Fine Mapping QTLs Affecting Milk Production Traits on BTA6 in Chinese Holstein with SNP Markers

Our previous studies demonstrated that the region around markers BMS470 and BMS1242 on BTA6 showed a linkage to 305-d milk yield and composition traits in the Chinese Holstein population. We herein focused on such narrow region to fine map milk production QTLs with 15 SNPs across 25 Mb with each SNP in 1 Mb within most regions in a Chinese Holstein population with daughter design. 1 449 Holstein cows and 11 sires were genotyped for such SNPs by using TaqMan probe and RFLP assays. Multipoint linkage analysis across family revealed a QTL affecting milk yield between PPARGC1A C4075T and SLC34A2 T1713C. Meanwhile, within family analysis found three milk yield QTLs (two in CR T60984131G-CEP135 C501T and one in PDLIM5 A106C-OPN T3907, a fat yield QTLin UGDH T1670C-CR T60984131G region, and two protein yield QTLs in TBC1D1 G501C-UGDH T1670C and PPARGC1A C4075T-SLC34A2 T1713C, respectively. Associations between aforementioned significant SNP markers and milk production traits were further implemented. We found significant associations of PPARGC1A C4075T, SLC34A2 T1713C with milk yield (P<0.05, P<0.01, P<0.01), UGDH T1670C, and CR T60984131G with fat yield (P<0.01, P<0.01), and PPARGC1A C4075T, SLC34A2 T1713C, UGDH T1670C and OPN T3907 with protein yield (P<0.01, P<0.01, P<0.01, P<0.01). Our findings implied that QTLs affecting milk production traits on BTA6 were pleictropism or multigenic effect and PPARGC1A and OPN may be the causal mutations behind milk production QTLs on BTA6 in the Chinese Holstein population.     

Connexin43介导细胞缝隙连接的研究进展

对近几年缝隙连接中Connexin43（Cx43）的研究进展加以综述,以期为研究缝隙连接在参与各种生理过程和在多种疾病发生、发展过程中的作用提供新的思路．     

杂交中稻旱作膜秸覆盖的群体库和源效应研究

对杂交中稻协优63进行旱作膜秸覆盖处理,结果表明:杂交中稻旱作膜秸覆盖处理间的库、源效应有显著差异,它与稻谷产量呈正相关.以够苗期为界的膜秸接力覆盖处理比不覆盖和全程覆秸处理增产40%,比全程覆膜和拔节前覆膜处理增产15%;其群体总库容依次多38%和15%,经济产量源分别多37%和19%以上.     

Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide improves age-related oxidative stress and immune impairment in mice

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether oxidative stress and immune dysfunction could be attenuated by Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide (PSG-1) in d-galactose (d-gal)-induced aging mice, and provide evidence for its effects. The results showed that PSG-1 significantly decreased lipid peroxidation in liver, brain, and spleen, but concomitantly increased the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase compared with the d-gal group. Elevation of glutathione contents and attenuation of glutathione disulfide contents were also found in PSG-1-treated animals. Furthermore, the results showed that PSG-1 treatment increased basal lymphocyte proliferation as well as T cell and B cell proliferation and enhanced interleukin-2 production. Taken together, the results suggested that PSG-1 had potential as a novel agent to promote health and improve aging-associated pathologies, at least in part, via modification of the redox system and improvement of immune function.     

基于弹性薄层接触模型研究衬砌渠道双膜防冻胀布设

渠道衬砌下双膜防渗层可解除渠基土冻结力,释放衬砌结构位移以适应不均匀冻胀,但会影响衬砌结构的刚度与稳定性。为研究最佳双膜防渗层布设形式及其适应性,考虑双膜防渗层接触本构及衬砌结构与渠基土的相互作用,依据基土水热力三场耦合理论建立了寒区衬砌渠道的冻胀模型,通过数值模拟仿真分析了不同断面及不同双膜防渗层布设形式的弧底梯形渠道衬砌的冻胀受力与变位。结果表明:宽浅断面渠道采用双膜衬砌结构时,膜间摩擦力过小造成刚度和稳定性严重降低以及衬砌拉应力增加。适当的膜间摩擦力可以解除部分冻结约束,调整局部不均匀冻胀,而且发挥弧底反拱作用不产生拉应力。采用PE膜与无纺布作为层间接触的双膜衬砌结构,冻胀位移方差减小25%,同时整体位移增加不超过0.2 cm,削减冻胀应力50%以上。在不显著降低结构整体稳定性前提下,其整体刚度和结构强度提高程度最大,故同时适用于窄深渠道和宽浅渠道。研究为寒区衬砌渠道中双膜防渗层的合理布设提供科学依据。     

使用熵权法划分污染重点区域及识别主要污染因子

[目的]对嘉兴市污染重点区域进行划分,并探明该区域主要污染因子。[方法]在嘉兴市及周边地区的主要河道上设置29个监测断面,监测指标包括CODCr,大肠杆菌总数,TN,NH+4—N和TP。再利用熵权法将多个水质参数转化为一个综合指数,通过对综合指数进行分析。[结果]嘉兴市TN,TP超标严重,浓度范围分别为2.60~10.52mg/L,0.60~5.68mg/L,均超过地表水水质标准(GB3838—2002)中的Ⅴ类标准。29个监测点的水质综合指数范围为1.61~8.69。嘉兴市的海盐县、平湖市交界处以及秀洲区中部综合污染最严重,以此为中心向外污染程度逐渐降低,桐乡、海宁西部及嘉善县北部相对污染最轻。研究区中TP为主要污染因子,CODCr,大肠杆菌总数次之。[结论]在污染总体较严重的地区,水质综合指数法可以较好地体现区域间污染程度的差异,通过比较同一监测点不同水质参数对综合指数的贡献还可获得区域主要污染因子。     

微生物菌肥对干旱矿区土壤的改良效果

为了提高干旱矿区土壤肥力,丰富植被重建及生态修复理论,通过盆栽试验,种植紫花苜蓿、披碱草和冰草3种干旱矿区常见草本植物,并结合施用不同浓度的微生物菌肥处理,利用双因素方差分析揭示施肥水平和植物种类对土壤生物及理化性质的影响,采用因子分析和聚类分析进行综合评价,以筛选土壤改良效果的最佳组合。结果表明:(1)试验组较对照组土壤中细菌、真菌、放线菌、微生物总数量、微生物量碳、氮、有机质和速效氮磷钾均显著增加(p0.05),而微生物量碳氮比和pH显著减小(p0.05)。(2)施肥水平和植物种类对细菌、真菌、放线菌、微生物总量、微生物量氮和碳氮比有显著交互作用。(3)因子分析和聚类分析的结果基本一致,土壤改良效果最佳的为种植紫花苜蓿并施入20 g/kg的微生物菌肥;施用微生物菌肥能有效改良水肥贫瘠的干旱矿区土壤,随着微生物菌肥施用量的增加,土壤的改良效果逐步提升。     

不同气候和植被区现代土壤类脂物分子特征及其意义

应用分子化石探讨古植被、古气候等全球变化问题的研究日益开展.研究的载体已经涉及到海相沉积物[1]、湖相沉积物[2]、欧洲泥炭[3]、雪冰[4]、黄土[5]等沉积物,并且取得了许多重要的成果.     

菜豆四个不同抗热性品种的气孔特性

以不同抗热性的四个菜豆品种叶片为试材,研究在热锻炼过程中气孔特性的变化与抗热性的关系。结果表明：不论在２５℃演唱温下或３８℃的高温下,抗热品种比不抗热品种气孔阻抗都低,气孔开度大,而且在３８℃下,抗热品种能维持较长时间的低气孔阻抗;４个参试品种中,抗热品种的气孔密度显著大于不抗热品种。本讲一步讨论了不同品种抗热性差别的原因。