加快转产项目建设积极进行产业、产品结构调整

本文结合大兴安岭地区的实际情况,以实施“天保工程”为出发点,分析了转产项目建设面临的诸多问题,并提出了改革建议和转产项目开发建设应遵循的原则及发展方向。     

哈尔滨市三种园林害虫发生期测报的研究

为食叶害虫黄褐天幕毛虫，榆紫叶甲，舞毒蛾的发生期测报提供物候和有效积温等几种有价值的方法。     

Impacts of mixed litter decomposition from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Robinia pseudoacacia</Emphasis> and other tree species on C loss and nutrient release in the Loess Plateau of China

The productivity of Robinia pseudoacacia (R.p.) pure forest usually declines at the late growth stage, and reforming it into mixed forests could be a promising way to resolve this problem. When choosing a suitable tree species that can be mixed with R.p., the interspecific relationship is an important issue. Therefore, we gathered the autumn litter fall from R.p. and 10 other species from the Loess Plateau of China were mixed in dual species litterbags (R.p. + each other species) and buried them in soil for a 345 days lab decay incubation. We measured the litter mass loss and nutrient contents to determine whether the nutrient release was affected by mixed species litter decomposition. The impacts of mixed litter decomposition on macro-elements release were more obvious than on micro-elements. The litters with similar substrate quality might show variable impacts on nutrients release in mixed decomposition. The C loss and release of nutrient was improved by descending order when R.p. litter was mixed with Hippophae rhamnoides, Ulmus pumila, Populus simonii, Larix principis-rupprechtii and Quercus liaotungensis (Q.l.). But, except for Q.l., only the other species were recommended as suitable mix-plants for R.p. since promoting a high turnover of the nutrient in the litter compartment and a rapid availability for tree.     

Improvement of softening treatment technology of bamboo

In order to improve the efficiency of softening bamboo block when manufacturing bamboo veneer, chemistry reagents such as NaHCO₃ are often adopted during bamboo softening treatment. But the results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that the band intensity at 1,733 cm⁻¹, assigned to C=O stretching vibration in xylan, was reduced in the spectrum of softening-treated bamboo with NaHCO₃ compared with that of not softening-treated bamboo and softening treatment of bamboo without NaHCO₃. That is to say, that the hemicellulose of bamboo was destroyed after softening treatment with NaHCO₃, which meant that softening treatment of bamboo with NaHCO₃, is not a perfect softening treatment method. Thus, in this paper a softening technology at 120°C for 30 min in a closed container was adopted. The results of FTIR show that there was almost no difference in FTIR spectra between no softening treatment of bamboo and softening treatment of bamboo at 120°C for 30 min, which meant that softening treatment at 120°C for 30 min had no effect on the composition of bamboo. The results of dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) show that T _g of not softening-treated bamboo was 120°C, while T _g of softening-treated bamboo at 120°C for 30 min was 88°C. T _g of softening-treated bamboo at 120°C for 30 min decreased by 26.7% compared with that of not softening-treated bamboo. The results of hardness show that the hardness of bamboo strip after a softening treatment for 30 min at 120°C decreased by 42.0–54.6% compared with that of not softening-treated bamboo. The results of hardness and DMA show that the effect of softening treatment of bamboo at 120°C for 30 min was resultful.     

Analysis of three types of triterpenoids in tetraploid white birches (Betula platyphylla Suk.) and selection of plus trees

Betulin, oleanolic acid, and betulinic acid are naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpenoids that have significant medicinal value. Considerable amounts of these triterpenoids are available in the out...     

Study of wavelet denoising in apple's charge-coupled device near-infrared spectroscopy

Discrete wavelet transform was used to eliminate the noise in the charge-coupled device near-infrared (CCD-NIR) spectra of apple. The influence of three parameters (wavelet function, decomposition level, and threshold) on the predictive ability of the calibration model was investigated. The result showed that the db, sym, and bior wavelet families performed well, while the coif, dmey, and haar wavelets were not able to denoise effectively. The best decomposition level was 2. The threshold selection rules of the default, Birge-Massart, and Penalty had good denoising results, while SURE, Sqtwolog, Heuristic SURE, and Minimax set all detailed coefficients to zero due to their high threshold values. The best denoising result was obtained with the combination of the bior3.3 wavelet function, two levels of decomposition, default threshold selection rule, and the soft thresholding method. The optimal model of soluble solids content was constructed. The relative standard deviation of prediction decreased from 7.79 to 5.82% after wavelet denoising.     

贝莱斯芽孢杆菌JTB8-2对加工番茄促生作用及其安全性评价

【目的】研究新疆加工番茄田土壤中获得的贝莱斯芽孢杆菌JTB8-2对加工番茄促生作用和安全性。【方法】采用种子催芽、穴盘育苗和盆栽试验方法。【结果】贝莱斯芽孢杆菌JTB8-2菌株发酵菌液25、50和100倍稀释液处理的加工番茄植株株高、茎粗、茎鲜重和根鲜重均显著高于空白对照;菌株JTB8-2发酵液25倍液、50倍液和100倍液处理的番茄植株茎鲜重显著高于NB培养基25倍液、50倍液、100倍液和空白对照;菌株JTB8-2菌株发酵液原液对20种作物种子萌发和芽生长具有抑制作用,25倍及以上稀释液对作物种子萌发和芽生长无影响。【结论】贝莱斯芽孢杆菌JTB8-2菌株发酵液能够促进番茄植株生长,其发酵液原液不宜做作物浸种处理,发酵液25倍及以上稀释液可以浸种。     

桃酵母双杂交cDNA文库的构建及生长素响应因子4互作蛋白的筛选

[目的]为解析桃果实发育成熟的机制,通过构建成熟期前后桃果实的酵母双杂交cDNA文库,筛选生长素响应因子4的互作蛋白,探究生长素响应因子4对桃果实成熟过程的调控作用.[方法]以硬溶质桃(Prunus persica L.)'突围'为材料,提取果皮的总RNA,建立酵母双杂交cDNA文库,采用Mating法筛选生长素响应因子4的互作蛋白.[结果]构建的酵母双杂交cDNA文库的总库容量1.6×107CFU,重组率100％,插入片段平均长度大于1 000 bp.构建诱饵载体pGADT7-PpARF4重组质粒,在桃果实酵母双杂交cDNA文库中筛选互作的靶蛋白,共获得有潜在互作的蛋白26个,主要功能涉及信号转导与胁迫响应、器官的形成、大分子代谢及蛋白合成与修饰因子.[结论]试验建立的酵母双杂交cDNA文库质量较高,完整性较好,为后续筛选果实成熟相关蛋白奠定基础.     

咪唑型离子液体溶液中纤维素酶荧光活性测定

为考查纤维素酶在离子液体溶液中的酶活,采用荧光光谱分析法对离子液体中纤维素酶的荧光活性测定,研究离子液体的浓度、类型对纤维素酶的活性影响。结果表明:纤维素酶在咪唑类离子液体溶液中荧光活性随离子液体浓度的升高而降低。离子液体为[C4 mim]Cl、[C4 mim]Br,且浓度为0.1 mol/L使纤维素酶的荧光强度减低最小,即对酶活性影响最小。