苹果炭疽病抗性miRNA的筛选

为筛选炭疽病菌侵染苹果属植物后相关miRNA的响应情况,以抗病品种‘八棱脆’海棠、感病品种‘嘎啦’苹果2个为试验材料,分别用胶胞炭疽孢子悬浮液侵染组培苗,4天后发病,提取植物总RNA并反转miRNA,用qRT-PCR分析2种植物中抗病相关miRNA相对表达量的差异,并对其靶基因进行预测。在抗性品种中miR390a和miR396b/c/f表达量下调,而在感病品种中表达量上调,且其靶基因均有LRR受体样丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白,miR482b靶基因为抗性蛋白。miR390a、miR482b和miR396b/c/f可能在苹果炭疽病的侵染过程中起重要作用。     

大球盖菇林地栽培技术

为促进北京林下种植业发展,根据大球盖菇的特征特性,在适宜地区开展林地栽培,不仅就地消化处理木屑、秸秆、杂草等资源,还满足了食用菌市场需求。北京农学院与密云区农业技术推广站联合从大球盖菇的基本特性、林地要求与栽培季节、栽培原料选择和常见配方、灌溉要求及技术、种植方法等几个方面进行了推广示范,以期为大球盖菇林地栽培提供技术支持。     

消费者视角下的北京农产品品牌资产研究——以“小汤山”蔬菜为例

为了能够完善北京农产品品牌资产的建设、提升和维护,故选择“小汤山”蔬菜作为测试品牌进行实证研究。通过构建品牌资产模型来研究消费者视角下的北京农产品品牌资产的构成因素和影响,利用Pearson相关系数进行相关性分析,从而得到消费者视角下的北京农产品品牌资产由品牌认知度、区域联想、品牌感知和品牌忠诚4个维度构成,且存在一定相关关系,共同作用、影响着品牌资产。最终研究表明,北京农产品品牌资产的提升,需要其进一步提高品牌知名度,增加品牌的区域联想,加强消费者对农产品的品牌感知,从而让消费者形成品牌忠诚,最终使得农产品品牌资产得到提升,促使企业获得营收。     

不同氮素浓度对水培韭菜生长发育与品质的影响

为确定韭菜水培营养液的氮素水平,试验设置4、6、8、10、12(CK)、14、16mmol·L-1共7个氮素浓度梯度处理,采用北京市农林科学院蔬菜研究中心研发的新型水培系统进行水培试验,通过对水培韭菜的生长指标、单株干质量及鲜质量、产量、生理指标以及营养品质等测定分析表明:适合用于水培韭菜的营养液氮素水平为8~12mmol·L-1,其中以10mmol·L-1氮素浓度的营养液水培韭菜其生长状况及产量最佳;12mmol·L-1氮素浓度的营养液水培韭菜品质最优。     

搔菌对北虫草生长的影响(英文)

北虫草在药用价值、营养成分、微量元素含量等方面可与野生的冬虫夏草相媲美,因而吸引很多的科研工作者对栽培方法进行探究.本文就搔菌一环节对北虫草生长做了认真细致的试验,得出如下结论:搔菌可以更好的促进菌丝转色,缩短出草周期,并且可以有效的防止"边草"和"不出草"现象的发生,使虫草子实体生长的更加茂密、整齐。     

Changes in carbohydrate levels and their metabolic enzymes in leaves,phloem sap and mesocarp during cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) fruit development

Levels of carbohydrates and activities of metabolic enzymes were examined in leaves (source), phloem sap (flow) and mesocarp tissues (sink) in the course of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) fruit development, from 2 days before anthesis to 20 days after anthesis. While total sugar levels increased in all the three sampling organs, starch levels declined in leaves and mesocarp tissues as fruit development progressed. Glucose and fructose were the primary contributors to the soluble sugar pools in mature leaves. Stachyose was found as the most important component of the phloem sap extracts, followed by sucrose and raffinose. However, the primary sugars accumulated in mesocarp tissues were glucose and fructose, not stachyose or sucrose. Activities of sucrose synthesizing enzymes (sucrose phosphate synthase plus sucrose synthase in the synthesizing direction) exceeded that of sucrose degrading enzymes (acid invertase, neutral invertase plus sucrose synthase in the degrading direction) in leaves, which might cause a sucrose pool utilized in raffinose and stachyose biosynthesis. While alkaline a-galactosidase form I activity declined, stachyose synthase activity showed a rapid increase until 12 days after anthesis and only subsequently decreased in leaves. Activities of sucrose degrading enzymes were always much higher than that of sucrose synthesizing enzymes in mesocarp tissues. Thus, sucrose accumulation could not occur in mesocarp tissues. While stachyose synthase activity steadily decreased, alkaline a-galactosidase form I activity showed a moderate increase before decrease in mesocarp tissues. The relationship between levels of soluble sugars and activities of relative enzymes was also discussed.     

基于北京大兴区调查的农户需求分析

近年来，北京市按照统筹城乡经济社会协调发展的要求，在各郊区县大力推进社会主义新农村建设，并取得了良好成绩。但是，与北京郊区农村既定的现代化目标相比，现阶段北京郊区农村经济社会发展水平仍有较大差距。本研究通过入户调查和资料分析，以大兴区农户为例，探讨当前北京新农村建设背景下农民对生产与科技、农业金融贷款和信息的需求情况，以便为农业部门找准今后新农村建设工作的重点和关键点。在此基础上，针对农户需求的现状和普遍存在的问题，提出了相应的政策建议。     

融入企业精神的工业景观——江西赣西选配煤中心景观环境设计

以表达工矿企业环境景观设计对体现企业精神的重要作用为目的,以赣西选配煤中心全区的景观设计为例,通过整体布局、树种选择、景观构筑物的设计来营造一种既有区域特点,又有企业特色的场所精神。这种精神可以使企业产生凝聚力,提升企业的诚信度和文化品味,从而形成一种独特的工业景观。     

1株新ST型猪链球菌的分离鉴定

从健康仔猪鼻腔分离到1株血清8型猪链球菌,基因型为mrp-efsly+,命名为RC4726。对青霉素类、头孢菌素类、磺胺类、喹诺酮类药物敏感,对红霉素、阿齐霉素、克林霉素和四环素耐药,MIC值分别为0.5 mg/mL,2 mg/mL,0.5 mg/mL,4 mg/mL。4×108CFU不能使C57BL6小鼠发病。MLST结果显示,RC4726的7个管家基因的座位分别为18,34,24,12,1,1,4。试验结果表明RC4726是一个新ST型,属于非致病性猪链球菌。     

Luteolin prevents fMLP-induced neutrophils adhesionvia suppression of LFA-1 and phosphodiesterase 4 activity

Luteolin is an active ingredient found early from Folium perillae and Flos lonicerae, and has a specific inhibition on phosphodiesterase 4(PDE4) activity in vitro. Researches show luteolin has pharmacological effects of anti-inflammation, anti-anaphylaxis, antitumor, antioxidant, protection of nervous system and so on, and has mainly been used for the treatment of respiratory inflammatory diseases, cancer and cardiovascular disease in clinic. PDE4, specific to hydrolyze cyclic AMP(c AMP), is considered to be a new anti-inflammatory target due to the decisive role on c AMP signal in inflammatory cells such as neutrophils. In order to explore the anti-inflammatory mechanism, we further studied the effects of luteolin on the activity and expression of PDE4, the expression of lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1(LFA-1) and macrophage-1(MAC-1) in neutrophils, and the adhesion of neutrophils and endothelial cells. The results showed that luteolin had a dose-dependent inhibition on both bare PDE4 activity and PDE4 in cultured neutrophils, and had an obviously promotive effect on gene expressions of PDE4 A, 4B and 4D in later period. Luteolin had a significant inhibitory effect on neutrophils adhesion and LFA-1 expression in early stage, and had no obvious effect on MAC-1 expression. Therefore, luteolin can inhibit LFA-1 expression of neutrophils, then inhibit the adhesion of neutrophils and endothelial cells, and the mechanism is at least related with the inhibition of PDE4 activity.