葡萄二倍体与四倍体品种间杂交胚珠的离体培养

为了克服葡萄二倍体品种与四倍体品种之间的交配障碍,进行了杂交胚珠的离体培养研究。发芽胚珠的取样时期集中于授粉后35～75d,其中多数以二倍体作母本的组合在授粉后55d取样的发芽率最高,以四倍体作母本的组合授粉后70d取样的发芽率最高。基本培养模式为:发育培养基-(剥胚)萌发培养基-生长培养基。用二倍体品种作母本时,所有组合均获得了培养苗,在1号培养基上培养的胚珠发芽率高于2号培养基。反交对培养基的要求有相反趋势,其中2个组合未得到培养苗。授粉后60d,直接剥出杂种胚进行培养,得到了最高发芽率。综合分析初步认为,用二倍体品种作母本比用四倍体品种作母本容易获得杂交后代。     

O,O-二烷基-N-莰-2-基(硫)磷酰胺酯的合成

合成了14个含有 N-莰-2-基的磷酰胺和硫代磷酰胺类化合物,用红外、核磁及元素分析确定其结构,并探讨了~(31)Pδ值的规律性变化。初步生物试验表明,磷酰胺类化合物对水稻发芽具有明显的抑制作用,其中化合物Ⅱ1的活性大于对照药剂抗倒胺但低于多效唑。     

Pharmacokinetic evaluation of ceftiofur in serum, tissue chamber fluid and bronchial secretions from healthy beef-bred calves.

Ceftiofur is a new broad spectrum cephalosporin marketed for the treatment of acute bovine respiratory disease. In this investigation ceftiofur was administered by intramuscular injection, at 24 h intervals, to healthy beef-bred calves for four days at dosages of 2.2 and 4.4 mg/kg of body weight, with 4 wk intervals between dosing regimens. Serum, tissue chamber fluid (TCF), and bronchial secretion (BS) concentrations of ceftiofur were measured by microbiological assay after the first and fourth dose of each dosing regimen. Peak serum concentrations (Cmax) of 8.8 micrograms/mL and 17.3 micrograms/mL were obtained approximately 2 h (Tmax), the time of mean peak concentration) after single injections of 2.2 mg/kg and 4.4 mg/kg, respectively. The Cmax was increased approximately twofold following multiple doses of 2.2 mg/kg (Cmax = 13.1 micrograms/mL) and 4.4 mg/kg (Cmax = 24.1 micrograms/mL). Ceftiofur accumulated slowly into TCF and peak concentrations were found to be approximately 14% of those observed in serum after the first dose and approximately 24% after multiple dosing. Concentrations of ceftiofur in BS were obtained rapidly with peak concentrations reaching 45% of the serum Cmax after the first dose. After multiple dosing the Cmax for BS was approximately 25% of the serum Cmax. This study found that both the 2.2 mg/kg and 4.4 mg/kg dosing regimens resulted in continuous serum, TCF and BS concentrations of ceftiofur that exceeded the minimal concentration required to inhibit the bacteria most frequently isolated from calves with acute bovine respiratory disease.     

森林可燃物的燃烧性与化学组成

从五种针叶树叶(白皮云杉、红松、兴安落叶松、黑皮油松、樟子松)以及六种阔叶树叶(柳树、白桦、杨树、黄波罗、水曲柳、蒙古栎)的春季和秋季样品的水分、灰分(水溶性和水不溶性)、醚抽提物、含氮量、含磷量的分析得出:兴安落叶松和柳树的可燃性最小。这一结果与热重分析所得结果相符合。     

交换性阳离子对磷灰石中磷和钙释放的影响

研究了以Ｌｉ~＋、Ｎａ~＋、Ｋ~＋、ＮＨ~＋_４等一价阳离子取代磷灰石表面交换性二价阳离子对磷灰石中磷和钙释放的影响，并就可能涉及的机理进行了探讨．     

刈割对牧草贮藏碳水化合物含量变化的影响

１９９３年在内蒙古典型草原研究了７种主要牧草的再生性，以及刈割对牧草贮藏碳水化合物含量变化的影响。结果表明，７种牧草的再生性不同。刈割后１５ｄ内，不同牧草以及同一种牧草在不同生长阶段，贮藏碳水化合物含量动态不同。总糖含量主要有３种类型：（１）减少—增加—减少；（２）增加—减少—增加；（３）减少—增加—增加。还原糖含量变化有时与总糖一致，有时则相反。     

我国观赏植物软腐病病原细菌的研究

 从广东、福建、湖南、江西及浙江5省7市采集的14科33种观赏植物上分离到199株软腐欧文氏杆菌菌株,44项理化性状鉴定结果:126株为胡萝卜软腐欧文氏杆菌胡萝卜变种(Erwinia carotovora pv. carotovora简称Ecc)、7株为菊欧文氏杆菌(Erwinia chrysanthemi简称Ech)、66株介于Ecc和Ech之间的中间型(I、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、V)。Ecc和中间型菌株是我国观赏植物的主要病原细菌。在本文中首次报道了竹芋科(竹芋)、苋科(千日红)两科及一些植物种:芦荟、白穗花、玉簪、黄精、富贵竹、兜兰、砂仁及饿术草是软腐欧文氏杆菌的新的寄主植物。血清学研究表明,Eca、Ecc及Ech这三个种之间不发生交叉反应,但同一个种内是可以起反应的。另外,Ecc与中间型相互之间有沉淀反应,表明它们之间的亲缘关系较近。     

越桔对长白山区酸性土壤的适应性

在长白山区３种类型的酸性土壤上栽培越桔，研究结果表明，｀北空＇、｀美登＇、｀斯卫克＇在暗棕色森林土上生长结果较好，树体营养关系合理；在草甸沼泽土上３个种生长结果均较差，｀北空＇在水湿地潜育土上生长旺盛，但产量低，综合分析认为，矮丛越桔类型品种对我国长白山区酸性土壤条件的适应性较强，半高丛越桔则适应性差，针对长白山不同类型的土壤，以美登最为适宜暗棕色森林土栽培，斯卫克次之；水湿地潜育土可栽培美登品种