Limited awareness of animal influenza prevention and control among Dai Lue smallholder farmers in Southwest China

Awareness of animal influenza and its prevention and control is important for ensuring livestock health, production and welfare. In China, a country stereotyped as a major source of emerging zoonotic infectious diseases, research on the public understanding of animal influenza is limited to the Han, the main ethnic group. The present qualitative study in Southwest China investigated awareness of animal influenza among the Dai, an ethnic minority. The participants (15 men and 10 women, ages 18–83) were smallholder farmers of pigs and poultry in rural areas of Jinghong, Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province. A mixture of interviews and group discussions took place in homes and villages. The participants were asked about their knowledge of avian influenza (H7N9), swine influenza (H1N1), precautions taken to protect against influenza, procedures when animals were sick and perceived risk of animal influenza. The data were analysed following coding and thematic analysis. The findings demonstrated a limited understanding of animal health and welfare among participants. Specifically, they were largely unaware of animal influenza (H7N9, H1N1) including its causes, symptoms, prevention and treatment. The farmers were also uninformed of the risks they faced and unknowingly engaged in behaviours which increased direct or indirect exposure to infected animals, a risk factor for human infection. They also reported poor usage of veterinary services. In order to guarantee the health, welfare and production of their livestock, immediate action is needed to enable Dai smallholder farmers to prevent and respond to animal influenza effectively and timely.     

瘤胃缓释氮对奶牛泌乳性能的影响

试验旨在研究瘤胃缓释氮对奶牛泌乳性能的影响。选用胎次不同、产犊日期相近、泌乳中期的中国荷斯坦奶牛62头,随机分为两组(试验组和对照组),每组31头。试验前15d为预饲期。在预饲期内,试验组添加0.5%瘤胃缓释氮替代3%豆粕;到第16d添加1%瘤胃缓释氮替代6%豆粕;第38d添加1%瘤胃缓释氮替代6%的菜粕。结果表明,与对照组相比,试验组添加瘤胃缓释氮可提高奶牛对干物质的采食量,平均产奶量提高1.20kg,平均饲养成本降低0.33元/d,经济效益增加。     

酒泉市动物产地检疫现状及对策

随着社会经济迅速发展,酒泉市动物及动物产品流通日益频繁,动物产地检疫极为重要。本文主要论述了酒泉市动物产地检疫的作用、意义、现状、存在的问题及解决对策和措施。     

Studies on the pathogenicity ofBabesia bovis in water buffaloes after cryopreservation and resuscitation

Tropical Animal Health and Production - Packed erythrocytes infected withBabesia bovis were mixed with an equal volume of 16% dimethyl sulphoxide (DMS0) in Alsever’s solution and dispensed...     

LFA—3和IL—2对机体免疫增强作用

以绵羊红细胞膜提取的ＬＦＡ－３和猪外周血单个核细胞所产生的ＩＬ－２，同时或分别与新城疫Ⅳ系疫苗胸肌注射２２日龄雏鸡，测定鸡体ＨＩ抗体效阶及Ｅｔｇ花环形成率的变化，结果表明，ＬＦＡ－３组抗体效价与对照组差异极显著，ＩＬ－２也可显著提高ＩＶ系苗免疫后ＨＩ抗体效价，且两者的作用具有剂量依赖性。     

铜对意大利蜜蜂工蜂生理机能的影响

本研究旨在探索意大利蜜蜂工蜂成蜂饲粮中铜的添加水平对蜜蜂生长发育、生理生化及抗氧化性能的影响。从蜂群中随机取3000只刚出房的蜜蜂,随机平均分成6组,分别命名为A、B、C、D、E、F,每组5个重复,每个重复100只蜜蜂;6组工蜂幼虫分别饲喂铜的添加水平为0.00、2.00、4.00、6.00、8.00、10.00μg/g的糖水,饲养至全部死亡。分别取成蜂测定体成分、血淋巴生化指标、抗氧化指标、相关基因表达量、制作中肠切片,并测定寿命。结果表明:(1)铜对蜜蜂寿命的影响显著,从蜜蜂存活率曲线图来看,当饲粮中铜的添加水平为2.00μg/g时对蜜蜂中肠食膜的结构最为有利。(2)与对照组相比,铜的添加水平为2.00~10.00μg/g组9日龄蜜蜂体组织铜含量显著升高(P<0.05),蜜蜂血淋巴中总蛋白(TP)和总胆固醇(TCHO)含量显著降低(P<0.05)。(3)9日龄蜜蜂蜂体超氧化物歧化酶(Cu/Zn-SOD)活性随着铜添加水平的提高出现先升高后降低的趋势,在2.00μg/g时活性最高(P<0.05)。(4)当饲粮中铜的添加水平在0.00~10.00μg/g的范围内不断升高时,CAT、Ctr1基因相对表达量显著增加(P<0.05)。由此得出饲粮中铜的添加水平对蜜蜂的生理机能影响显著。     

马正常肢体血流图实验研究

本实验首次采用XLJ—8型桥式血流图仪描记了12匹健康马四肢血流图.结果表明,马肢体血流图描记法是可行的,同时提供了健康马肢体血流图8项主要指标的参考值。本实验的首试成功,为肢体血流图在兽医临床领域中广泛应用奠定了基础.     

Antimicrobial susceptibility and PFGE genotyping of Haemophilus parasuis isolates from pigs in South China (2008-2010)

H. parasuis isolates (n=112) from pigs were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility against 23 antimicrobial agents by the disk diffusion method. All isolates were sensitive to Florfenico and most strains were sensitive to Cefotaxime (103/112; 92%), Ceftazidime (99/112; 88.4%), Chloramphenicol (90/112; 80.4%) and Gentamicin (85/112; 75.9%). High resistance levels to Nalidixic acid (84.8%), TMP (67.9%) and Trimethoprim+Sulfamethoxazole (58%) were observed. Genomic DNA extracted from 52 isolates resistant to at least seven antimicrobial agents was analyzed by PFGE and 46 distinct PFGE patterns identified. Diverse variation was observed between the drug-resistant H. parasuis isolates examined, suggesting that resistance traits were acquired independently by the respective isolates.     

用逆转录病毒法制作鸡输卵管生物反应器的研究

本文综述了鸡的生物反应器和逆转录病毒法的研究，目前逆转录病毒法是制作鸡生物反应器的最合适的方法。     

近红外光谱分析技术在测定饲料中植酸磷含量上的应用

植酸是一种抗营养因子。传统的用三氯化铁沉淀植酸的化学分析法费时费工,不能满足饲料工业发展的需要。为了寻求快速检测饲料中植酸磷(简称P.P.)含量的手段,本试验运用近红外光谱分析技术(简称 NIRS),分别以植酸磷含量较高的米糠饼和植酸磷含量较低的高粱为样品,对这两种饲料的化学分析法测值与近红外光谱法测值进行了比较。试验结果表明:用48个米糠饼样品和50个高粱样品进行定标,相关系数(R,下同)分别为0.901和0.890,残余标准差(RSD,下同)分别为0.06和0.03;另用不参与定标的25个米糠饼样品和21个高粱样品对定标结果进行检验,R 分别为0.803和0.917,RSD 分别为0.07和0.02。NIRS 法的分析精度基本上可以达到化学分析法的要求。作者认为,达项技术作为饲料中 PP 含量快速分析的手段是可行的。