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71.
Sugiyama M Goto K Uemukai H Mori Y Ito N Minamoto N 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(4):461-463
To determine the characters of receptors on target cells for avian rotaviruses, the receptors on MA104 cells for the pigeon rotavirus PO-13, the turkey rotaviruses Ty-1 and Ty-3, and the chicken rotavirus Ch-1 were analyzed. Pretreatment of MA104 cells with neuraminidase greatly reduced the infection by all of the four avian rotavirus strains. Binding of the cell-attachment protein, purified VP8 expressed in bacteria, of strain PO-13 to MA104 cells was also inhibited by pretreatment of cells with neuraminidase. These findings suggest that avian rotaviruses primarily utilize sialic acid-containing molecules as receptors on MA 104 cells. 相似文献
72.
Yamamoto Y Mori M Saito S Amano M Yamanome T Taniguchi K Oikawa T Yamamori K Taniguchi K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(12):1609-1611
Differentiation of the histochemical characteristics of the olfactory receptor cells (ORC) was examined by immunohistochemistry for protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5) and calretinin (CR) and lectin histochemistry for Phaseolus vulgaris agglutinin-L (PHA-L) in the developing olfactory epithelium (OE) of the barfin flounder. PGP 9.5 immunoreactivity was diffuse and CR immunoreactivity was restricted at day 7, but these immunoreactivities became intense in the OE toward day 91. Crypt cells were first identified at day 56. PHA-L staining was faint at day 28, but became intense toward day 91. These findings suggest that PGP 9.5-immunopositive cells, CR-immunopositive cells, crypt cells and PHA-L-reactive cells differentiate independently in the developing OE and constitute subsets of the ORC in the OE. 相似文献
73.
Hiroshi OKAMOTO Mamoru SATO Yoshio MIYATA Masami YOSHIKAWA Makoto ISAKA 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2000,66(1):86-94
Bacterial strains isolated from the rhizosphere of angelica trees were evaluated for their antagonistic activity against Phytophthora cactorum, a causal agent of Phytophthora root rot. Of these, three bacterial strains, designated as T-1-8, T-1-14 and T-1-23, strongly inhibited mycelial growth of
P. cactorum ARE-862 in a dual-culture plate assay. Biocontrol activity of these strains was then examined by dipping root of young seedlings
of angelica trees into a bacterial suspension. The incidence of Phytophthora root rot was markedly suppressed for at least 79 days in pot tests when treated seedlings were planted in naturally infested
soil. The suppression was maintained through June of the next year. In addition, these strains significantly reduced the development
of Phytophthora root rot up to 47 days in naturally infested field and up to 63 days (the last day of testing) in an artificially (moderately)
infested field. Based on their main bacteriological properties, strain T-1-14 was identified as Enterobacter cloacae and T-1-8 and T-1-23 were identified as Serratia ficaria.
Received 5 July 1999/ Accepted in revised form 25 October 1999 相似文献
74.
Hideki TAKAHASHI Mitsuhiro SUGIYAMA SUKAMTO Akira KARASAWA Shuu HASE Yoshio EHARA 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2000,66(4):335-344
A variant of Cucumber mosaic virus, CMV(Y/GM2), was isolated from a tobacco plant with mild green mosaic symptoms that was regenerated in vitro from a yellow strain of CMV [CMV(Y)]-infected tobacco leaves by tissue culture. CMV(Y/GM2) has two amino acid substitutions
at 36 and 111 positions in the coat protein encoded on RNA3. CMV, assembled by mixing in vitro transcribed CMV(Y) RNA1 and RNA2 plus infectious RNA3 transcribed in vitro from cDNA to RNA3 of CMV(Y/GM2), was prepared and designated as CMV(Y/GM2)tr. When tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi nc) plants were inoculated with CMV(Y/GM2)tr, large necrotic local lesions in which the virus was localized, developed
on the inoculated leaves. This host response unique to CMV(Y/GM2)tr was similar to the hypersensitive response (HR), which
is a common resistance response to avirulent pathogens and was observed in five cultivars of Nicotiana tabacum and eight Nicotiana species. The revertant virus, however, accumulated to quite different levels in the various hosts. CMV(Y/GM2)tr induced pathogenesis-related
1 (PR-1) protein accumulation and systemic acquired resistance (SAR) which were generally observed in the HR. However, when
tobaccos were inoculated with CMV(S36P)tr and CMV(V111I)tr, which have an amino acid substitution at either the 36 or 111
position in the coat protein of CMV(Y), respectively, CMV(S36P)tr was restricted to the primary infection site without necrotic
local lesion formation and PR-1 protein and SAR induction. CMV(V111I)tr, however, systemically spread and induced mild green
mosaic symptoms, while the host had the HR to CMV(Y/GM2)tr. The localization of CMV(Y/GM2)tr at the primary infection site
may not only be caused by the HR, but also by the restriction of virus systemic movement resulting from the amino acid substitution
at position 36 in the coat protein of CMV(Y).
Received 15 December 1999/ Accepted in revised form 18 April 2000 相似文献
75.
Yoshio Kijidani Naoki Ohshiro Junji Matsumura Shinya Koga 《Journal of Wood Science》2014,60(4):235-242
Indole acetic acid (IAA) was believed to be an important regulator in xylem formation in conifers. However, few studies have been done on the endogenous amount of IAA in cambial region tissues in sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) trees. In this study, we report the IAA amounts in the lower and upper trunk of mature sugi cultivars (Kumotoshi, Yaichi and Obiaka) in September, and the effects of growth traits on the IAA amounts. The effect of height position (lower or upper trunk) on IAA amounts was found to be larger than that of genetic variation (Kumotoshi, Yaichi or Obiaka) by two-way ANOVA. There was no significant interaction effect (genetic variation × height position). The IAA amounts of all trees varied from 3 to 42 ng/cm2 at the lower trunk and 9 to 47 ng/cm2 at the upper trunk. Crown length and distance from crown base had significant positive and negative effects on IAA amounts in the trunk of sugi cultivars, respectively. Distance from crown base had a larger effect on IAA amounts than crown length. In Yaichi, taller trees had larger IAA amounts at both the lower and upper trunk. 相似文献
76.
77.
Hongyan Han Sayaka Yamanaka Takamitsu Tsukahara Yoshio Hotta Tokuji Takagi Hajime Kumagai 《Animal Science Journal》2021,92(1):e13651
Gum arabic (GA) has potential rumen modifier functions. This is the first study to investigate the in vitro ruminal fermentation characteristics of GA. Rumen fluid was collected from ruminal fistulated wethers; rolled barley and ryegrass straw were used as substrates for concentrate and forage conditions, respectively. Besides incubating with the substrates alone (control), GA or potato starch (PS) was added at 0.2%, 1.0%, and 2.0% along with substrates. Under the concentrate substrate condition, GA treatments showed higher total gas production in 24-h incubation, but lower methane production in 24- and 48-h incubation compared with PS treatments (p < 0.05). The 1.0% and 2.0% GA and 0.2% and 1.0% PS treatments showed higher dry matter and neutral detergent fiber digestibility and lower NH3-N, and higher short chain fatty acid concentrations compared with the control at 24-h incubation (p < 0.05). The GA treatments also showed a lower acetate/propionate ratio than PS treatments at 48-h incubation (p < 0.01). Under the forage substrate condition, the treatment effects were not significant, except for a higher proportion of propionate with GA than with PS at 24 and 48 h of incubations. We thus concluded that GA supplement may exert potential rumen modifier effects particularly under concentrate feeding condition. 相似文献
78.
Masuda T Inaba Y Maekawa T Takeda Y Yamaguchi H Nakamoto K Kuninaga H Nishizato S Nonaka A 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(7):1831-1838
A simple detection method for a powerful radical scavenging compound in a mixture containing a large variety of compounds, such as the raw extract of edible plants, was developed using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) as the radical reagent. The method was established on the basis of the features of the typical chain-breaking antioxidation reaction mechanism, which suggests that the radical scavenging antioxidant should be converted to other stable nonradical compounds during the reaction. This method requires only a simple HPLC instrument, and the disappearance or decrease in the peak intensity, which is induced by the addition of DPPH. This change is monitored by the HPLC to detect the powerful radical scavenger from the complex mixture. The method was applied to the detection and identification of the most powerful antiradical compound in the extracts of three antioxidatively active plant extracts (Psidium guajava, Citrus depressa, and Hypericum chinense). The radical scavenging efficiency of a newly identified compound from H. chinense was also compared with that of Trolox and catechin using the method. 相似文献
79.
Yoshio Yoshida 《Euphytica》1962,11(1):95-111
Radiation breeding for the introduction of additional desirable characters into improved varieties in autogamous plants, especially in cereals, would be much more feasible if more efficient screening methods could be found. Such methods are proposed in this report. From the standpoint of the theory of probability, it is intended to establish effective screening methods by which a desirable X2 mutant can be detected in a minimum total of X2-plants, and/or X1- and X2-plants in the aggregate.The relative efficiencies of four new methods and the standard method are compared, the improved ear-to-row method (method B), the one-plant-one-grain method (method C), the one-plant-two-grain method (method D) and one-plant-three-grain method (method E) all of which are more effective than the conventional ear-to-row method (method A). In method B, the total number of X2-plants required to recover at least one desirable X2-plant is obtained when the probability of detecting at least one X2-line with one or more desirable mutants among X2-lines is equal to the probability of detecting at least one desirable mutant among plants in that X2-line. In methods C, D and E, one, two or three grains respectively, taken from each of the X1-plants of the number required to detect at least one desirable X2-plant, are sown to obtain corresponding X2-plants.The number of X1-plants, total X2-plants, and X1- and X2-plants in the aggregate required to obtain at least one desirable mutant (m, mn and m+mn respectively) shows the following relations: method C>D>A>E>B for m, ABED>D>C for mn and ABC>D>E (the last two being very close to each other) for m+mn.Each of the new methods B, C, D and E will be applicable in radiation breeding. When the discrimination of a mutant is difficult method B will be useful. On the contrary, when a mutant is easily distinguishable, method C, with dense planting in X1, will frequently be much better. In some cases methods D and E, especially D, will be more useful in the practice of radiation breeding than method C. Method A should not be used in any case. 相似文献
80.
利用介电特性对食品加工过程进行非破坏性检测技术的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
选用标准蔗糖和新鲜胡萝卜、葱为材料,研究干燥过程中原料电物性及水分含量变化规律的相关性。结果表明,60℃温度下热风干燥几种新鲜蔬菜,其水分含量随着干燥时间的增加而下降,电容值的变化趋势与水分的变化相同,两者存在极显著的线性相关性。水分的变化规律可以用相对应点的电容的变化来说明,从而对干燥终点的非破坏性及连续性检测和控制成为可能。 相似文献