Greece

• 1. Boat surveys were conducted between 2002 and 2005 to study bottlenose dolphins living in the 400 km² Amvrakikos Gulf, western Greece. During 116 survey days, 4705 km of total effort resulted in the individual photo‐identification of 106 animals, through long‐term natural markings on their dorsal fins.
• 2. Mark–recapture analyses based on the M_th model provided estimates of 82 marked individuals in 2003 (95% CI=80–91), 92 in 2004 (95% CI=86–108) and 98 in 2005 (95% CI=94–110). To include the unmarked portion of the population, the proportion of unmarked individuals was computed based on the number of photographs of marked and unmarked dorsal fins. The mean proportion of unmarked animals in the population was 0.338 (95% CI=0.288–0.389). By adding this to the estimate for marked animals in 2005, considered as the most robust, a total population estimate of 148 individuals (95% CI=132–180) was obtained.
• 3. Dolphin encounter rates in 2003–2005 did not show significant variations, and averaged 7.2 groups per 100 km or 72.5 individuals per 100 km. Encounter rates within the Gulf were about one order of magnitude greater than those found for bottlenose dolphins in nearby eastern Ionian Sea coastal waters.
• 4. Mean dolphin density in the Gulf was 0.37 animals km^?2. This relatively high density, together with high levels of site fidelity shown by most individuals, was thought to be related primarily to prey availability, particularly of epipelagic schooling fish.
• 5. The importance of the semi‐closed Amvrakikos Gulf for bottlenose dolphins and other threatened species encourages the adoption of measures aimed to conserve its valuable ecosystems and raise the naturalistic profile of the area, while promoting environment‐conscious development. Meaningful action includes restoring natural hydrology (e.g. freshwater input from rivers), curtailing pollution from various sources, responsible fisheries and aquaculture management, and control of illegal fishing. Interactions between dolphins and fisheries also deserve careful quantitative investigation.

Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.