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71.
72.
河西走廊的草地资源位于西北荒漠的大背景中,由山地、荒漠和绿洲三个子系统构成,其中荒漠子系统居主导地位,具有先天的脆弱性。它们在人为干预下,在自然生态系统的农业化过程中,发生了山地一绿洲一荒漠组成的耦合农业系统。由于耦合不够完善,它所固有的相悖因素未能有效控制,形成涵有系列相悖因子群的系统相悖。主要表现为时间相悖,空间相悖和种间相悖。三者互相影响,但时间相悖起主导作用,使系统的生态危机加剧。它通常表现为草原退化。对草地农业生态系统的自由能的调控,保持自由能的积累和输出基本相当,是防止草原退化的根本出路。草原退化是草地对于草食动物压迫的对策系统和动物对于草地负荷行为的对策系统的综合反映。放牧程度可以作为草原退化过程的向量系统,但不是草原退化的本质。 相似文献
73.
动物营养中必需微量元素-钼 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:9
人们对钼生化功能的研究可追溯到1953年,当时DeRenzo等发现饲料中的钼含量对大鼠组织中黄嘌呤氧化酶(XO)的活性有明显影响,同年Richert等证实,提纯的黄嘌呤氧化酶中含有金属钼,从而明确了钼在哺乳动物代谢中的作用。次年,Mahler等又从兔肝中发现了新的钼 相似文献
74.
Shelan Liu Yong Yang Zhifeng Pang Ying Liu Huan Li Jian Cai Zhuoying Wu Yan Luo Yuhuan Tang Lihong Ying Shuwen Qin Ziping Miao Na Zhao Yijuan Chen Jinren Pan Shijian Li Zhao Yu Feng Ling Enfu Chen Zhiping Chen 《Zoonoses and public health》2023,70(1):93-102
A cluster of Chlamydia psittaci (C. psittaci) cases was reported in Zhejiang Province, China, 2019. This study evaluates the extent of the outbreak and determines the source of infection. Real-time PCR and sequencing of the ompA gene of C. psittaci were performed to identify the cases, the domesticated poultry and close contacts. The index patient was a 76-year-old woman with chronic vertigo, and Case 2 was a 64-year-old female farmer with herpes zoster. Both women bought psittaci-infected chickens or ducks from the same mobile street vendor and raised them for 10 days and 23 days before fever onset. There were no direct contact between the two women. C. psittaci test was positive for the two patients, one sick chicken, three healthy ducks and the vendor's chicken cage. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all seven C. psittaci positive samples carried identical ompA genotype A of C. psittaci. Of all of the patients' 148 close contacts, none tested positive for C. psittaci, or developed acute respiratory symptoms. Both patients were discharged after a 4-week hospital stay. In conclusion, the source of this cluster was the poultry infected with C. psittaci, which occasionally cause infections in farmers, but inter-human transmission seems unlikely. 相似文献
75.
76.
Wang R Yuan LG He LM Zhu LX Luo XY Zhang CY Yu JJ Fang BH Liu YH 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2011,34(3):247-251
Wang, R., Yuan, L.G., He, L.M., Zhu, L.X., Luo, X.Y., Zhang, C.Y., Yu, J.J., Fang, B.H., Liu, Y.H. Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of valnemulin in broiler chickens. J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap. 34 , 247–251. The objective of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of valnemulin in broiler chickens after intravenous (i.v.), intramuscular (i.m.) and oral administrations of 10 mg/kg body weight (bw). Plasma samples were analyzed by high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC‐MS/MS). Pharmacokinetic characterization was performed by non‐compartmental analysis using WinNonlin program. After intravenous administration, distribution was wide with the volume of distribution based on terminal phase(Vz) of 4.27 ± 0.99 L /kg. Mean valnemulin t1/2β(h), Clβ(L /h /kg), Vss (L /kg) and AUC(0–∞)(μg·h /mL) values were 2.85, 0.99, 2.72 and 10.34, respectively. After intramuscular administration, valnemulin was rapidly absorbed with a Cmax of 2.2 μg/mL achieved at 0.43 h (tmax), and the absolute bioavailability (F) was 88.81%; and for the oral route the same parameters were 0.66 ± 0.15 μg/mL, 1.54 ± 0.27 h and 74.42%. A multiple‐peak phenomenon was present after oral administration. The plasma profile of valnemulin exhibited a secondary peak during 2–6 h and a tertiary peak at 32 h. The favorable PK behavior, such as the wide distribution, slow elimination and acceptable bioavailability indicated that it is likely to be effective in chickens. 相似文献
77.
This study was conducted to investigate the pattern of DNA methylation in pronuclearstage mouse embryos derived from vitrified-warmed oocytes.Mouse oocytes at metaphase Ⅱ (MⅡ) stage of meiosis were all... 相似文献
78.
在小蚕片叶立体一日一回育的基础上,试验了平行串法小蚕片叶立体一日一回育,与立体一日二回育比,节约用桑3%,节约劳力36%,张种产量提高8.5%,还阐明了该法的技术要点。 相似文献
79.
80.
JI Xiang-bo YAO Guo-jia LIU Jian CHEN Li-dun LI Xin-zheng YANG Jian-ping ZANG Yan-quan 《中国畜牧兽医》2015,42(10):2669-2675
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of soybean meal replaced by brewer's grain (BSG) or fermented brewer's grain (FBSG) on growth performance,immune organ index and intestinal flora of meat geese.A total of 250 geese at 28 days of age were randomly assigned to 5 groups with 5 replicates per group and 10 geese per replicate.The geese in control group were fed a basal diet (with soybean);The geese in groups 1 and 2 were fed the basal diet with the 10% and 20% BSG replacing the soybean,respectively;The geese in groups 3 and 4 were fed the basal diet with the 10% and 20% FBSG replacing the soybean,respectively.The whole experiment period was 42 days,including three phases:15 d (early stage),14 d (middle stage) and 14 d (later stage).The results showed as follows:①From the whole experiment period,compared with control group,the ADG of geese in group 1 was significantly increased (P<0.05),the ADG and ADFI of geese in group 4 were significantly decreased (P<0.05),there were no obvious change in growth performance of geese in groups 2 and 3 (P>0.05).② Compared with control group,the thymus index and spleen index of geese in groups 1,2 and 3 were extremely significantly increased at early stage (P<0.01);At middle and later stages,the spleen index of geese in group 2 were significantly and extremely significantly increased (P<0.05;P<0.01);There were no significant differences in bursa of fabricius index of geese among all groups (P>0.05).③ Compared with control group,the number of Escherichia coli and Salmonella in cecum in groups 1 and 2 were extremely significantly decreased at early and later stages (P<0.01),while the number of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus were increased in different degrees;the number of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus in cecum in groups 3 and 4 were extremely significantly increased at later stage (P<0.01).In conclusion,10% BSG replacing soybean in the basal diet could improve the growth performance and intestinal flora of meat geese;10% FBSG replacing soybean in the basal diet could promote the growth of beneficial bacteria of meat geese,but had no effect on growth performance;While 20% replacing soybean in the basal diet could decrease the feed intake and weight gain of meat geese,hinder its growth and development. 相似文献