肉鹅巴氏杆菌病的诊治

通过流行病学调查、临床剖检、细菌分离鉴定、生化试验、PCR检测、动物试验和药敏试验对一起鹅巴氏杆菌感染病例进行了确诊,并参考药敏试验结果进行用药治疗,控制疫情。药敏试验结果表明,该巴氏杆菌分离株对菌必治、头孢噻吩、头孢他啶、头孢唑肟和氟苯尼考5种药物较为敏感。     

物理过筛对玉米中霉菌毒素的去除效果

试验旨在评估物理过筛法去除玉米中霉菌毒素的作用效果。试验采用4目和8目筛对玉米进行筛分处理,用酶联免疫(ELISA)法分析不同目数下的玉米样品中黄曲霉毒素B1、玉米赤霉烯酮和呕吐毒素的含量。通过对比分析发现,物理过筛可有效去除含霉菌毒素多的破碎粒和杂质,从而降低玉米原料中呕吐毒素、玉米赤霉烯酮和黄曲霉毒素的含量。在实际饲料生产中采用物理过筛法可有效降低玉米原料中霉菌毒素的含量,减少家畜感染疾病的风险。     

GFP和YFP小鼠生长繁殖性能及血液生化指标的研究

在SPF级环境下,对神经系统转GFP和YFP基因荧光小鼠的生长繁殖性能和血液生化指标进行比较研究。选择10周龄GFP和YFP小鼠各30只（雌雄各半）,采取近亲交配繁殖（雌雄1：1）,并统计其生长繁殖性能,用全自动生化分析仪测定小鼠血清中15项生化正常指标。小鼠体重增长在雌雄间有差异而品种间无差异;绝大多数血液生化指标在雌雄间和品种间均无差异。两种小鼠的体格大小相当,产仔能力YFP小鼠强于GFP小鼠,正常血液生化指标主要受遗传基因控制。     

牛疱疹病毒I型gB基因的原核表达

根据GenBank中BHV-1 Colorado 1毒株的全基因组序列,针对gB基因的主要B细胞免疫区域设计一对引物。提取BHV-1 Colorado 1毒株的基因组DNA,PCR扩增大小为585 bp的gB片段,将其克隆至pET-22b（+）原核表达载体并测序分析,同时用Nde I和Not I酶切鉴定。SDS-PAGE和Western blot试验结果证明,获得的可溶性gB重组蛋白能与牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒标准阳性WEI血清发生特异性反应,为ELISA等免疫诊断方法的建立奠定了物质基础。     

英石碟景创作与中学美术教学相融合模式研究与实践

广东英德英西中学结合中学美育教学,充分挖掘英石假山盆景的本土化特色与魅力,以"英石碟景"为主要研究方向、创作形式及教学手段,传习国家级非物质文化遗产"英石假山盆景制作技艺"。英西中学美术科英石碟景教研小组的教学过程包括山水审美的常识教学与训练、底图构思和设计、制作实践、交流与点评4个教学步骤。英石假山盆景制作技艺非遗传承的教研活动重在结合美育培养与技术实操两方面。     

Effects of dietary rosemary extract supplementation on growth performance,nutrient digestibility,antioxidant capacity,intestinal morphology,and microbiota of weaning pigs

Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) extract (RE) has multiple pharmacological and biological activities, including the use as a food additive and medicine. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary RE supplementation on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, antioxidant capacity, intestinal morphology, and microbiota of weaning piglets. A total of 192 crossbred weaned piglets [Duroc × (Large White × Landrace)] (initial body weight = 6.65 ± 0.33 kg, weaned days = 23 ± 1 d) were group housed (six pigs per pen; n = 8 pens/treatment). Pigs were fed a corn–soybean meal-based control diet or the basal diet supplemented with 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg RE. Pigs were allowed ad libitum access to fed for 21 d. The growth performance and apparent total tract digestibility of nutrients, and intestinal morphology and antioxidant status were evaluated. The components of the microbial microflora were also determined in the cecal samples. Compared with the control, dietary supplementation with RE increased the final body weight, average daily gain, and average daily feed intake (linear, P = 0.038, 0.016, and 0.009, respectively), and decreased the diarrhea ratio in piglets (linear, P < 0.05). The digestibility of crude protein (linear, P = 0.034) and gross energy (linear, P = 0.046) increased with treatment with RE. Piglets fed RE showed longer villus height (linear, P = 0.037 and 0.028, respectively) and villus height/crypt depth (linear, P = 0.004 and 0.012; quadratic, P = 0.023 and 0.036, respectively) in the jejunum and ileum, in addition to a lesser crypt depth in the jejunum (linear, P = 0.019) and ileum (quadratic, P = 0.042). The addition of RE increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (linear, P = 0.035 and 0.008, respectively) and glutathione peroxidase activity (linear, P = 0.027 and 0.039, respectively) and decreased the content of malondialdehyde (linear, P = 0.041 and 0.013; quadratic, P = 0.023 and 0.005, respectively) in the serum and liver. Dietary RE supplementation, compared with the control, increased the number of Bifidobacterium (linear, P = 0.034) and Bacteroidetes (linear, P = 0.029), while decreased Escherichia coli (linear, P = 0.008; quadratic, P = 0.014) in the cecal contents. Thus, dietary RE supplementation can improve growth performance, nutrient digestibility, antioxidant capacity, intestinal morphology, and the microbiota in weaned piglets, and 200 mg/kg may be considered the optimum dosage.     

Australian Oryza: Utility and Conservation

Australian Oryza are an understudied and underexploited genetic resource for rice improvement. Four species are indigenous: Oryza rufipogon, Oryza meridionalis, Oryza australiensis are widespread across northern Australia, whereas Oryza officinalis is known from two localities only. Molecular analysis of these wild populations is required to better define the distinctness of the taxa and the extent of any gene flow between them and rice. Limited collections of these wild populations are held in seed and DNA banks. These species have potential for domestication in some cases but also have many traits of potential value in the improvement of domesticated rice. Stress tolerance (biotic and abiotic) and grain quality characteristics in these populations may be useful.     

Molecular Characterization of the Von Willebrand Factor Type D Domain of Vitellogenin from Takifugu flavidus

The von Willebrand factor type D (VWD) domain in vitellogenin has recently been found to bind tetrodotoxin. The way in which this protein domain associates with tetrodotoxin and participates in transporting tetrodotoxin in vivo remains unclear. A cDNA fragment of the vitellogenin gene containing the VWD domain from pufferfish (Takifugu flavidus) (TfVWD) was cloned. Using in silico structural and docking analyses of the predicted protein, we determined that key amino acids (namely, Val¹¹⁵, ASP¹¹⁶, Val¹¹⁷, and Lys¹²²) in TfVWD mediate its binding to tetrodotoxin, which was supported by in vitro surface plasmon resonance analysis. Moreover, incubating recombinant rTfVWD together with tetrodotoxin attenuated its toxicity in vivo, further supporting protein–toxin binding and indicating associated toxicity-neutralizing effects. Finally, the expression profiling of TfVWD across different tissues and developmental stages indicated that its distribution patterns mirrored those of tetrodotoxin, suggesting that TfVWD may be involved in tetrodotoxin transport in pufferfish. For the first time, this study reveals the amino acids that mediate the binding of TfVWD to tetrodotoxin and provides a basis for further exploration of the molecular mechanisms underlying the enrichment and transfer of tetrodotoxin in pufferfish.     

Astaxanthin Protects Dendritic Cells from Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Immune Dysfunction

Astaxanthin, originating from seafood, is a naturally occurring red carotenoid pigment. Previous studies have focused on its antioxidant properties; however, whether astaxanthin possesses a desired anti-inflammatory characteristic to regulate the dendritic cells (DCs) for sepsis therapy remains unknown. Here, we explored the effects of astaxanthin on the immune functions of murine DCs. Our results showed that astaxanthin reduced the expressions of LPS-induced inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10) and phenotypic markers (MHCII, CD40, CD80, and CD86) by DCs. Moreover, astaxanthin promoted the endocytosis levels in LPS-treated DCs, and hindered the LPS-induced migration of DCs via downregulating CCR7 expression, and then abrogated allogeneic T cell proliferation. Furthermore, we found that astaxanthin inhibited the immune dysfunction of DCs induced by LPS via the activation of the HO-1/Nrf2 axis. Finally, astaxanthin with oral administration remarkably enhanced the survival rate of LPS-challenged mice. These data showed a new approach of astaxanthin for potential sepsis treatment through avoiding the immune dysfunction of DCs.