香椿栽培技术

作者根据多年的实践经验，总结了香椿的栽培技术，包括采种、播种、育苗、种植、管理、病虫害防治及菜用林培育等技术。     

应用白杨透翅蛾性诱剂诱杀白杨透翅蛾成虫的实验

通过几种试验比较,找出诱杀白杨透翅蛾成虫更为合理的方法,并加以分析。     

WZF-88型微机呼吸测定仪的研制

WZF—88型微机呼吸测定仪,是由吸收系统、二氧化碳气敏传感器和测试系统三部分组成的一种新型呼吸测定仪器,使用这种仪器时,被测定生物活体在呼吸过程中释放的CO_2,经过NaOH液吸收装置,成为碳酸化合物,随后用HCl酸化,使其再转化为CO_2。通过与测试系统相匹配的二氧化碳气敏传感器,测定溶液中CO_2的分压(或浓度),即可求得其呼吸强度。实验表明,这种仪器的性能稳定,操作简便、快速,测试精度高、适用范围广,生产成本也比较低廉,是很有竞争能力的一种高精度呼吸强度测定仪器。通过技术鉴定,现已在江苏电分析仪器厂投入小批量生产。     

Nutritional Composition of Iron,Zinc, Calcium,and Phosphorus in Wheat Grain Milling Fractions as Affected by Fertilizer Nitrogen Supply

Fe and Zn deficiencies are global nutritional problems. N supply could increase Fe and Zn concentrations in wheat grain. This study was conducted to determine the impacts of different N rates (0, 122, 174, and 300 kg/ha) on the distribution and speciation of Fe and Zn in wheat grain milling fractions under field conditions. Zn and protein concentrations were increased, whereas Fe was less affected in the flour fractions with increasing N rates. Further analysis with size‐exclusion chromatography coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry revealed that Fe and Zn bound to low‐molecular‐weight (LMW) compounds in the flour fractions (probably Fe‐nicotianamine [NA], Fe‐deoxymugineic acid, or Zn‐NA) were less affected by increasing N supply, representing 3.5–10.9% of total Fe and 2.5–56.6% of total Zn. In the shorts fraction, LMW‐Fe was absent, and LMW‐Zn with higher N supply was over twice as high as that in control and 3–27 times as high as that in the other milling fractions. In the flour fractions, the molar ratios of phytic acid (PA)/Fe and PA/Zn (both less than 30.5) decreased, whereas soluble LMW‐Fe/Zn was not affected with increasing N rates.     

几种造纸用丛生竹秆节育苗试验

在福建省邵武市对椽竹、孝顺竹、坭竹等几种造纸用丛生竹进行秆节育苗试验表明，用平埋方法育苗显著优于斜埋和直插，竹蔸平埋效果更佳；不同竹种秆节育苗成活率存在明显差异；不同年龄的秆节育苗成活率在不同竹种间表现不同；不同育苗时间（３月或５月）的成活率差异不显著。竹秆不同粗细、不同部位、单节段或双节段育苗对比试验，结果以细秆（胸径２．５ｃｍ）、上部节段、双节段育苗成活率较粗秆（胸径４．６ｃｍ）、下部节段、单节段的为高。椽竹秆节径用不同激素处理后，处理间成苗率差异显著，以２，４－Ｄ２０ｍｇ／ｋｇ处理５ｈ和硼酸２０ｍｇ／ｋｇ处理２４ｈ的效果最佳。几种造纸用丛生竹秆节育苗试验＊张文燕周道三马乃训叶长青曹德友张华明     

Effects of five additive materials on mechanical and dimensional properties of wood cement-bonded boards

There is a growing desire to improve the properties and use of nonwood plant materials as supplements to wood materials for wood cement-bonded boards (WCBs). This study was conducted to determine the comparative properties of WCBs containing various amounts of discontinuous inorganic fiber materials, such as alkali-resistant glass fiber, normal glass fiber, mineral wool, and nonwood plant materials such as retted flax straw and wheat straw particles. Tested cement-bonded boards were made at wood/additive compositions of 100/0, 90/10, 80/20, 70/30, 60/40, and 50/50 (weight percentages). Seventy-eight laboratory-scale WCBs were produced. Various board properties, such as the modulus of rupture (MOR), internal bonding strength (IB), water absorption (WA), thickness swelling (TS), and linear expansion (LE), were studied. The test results showed that three types of discontinuous inorganic fiber used as reinforcing materials in composites significantly enhanced and modified the performance of WCBs. The mechanical properties and dimensional stability of cement-bonded board were significantly improved with increasing amounts of the additives. MOR and IB were increased; and WA, TS, and LE of boards were reduced by combination with the inorganic fiber materials. The results also indicated that combination with retted flax straw particles only slightly increased the MOR of boards, and wheat straw particles led to marked decreases in all the mechanical properties and the dimensional stability of WCBs.Part of this report was presented at the 50th Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Kyoto, April 2000     

昆明市云南松梢木蠹象危害情况调查

云南松梢木蠹象(Pissodes sp.)主要危害云南松(Pinus yunnanensis)幼树,目前仅在昆明市嵩明县大哨乡海拔2 200～2 600m范围内的云南松纯林以及混交林幼林中发生.通过3年的调查,基本掌握了该虫的危害程度及危害特点.调查结果表明大哨乡云南松梢木蠹象危害严重时期松林受害面积达351hm2,其补充营养株率、枝干受害株率、危害指数分别为90.5%、37.1%、42.1%;枝干受害株率和危害指数与该虫补充营养株率之间存在明显相关性.     

扬州市邗江低湿江滩地林农复合构建模式早期经济效益研究

对江苏省扬州市邗江渔业乡低湿江滩地构建的4类16种林农复合模式的经济效益评估结果表明,意大利杨与菊苣、意大利杨与荩草、意大利杨与苏丹草、意大利杨与银杏苗、意大利杨与棕榈、意大利杨与莲、水杉与药用蚂蝗、水杉与精鱼等8种复合模式是低湿江滩地开发经济效益高的优良构建模式;围网养殖尤其是船带网箱移动养殖长江水特产品是江滩水面资源开发利用的高效特色模式。认为滩地开发应在巩固“八五”绿化滩地,营建抑螺防病林成果的基础上,引进新树种,新种植、养殖优良生物品种,用新技术进行优化配置,以优化现有湿地森林结构,创立体现沿江湿地林渔特色的“多物种、多功能、多效益”人工林系统,建设观光林网,观光渔业,滨江湿地森林生态旅游村,进一步促进江滩湿地资源深度开发及沿江农村经济与社会可持续发展。     

浙江古田山自然保护区珍稀濒危植物区系的研究

在古田山国家级自然保护区中，有野生珍稀濒危植物15种，隶属9科14属。其中国家1级保护植物1种，2级保护植物14种。从种的地理分布和属的分布区类型的分析可以看出，该区系与西南区系联系密切，过渡性强，并含有众多的古老成分。     

基于人工神经网络的森林资源预测研究

应用人工神经网络方法分别建立土地资源预测、森林蓄积量预测、各龄组蓄积量预测三层前馈反向传播神经网络模型对森林资源进行预测模拟.预测结果表明在小样本条件下,森林资源预测神经网络模型预测精度较高,开辟了森林资源预测新途径.