不同生物治理措施对赤红壤抗蚀性影响的研究

采用营造大叶相思水土保持林和种植荔枝、龙眼、杨梅等果树的措施治理严重退化赤红壤,对不同航对照的土壤抗蚀性研究,结果表明：采用不同生物措施治理后土壤抗蚀性大小顺序为：２７年生杨梅（Ｔ２３）;６年生大叶相思（Ｔ１２）、２８年生的荔枝（Ｔ２１）、龙眼（Ｔ２２）和６年生荔枝（Ｔ１１）。采用受蚀性指数ＥＶＡ、土壤有机质、结构体破坏率,大于１ｍｍ水稳性团粒含量以及侵率,能较好地表征赤红壤抗蚀性,在果园中引进以     

中山市资源节约型农业发展模式

本文以广东省中山市农业的发展为案例,定性分析了该地区发展节约型农业的模式,以及由此带来的经济效益、生态效益和社会效益。在对中山市农业进行科学评价的基础上,确定了该市节约型农业的主要发展模式为：节地模式的土地流转和提高耕地质量,节水模式的微灌,节肥模式的测土配方。     

银杏幼胚离体培养再生植株的研究

 以佛手银杏幼胚为外植体, 研究了不同大小幼胚在不同培养条件下, 愈伤组织和胚状体的诱导发育情况。结果表明: 大于3 mm的幼胚, 在MK +NAA 1.0 mg·L ^{- 1} +BA 1.0 mg·L ^{- 1}培养基上胚状体诱导率最高, 达到53.6% , 最多的一块愈伤组织形成多达38个胚状体。暗培养不利于胚状体的发生。在MK培养基上添加10%椰汁对胚状体的生长发育有很好的促进作用, 有34.5%生长成苗。     

Symbiotic N<Subscript>2</Subscript> fixation and nitrate utilisation in irrigated lucerne (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Medicago sativa</Emphasis>) systems

Symbiotic N₂ fixation by lucerne (Medicago sativa) has capacity to provide significant inputs of N to agro-ecosystems, and the species has also been shown to scavenge soil mineral N and thus act as a sink for excess reactive N. The balance between these two N cycle processes was investigated in an extensive irrigated lucerne growing region where nitrate contamination of groundwater has been reported. We sampled 18 permanent pure lucerne stands under irrigation for standing dry matter, total shoot N, and N₂ fixation using ¹⁵N natural abundance along with activity of the inducible enzyme nitrate reductase as indicators of use of soil NO₃⁻ by lucerne. On average 65% of lucerne N was obtained from symbiotic N₂ fixation. Converting standing dry matter estimates to annual N₂ fixation amounts we calculated average N₂ fixation of 311 kg N/ha, including N in roots and nodules. Uptake of N from soil by lucerne was calculated to be 181 kg N/ha/year. We were not able to identify the source of this soil mineral N, although nitrate reductase activity of lucerne was higher than that of non-N₂ fixing species examined.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Pinus halepensis</Emphasis> somatic embryogenesis is affected by the physical and chemical conditions at the initial stages of the process

Pinus halepensis has been described as a drought-tolerant species with high plasticity to growth in different environments. Its eco-physiological characteristics could facilitate the use of this species in large afforestations in the future scenery of climate change. Somatic embryogenesis is a biotechnological tool with potential for large-scale clonal propagation. In order to establish an improved regeneration protocol for Pinus halepensis, the effects of different temperatures (18, 23, and 28 °C) and water availability conditions (2, 3, and 4 g L^?1 Gelrite^®), during initiation of embryonal masses on the rate of initiation, proliferation, maturation, and the number of embryos developed, were evaluated. It was found that environmental conditions during the initiation stage of Pinus halepensis somatic embryogenesis influence the success of initiation and proliferation. In contrast, there was no effect of these conditions on the maturation rates and the number of somatic embryos. Somatic embryos were obtained in all treatments tested, indicating that plants can be produced from extreme conditions of induction, such as high temperatures (28 °C) and low water availability conditions (4 g L^?1).     

不同泡田时间对超级稻免耕抛秧产量与效益的影响

试验结果表明,在相同的管理条件下,不同泡田时间对超级稻免耕抛秧产量与效益有一定的影响。抛秧前泡田天数对免耕田耕作层的软化深度、抛秧后立苗、分蘖消长、生育进度、产量构成因素都有较明显的影响。在泡田时间4～10 d的范围内,随着泡田时间的增加,产量与效益也随着增加。在季节允许的情况下,综合平衡各种因素,抛秧前泡田时间应不少于6 d,比较理想的为8～12 d。     

探讨园林绿化的市场运作

将园林绿化的工作通过市场的运作,逐步实现市场管理,从无形到有形,从无序到有序的转变。