Development of a Sequential Decision-Making Model for Controlling Multiple Air Pollutants Under Stochastic Uncertainty

Most of previous programming methods for air-quality management merely considered single pollutant from point sources. However, air pollution control is characterized by multiple pollutants from various sources. Meanwhile, uncertain information in the decision-making process cannot be neglected in the real-world cases. Thus, an inexact multistage stochastic programming model with joint chance constraints based on the air quality index (air-quality management model with joint chance constraints (AQM-JCC)) is developed for controlling multiple pollutants deriving from point and mobile sources and applied to a regional air-quality management system. In the model, integrated air quality associated with the joint probability existing in terms of environmental constraints is evaluated; uncertainties expressed as probability distributions and interval values are addressed; risks of violating the overall air-quality target under joint chance constraints are examined; and dynamics of system uncertainties and decision processes under a complete set of scenarios within a multistage context are reflected. The results indicate that useful solutions for air quality management practices in sequential stochastic decision environments have been generated, which can help decision makers to identify cost-effective control strategies for overall air quality improvement under uncertainties.     

中国甘蔗气候类型和特点的客观分析

依据作物生态学原理选定评价指标,应用系统聚类法进行全国甘蔗气候分类。划分的9类甘蔗气候区都呈现明显的区域性分布,其气候特点既反映光、温、水时段分配匹配的差异,也反映气候要素总量差异,基于同一标准分析了各类甘蔗气候的利弊影响。提高了对于我国甘蔗气候的整体性客观认识,对甘蔗生产管理有重要指导意义。     

基于虚拟现实的清铃机设计与仿真

采棉机是提高棉花采摘环节机械化水平的重要的工具,其关键部件清铃机的设计对机采棉清理加工技术的改善有着重要意义.虚拟现实技术的出现为解决传统产品开发过程中存在的问题提供了有效的途径.为此,以清铃机作为研究对象,使用Pro/E进行清铃机虚拟样机设计,运用ADAMS对关键部件进行动力学仿真,并在VAPlatform平台上进行虚拟装配,最后在nVision平台中进行产品展示,成功地在虚拟环境中实现了产品开发设计全过程.该研究旨在为虚拟现实技术在农业机械上的应用提供参照.     

发展广西秸杆畜牧业的思路和对策

广西有丰富的秸秆资源,发展千秆畜牧业的潜力巨大,千杆畜牧业是一项可持续发展的农业生产事业。秸杆的氨化技术可以有效地提高秸杆的营养价值,发展秸杆养畜,需要有优于牲畜品种,才能提高经济效益,所以,广西发展秸杆畜牧业,需要政府重视,政策跟进,大力推广秸杆氮化技术,加快引进热带型的优良黄牛品种改良广西黄牛品种的步伐。     

Inhibition of lipid oxidation in pork bundles processing by superheated steam frying

The effect of superheated steam treatment on the oxidative stability of lipids in packaged Zousoon (pork bundles) was investigated. The aroma quality of Zousoon samples was evaluated by sensory analysis and chromatographic analysis of volatiles. Results of this study indicated that oxidation of lipids occurred in pan-fried Zousoon after prolonged storage. Significant amounts of highly volatile compounds such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acetone, and hexanal in Zousoon were identified by a modified method of cysteamine derivatization followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Superheated steam was found to be effective in suppressing lipid oxidation in canned Zousoon as compared with Zousoon fried by the conventional method in a frying pan. The superheated steam-fried samples had relatively low thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) and peroxide (POV) values before and after storage, whereas samples prepared by pan frying had relatively high TBARS and POV values before and after storage. Superheated steam-fried Zousoon had superior lipid stability to that prepared by the conventional pan-frying method.     

轴流泵内流场的数值模拟与实验

基于Navier-Stokes方程组和标准R-ε紊流模型,采用SIMPLEC算法在商用软件CFX平台上对轴流泵叶轮内流场进行数值模拟.计算得到泵的性能曲线与性能实验的结果比较吻合;并将90%叶高和出口叶轮根部位置得到的相对速度和流线的分布与PIV测量结果进行了比较,两者能较好地符合,从而证明了数值计算的有效性和准确性.分析了轴流泵在不同流量工况下的内流场的流动结构及造成效率降低的原因,其结果可以为轴流泵的内流分析和性能改善提供参考.     

菌草竹荪子实体蛋白质营养价值评价

以泰宁和顺昌产地菌草栽培的竹荪为试材,以竹屑栽培的竹荪为对照(CK),采用国际通用方法,研究了菌草竹荪的营养成分,并对其子实体蛋白质的营养价值进行了评价。结果表明:泰宁和顺昌菌草竹荪粗蛋白质含量分别为22.79%、24.01%,均高于竹屑竹荪18.53%、19.47%;粗脂肪含量分别为1.88%及2.01%,均低于竹屑竹荪2.23%及2.38%;氨基酸总量分别为15.44、16.27 g·(100g)^-1,均高于竹屑竹荪10.83、11.38 g·(100g)^-1。对2个产地菌草竹荪蛋白质的营养价值进行评价,发现其氨基酸评分(AAS)和化学评分(CS)低于竹屑竹荪,但其第一限制性氨基酸与竹屑竹荪相一致,均为蛋氨酸+胱氨酸;其必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)、生物价(BV)、营养指数(NI)及氨基酸相对比值(EAARR)均高于竹屑竹荪;泰宁产菌草竹荪氨基酸比值系数分(SRCAA)高于竹屑竹荪,但顺昌产菌草竹荪与之相反。通过模糊识别法得出,菌草竹荪与全鸡蛋白贴近度分别为0.82、0.80,高于竹屑竹荪的0.79、0.78。菌草栽培竹荪的蛋白质含量高,脂肪含量低,富含多种碳水化合物及矿物质元素,具有较高的营养价值。     

昭平县生态有机产业发展现状及其对策

总结分析了昭平县生态有机产业发展的基本情况及存在的主要问题,提出了3条对策建议。