Sulphur and nitrogen content as sulphur deficiency indicator for grasses

In Europe, during the last 30 years, the decrease in sulphur (S) atmospheric depositions has led to S deficient grasslands. Concern for S fertilisation resulted in research about S fertilisation advices and definition of S nutritional diagnostic tools for plants. However, for grasses, S nutrition indicators are still discussed. We propose a diagnostic tool based upon linear relationships linking the sulphur and nitrogen (N) content of grasses. This diagnostic tool is built thanks to data from field and pot trials treated with an algorithm (Bolides) and discriminant analyses. The relationships allow the characterisation of the grass sulphur nutritional status following four categories: certainly sufficient, probably sufficient, probably deficient and certainly deficient. This relation based and tested on a large dataset from literature and own field trials allowed diagnosing correctly 94% of the sulphur sufficient grasses and 71% of the sulphur deficient grasses.     

互花米草中NHX基因片段的克隆与序列分析

利用同源克隆方法从盐生植物互花米草（Spartina alterniflora）中分离并克隆出Na~＋/H~＋逆向转运蛋白基因的1段cDNA片段,长度为951 bp,推测编码317个氨基酸。氨基酸序列的对位排列分析显示,该cDNA片段对应的氨基酸序列与已知的植物液泡膜型Na~＋/H~＋逆向转运蛋白的氨基酸序列有较高的相似性,且与禾本科植物中的同源物之间的关系更为密切。     

秋水仙素对大蒜生长的影响及多倍体诱导效应分析

[目的]探讨诱导大蒜染色体加倍的有效方法。[方法]以秋水仙素为诱变剂,比较不同浓度和不同时间处理对大蒜的多倍体诱导效应。[结果]经秋水仙素处理过的植株,在相同浓度下,随着秋水仙素处理时间的延长,株高降低,细胞有丝分裂指数减小,染色体加倍率升高。在相同的处理时间内,随着秋水仙素浓度的升高,株高降低,细胞有丝分裂指数明显减小,染色体加倍率显著升高。当秋水仙素浓度为0.05%,处理6 d时,染色体加倍率达到最高,为28.67%。随着浓度的增加和处理时间的延长,植株的死亡率逐渐上升,气孔面积也呈上升趋势。[结论]该研究为丰富大蒜种质资源和加速高产优质大蒜的育种进程奠定了基础。     

江苏省如东县未来5年农业产值的预测

根据2001年至2007年如东县的农业产值统计资料,应用GM（1,1）模型和线性回归模型,预测了该县2008～2012年农业产值的发展趋势。     

玉米Na~+/H~+逆向转运蛋白基因ZmSOS1的克隆与鉴定

[目的]克隆玉米Na^＋／H^＋逆向转运蛋白基因,为研究此类基因在玉米非生物胁迫抗性机制中的功能奠定基础。[方法]采用电子克隆、RT—PCR、生物信息学方法,从玉米基因组中克隆1个质膜型Na^＋／H^＋逆向转运蛋白基因,并鉴定该基因编码产物的跨膜结构预测以及在盐胁迫下的表达模式等信息。[结果]利用电子克隆方法,从玉米中克隆出1个质膜型Na^＋／H^＋逆向转运蛋白基因ZmSOS1;Zm-SOS1基因的开放阅读框长3411bp,编码1136个氨基酸;序列分析表明,ZmSOS1蛋白与拟南芥和水稻同源物AtSOSl、OsSOS1的氨基酸序列一致性分别为61％和82％;RT—PCR分析表明,ZmSOS1基因的表达可以被盐胁迫诱导增强,表明其可能在玉米耐盐性上发挥功能。[结论]ZmSDS1是一个公认的质膜型Na^＋／A^＋逆向转运蛋白基因,并可能参与玉米的非生物胁迫反应。     

鸡粪中具有产酒精能力酵母的初步筛选

[目的]筛选能发酵产酒精的酵母茵。[方法]在鸡粪样品中经过初筛、复筛,以及生理生化试验和发酵试验,确定所筛选的酵母菌株产酒精的能力,并对所筛选出菌株的适宜生长条件做初步研究。[结果]共筛选出4株可发酵菌株：HY-1、HY-2、HY-3和HY．4,其中HY-1产酒精能力最高。[结论]HY-1菌株的适宜生长条件为：pH值6．5,温度30℃,最适碳源为葡萄糖。该茵株的致死温度为50℃。在最适奈件下进行HY-1的酒精发酵试验,测得发酵液中的酒精度达6．90％。     

Structural Analysis of a Heteropolysaccharide from Saccharina japonica by Electrospray Mass Spectrometry in Tandem with Collision-Induced Dissociation Tandem Mass Spectrometry (ESI-CID-MS/MS)

A fucoidan extracted from Saccharina japonica was fractionated by anion exchange chromatography. The most complex fraction F0.5 was degraded by dilute sulphuric acid and then separated by use of an activated carbon column. Fraction Y1 was fractionated by anion exchange and gel filtration chromatography while Fraction Y2 was fractionated by gel filtration chromatography. The fractions were determined by ESI-MS and analyzed by ESI-CID-MS/MS. It was concluded that F0.5 had a backbone of alternating 4-linked GlcA and 2-linked Man with the first Man residue from the nonreducing end accidentally sulfated at C6. In addition, F0.5 had a 3-linked glucuronan, in accordance with a previous report by NMR. Some other structural characteristics included GlcA 1→3 Man 1→4 GlcA, Man 1→3 GlcA 1→4 GlcA, Fuc 1→4 GlcA and Fuc 1→3 Fuc. Finally, it was shown that fucose was sulfated at C2 or C4 while galactose was sulfated at C2, C4 or C6.     

ACVR1基因对京海黄鸡生长和繁殖性状的遗传效应研究

以京海黄鸡为材料,采用PCR-SSCP和DNA测序技术对ACVR1基因外显子多态性进行研究。结果表明,ACVR1基因20190 bp处发生G→A突变,检测到AA、AB和BB 3种基因型。A等位基因频率为0.9075,B等位基因频率为0.0925。基因型与生长和繁殖性状的关联性分析发现,BB基因型鸡的开产体重极显著高于AA基因型鸡(P<0.01),AA基因型鸡300日龄体重显著高于BB基因型鸡(P<0.05)。由此初步推断,ACVR1基因可能对京海黄鸡的产蛋和发育有一定的影响,A为体重的优势基因,B为产蛋的优势基因。     

细胞分裂素对小麦幼苗叶片生理生化指标的影响

采用不同浓度的细胞分裂素处理小麦幼苗,研究小麦叶片生理生化指标的变化。结果表明,细胞分裂素浓度为5mg/L时,小麦叶片的SOD、CAT和POD活性最高,同时MDA含量最低,说明5mg/L细胞分裂素可促进小麦生长。     

社会学视野下南通农村乡土民居百年演变

通过对南通农村民居百年变迁历史的回顾与总结,结合时代特征与经济文化背景,分析了3个时期民居的文化风格与建筑特色,强调了新时代下农村民居传统特色的消失应引起人们的重视。以南通农村百年民居的变迁为缩影,主张农村民居建设应注重对当代地域文化的表现。