二斑叶螨对甲氰菊酯和螺螨酯的抗性选育及增效剂的增效作用

［目的］ 探索二斑叶螨对甲氰菊酯和螺螨酯种群的抗性机理和抗性治理途径。 ［方法］ 采用室内生物测定法,以采自兰州兴隆山自然保护区的二斑叶螨为敏感种群（S）,在室内用甲氰菊酯和螺螨酯分别对二斑叶螨进行抗性选育;用增效醚(PBO)、顺丁烯二酸二乙酯(DEM)、磷酸三甲苯酯(TPP)、有机硅、噻酮进行增效作用研究。［结果］二斑叶螨经室内甲氰菊酯和螺螨酯抗性选育45代和30代后,抗性倍数分别达到314.50倍和77.92倍。TPP、PBO、DEM 3种增效剂对二斑叶螨抗甲氰菊酯种群的抗敏增效比分别为12.15、7.78和3.09,推测其抗性机理涉及的主要解毒酶是羧酸酯酶和多功能氧化酶; DEM对二斑叶螨抗螺螨酯种群的抗敏增效比大于TPP和PBO,分别为4.87、3.67和1.91,二斑叶螨对螺螨酯产生抗性机理可能与谷胱甘肽转移酶和羧酸酯酶活性增强有关。有机硅和噻酮对二斑叶螨抗甲氰菊酯和螺螨酯种群的抗敏增效指数比分别为1.38、1.42和1.18、0.92,说明二斑叶螨的抗性与表皮通透性改变关系不密切。 ［结论］ 上述结果可以为二斑叶螨的抗性治理提供依据。     

广东惠东海龟国家级自然保护区动物多样性调查

了解广东惠东海龟国家级自然保护区动物资源现状,可为保护区建设规划及生态系统维护提供理论参考。采用样线法、红外相机法、市场调查法、悬网捕捞法系统调查了区内的动物种类,分析了多样性指数以及绿海龟(Chelonia mydas)与其他物种的关系。结果表明,调查共记录动物116种,其中无脊椎动物55种,包括浮游动物13种、软体动物25种、节肢动物16种;脊椎动物61种,包括鱼类43种、两栖动物1种、爬行动物2种、鸟类12种、兽类3种。保护区内有国家 级重点保护野生动物1种、 级重点保护野生动物4种、“三有”名录物种11种、《IUCN物种红色名录》濒危物种3种、易危物种3种、近危物种3种。保护区Simpson优势度指数为0.96,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数为3.75,Pielou均匀度指数为0.78;本底动物物种资源丰富,各物种分布较为均匀,群落多样性高,动物资源中既包括了绿海龟的食物来源,也存在绿海龟的天敌;在绿海龟濒危的背景下,制定基于物种多样性的海龟保护管理策略成为当务之急。     

Comparisons of carcass traits,meat quality,and serum metabolome between Shaziling and Yorkshire pigs

This study aims to compare the meat quality of Shaziling and Yorkshire pigs and to find the potential indicator in serum for superior meat quality. Six Shaziling and Yorkshire pigs at 30, 60, 90, 150, 210, and300 d of age were selected to examine carcass traits, meat quality, and serum metabolome. The results showed that the body weight, carcass length, and loin eye area of Shaziling pigs at 150, 210, and 300 d of age were significantly lower than those of Yorkshire pigs (P <0.05). Shaziling ...     

喀纳斯自然保护区2树种树干液流变化特征及其与气象因子的关系

采用热扩散式探针法 (TDP) 对西伯利亚落叶松、疣枝桦的阳生面和阴生面树干液流进行测定,结合自动气象站同步监测光合有效辐射 (PAR)、空气温度 (T)、空气湿度 (RH)、饱和水汽压、风速等气象因子,分析气象因子与2树种树干液流的相关关系。结果表明：西伯利亚落叶松和疣枝桦阳生面、阴生面树干液流日变化均呈明显的 “昼高夜低” 的典型单峰曲线型变化,且阳生面高于阴生面,树干液流变化幅度西伯利亚落叶松大于疣枝桦。在生长季节,西伯利亚落叶松阳生面、阴生面树干液流月平均值均呈递减趋势,其液流平均最大值出现在6月,平均最小值出现在9月。疣枝桦阳生面树干液流月平均值呈先增后减的趋势,最大值出现在8月,最小值出现在6月;阴生面树干液流呈递增趋势,最大值出现在9月,最小值出现在6月。相关分析表明,气象因子与2树种树干液流相关性大小依次为：气温 > 光合有效辐射 > 空气相对湿度 > 风速 > 水汽压,气温和光有效辐射是影响液流速率的主要因子。     

信息化促进西南森林航空消防事业发展

简要介绍了西南航空护林总站信息化建设的历史和现状,以及不同时期信息化建设在西南森林航空消防工作中所发挥的作用,结合当前森林防火工作形势,阐述了下一步信息化建设的原则和目标。     

湖南重点产竹县竹产业发展现状与发展趋势

在总结湖南省重点产竹县竹产业发展现状的基础上,对比分析重点县的竹产业发展现状,剖析当前该省竹产业发展方面存在的主要问题,并提出了发展趋势。     

Frequent mutation of BAP1 in metastasizing uveal melanomas

Metastasis is a defining feature of malignant tumors and is the most common cause of cancer-related death, yet the genetics of metastasis are poorly understood. We used exome capture coupled with massively parallel sequencing to search for metastasis-related mutations in highly metastatic uveal melanomas of the eye. Inactivating somatic mutations were identified in the gene encoding BRCA1-associated protein 1 (BAP1) on chromosome 3p21.1 in 26 of 31 (84%) metastasizing tumors, including 15 mutations causing premature protein termination and 5 affecting its ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase domain. One tumor harbored a frameshift mutation that was germline in origin, thus representing a susceptibility allele. These findings implicate loss of BAP1 in uveal melanoma metastasis and suggest that the BAP1 pathway may be a valuable therapeutic target.     

黄淮麦区不同生态型小麦籽粒灌浆特性分析

以目前河南省生产上推广的小麦品种和河南省洛阳市农业科学研究院新培育的小麦品种为材料,用Logisitic方程对黄淮麦区不同生态型小麦品种的籽粒灌浆过程进行了拟合;用变异系数法分析了各灌浆参数的变异大小,用相关分析研究了灌浆参数与粒重的关系。结果表明,旱地各灌浆参数变异系数均大于水地,水旱地品种均为T3、R3的变异系数较大,其次是R1和R;水地品种间Tmax和T差异小,相对稳定;旱地品种R2和T相对稳定。水地品种中,最大灌浆达到时间Tmax、最大灌浆速率Rmax、平均灌浆速率R和各阶段灌浆速率是影响其粒重的主要因素,其中R对粒重的影响达极显著水平;而对旱地品种,与粒重显著相关的灌浆参数为R3、R、T2。针对河南省豫西丘陵地区小麦灌浆后期常有干热风的气候特征,通过栽培措施协调不同生态型小麦品种灌浆速率与持续时间的矛盾,针对不同灌浆特点选育不同用途小麦品种,从而达到增加粒重、获得高产的目的。     

无定河中游左岸监测区潜伏的土壤退化问题及其对策研究

本文在对无定河中游左岸监测区流域内农林业生产基地及主要农业作物进行详细调研后,选取不同地形结构(坡地、梯田和坝地)、不同措施配置(乔木林、灌木林)等10种农业用地的地类,进行土壤理化指标监测,并对监测结果进行横向和纵向两个层面分析,发现各种地类的各类指标均存在着不同水平的退化趋势,并针对问题提出了3项治理措施。     

The dynamics of bacterial community in a polyculture aquaculture system of Penaeus chinensis,Rhopilema esculenta and Sinonovacula constricta

Polyculture with Chinese shrimp Penaeus chinensis, jellyfish Rhopilema esculenta and razor clam Sinonovacula constricta (S.J.R) is a common aquaculture system in Dandong, China. Investigation on the composition and function of microbial communities and their relationship with environmental factors in aquaculture systems have crucial implications. Therefore, the sequencing of 16S rRNA gene was applied to profile the bacterial community composition of water and sediment in S.J.R polyculture system in the present study. Proteobacteria was the dominant phylum in S.J.R polyculture ponds following with Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes in water; in contrast, more diverse phyla were detected in sediments. Water temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen were determined the bacterial community composition in the S.J.R polyculture systems. Specially, Planktomarina, PS1 clade, Candidatus Aquiluna and Fibrobacteres, which can resist the phytoplankton blooms or degrade the cellulose, were more abundant in water at the early stage of cultivation in the S.J.R polyculture system. Moreover, the functions of bacterial communities in water were mainly associated with cell communication mediated, while the functions related to basal metabolism were enriched in sediments. The findings of this study allowed us to better understand the bacterial community in the S.J.R polyculture system and accumulated data for the improvement of cultural management.