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The effect of lactic acid bacterial starter culture and chemical additives on wilted rice straw silage
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Yan‐Su Wang Wei Shi Lin‐Ting Huang Cheng‐Long Ding Chuan‐Chao Dai 《Animal Science Journal》2016,87(4):525-535
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are suitable for rice straw silage fermentation, but have been studied rarely, and rice straw as raw material for ensiling is difficult because of its disadvantages, such as low nutrition for microbial activities and low abundances of natural populations of LAB. So we investigated the effect of application of LAB and chemical additives on the fermentation quality and microbial community of wilted rice straw silage. Treatment with chemical additives increased the concentrations of crude protein (CP), water soluble carbohydrate (WSC), acetic acid and lactic acid, reduced the concentrations of acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF), but did not effectively inhibit the growth of spoilage organisms. Inoculation with LABs did not improve the nutritional value of the silage because of poor growth of LABs in wilted rice straw. Inoculation with LAB and addition of chemical materials improved the quality of silage similar to the effects of addition of chemical materials alone. Growth of aerobic and facultatively anaerobic bacteria was inhibited by this mixed treatment and the LAB gradually dominated the microbial community. In summary, the fermentation quality of wilted rice straw silage had improved by addition of LAB and chemical materials. 相似文献
109.
Estimation of the standardized ileal digestible lysine requirement for primiparous pregnant sows
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M. Shi C. X. Shi Y. K. Li D. F. Li F. L. Wang 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(2):287-293
This experiment was conducted to determine the optimal standardized ileal digestible lysine (SID Lys) level in diets fed to primiparous sows during gestation. A total of 150 (Landrace × Large White) crossbred gilts (weighing 149.9 ± 3.1 kg) were fed gestation diets (12.55 MJ of ME/kg) containing SID Lys levels of 0.43, 0.52, 0.60, 0.70 or 0.80% respectively. Gilts were fed 2.0 kg/day from day 1 to 80 and 3.0 kg/day from day 80 to 110 of gestation respectively. Gilts were allocated to treatments based on their body weight on the day of breeding. Weight gain from day 80 to 110 increased with increasing dietary SID Lys levels (p = 0.044). Fitted broken‐line (p = 0.031) and quadratic plot (p = 0.047) analysis of body weight gain indicated that the optimal SID Lys level for primiparous sows was 0.70 and 0.69% respectively. During gestation, neither backfat thickness nor loin eye area was affected by dietary SID Lys level. Increasing dietary Lys had no effect on the litter size at birth or pigs born alive per litter. Litter weight at birth was not affected by dietary SID Lys level. The litter weight variation at birth quadratically decreased with increasing dietary SID Lys (p = 0.021) and was minimized at 0.70% dietary SID Lys. Gilts fed the 0.70% SID Lys diet had the highest dry matter (p = 0.031) and protein (p = 0.044) content in colostrum. On day 110 of gestation, gilts fed the 0.70% SID Lys diet tended to have the highest serum prolactin (p = 0.085) and serum insulin (p = 0.074) levels. The data demonstrate that the optimal dietary SID Lys was 0.70% for pregnant gilts, which is similar to the recommendation of 0.69% that was estimated by the NRC (2012). 相似文献
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为了引进适合干旱绿洲区气候环境的茎用莴苣品种,寻求适合该地莴苣种植的最佳密度和栽培模式,于2015年在干旱绿洲区高台县绿色蔬菜产业园区进行了莴苣的品种适应性、适宜密度及栽培方式研究。结果表明:供试品种中W4("14-Q64")的综合表现优于其它品种,种植后75d适收,肉质茎长棒形,茎皮最薄,茎肉最厚,商品率最高,单株质量较对照增加了4.56%。同一种植模式,随着种植密度的增大,株高、茎长、茎粗和单株质量均减小;同一种植密度,起垄栽培的株高、茎长、茎粗和单株质量均大于平畦栽培。综合分析表明,"14-Q64"适合在河西干旱绿洲区推广种植,且当地莴苣种植以起垄栽培、播种密度以株行距35cm×30cm为最佳。 相似文献