药用植物淫羊藿克隆构型对异质性生境的响应

通过研究异质性生境中淫羊藿克隆构型,初步分析环境因子对淫羊藿克隆生长的影响及克隆构型可塑性对异质性生境的响应。结果表明:生境中相对光强、土壤含水量和土壤有机质含量对淫羊藿的克隆生长影响较大,土壤pH值对其影响较小。建立了淫羊藿克隆构型可塑性特征与环境因子的关系方程。淫羊藿以地下根茎为克隆器官进行克隆生长,在异质性生境中有着较强的克隆构型可塑性。保护淫羊藿地下根茎,以及生境中适当的光照、水分和养分有利于淫羊藿的克隆生长。     

Distribution of Potato virus Y in potato plant organs, tissues, and cells

The distribution of Potato virus Y (PVY) in the systemically infected potato (Solanum tuberosum) plants of the highly susceptible cultivar Igor was investigated. Virus presence and accumulation was analyzed in different plant organs and tissues using real-time polymerase chain reaction and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) negative staining methods. To get a complete insight into the location of viral RNA within the tissue, in situ hybridization was developed and optimized for the detection of PVY RNA at the cellular level. PVY was shown to accumulate in all studied leaf and stem tissues, in shoot tips, roots, and tubers; however, the level of virus accumulation was specific for each organ or tissue. The highest amounts of viral RNA and viral particles were found in symptomatic leaves and stem. By observing cell ultrastructure with TEM, viral cytoplasmic inclusion bodies were localized in close vicinity to the epidermis and in trichomes. Our results show that viral RNA, viral particles, and cytoplasmic inclusion bodies colocalize within the same type of cells or in close vicinity.     

黄龙山区不同类型小流域的产流过程及其特征

 在黄龙山区选择自然条件基本相似的森林小流域、森林采伐小流域和荒坡草灌小流域,利用量水堰,于1999—2003年对流域的产流及其过程进行了系统的研究。结果表明:不同类型小流域径流的年际和年内变化不同。森林小流域全年产流,产流量主要与降水量有关;荒坡草灌小流域则仅在暴雨季节产流,产流量主要与雨强有关。除发生特大暴雨年份外,森林小流域的产流量均超过荒坡草灌小流域,5年内平均前者比后者多3倍。不同类型小流域对降水的调节作用不同,5年平均森林小流域比荒坡草灌小流域减少洪水径流94.9%,达5.2mm,增加枯水期径流0.5mm,占年径流量的8.7%,从而使流域径流保持相对均匀和稳定。采伐森林可以改变小流域的径流分布,常年径流被暴雨径流所代替,但其量比荒坡草灌小流域少。不同类型小流域产流过程不同,森林小流域产流过程平缓,洪水起伏程度小;而荒坡草灌小流域产流曲线陡峭,洪峰形成迅速,回落也较快。     

水肥对高产无性系油茶果实产量的影响

以肥料氮(N)、磷(P)、钾(K)不同施用量和灌溉水量(H2O)为试验因子,采用二次通用旋转组合设计,研究了水肥对油茶鲜果产量的影响。结果表明,N、P、K和H2O的用量对油茶鲜果产量均存在显著的影响,且N与K、K与H2O对油茶鲜果产量存在显著的互作效应。试验因子间的交互作用使油茶鲜果产量明显提高,达到最大值时4个因子的编码值分别为:N为1.03、P为0.62、K为1.19、H2O为0.92,即全年每株油茶施有效养分N 181.8 g、P2O5 48.6 g、K2O 287.1 g,灌水29.2 kg,相当于每hm2施用N 795 kg、P2O5 80 kg、K2O 474 kg,灌水48 m3。采用该方案,油茶鲜果产量可达到最大为5 131 kg hm2。     

Anthropogenic Input of Selected Heavy Metals (Cu, Cr, Pb, Zn and Cd) in the Aquatic Sediments of Hochiminh City, Vietnam

The aquatic system of Hochiminh City comprises two main rivers: the Sai Gon and Nha Be rivers. Five canals discharge into these two rivers: NhieuLoc-ThiNghe, TauHu-BenNghe, TanHoa-LoGom, ThamLuong-BenCat and Doi-Te. The rivers and these canals collect effluent water from domestic and industrial sources. Most of these flows are not treated or at most are only primarily treated. A total of 33 sediment cores were taken from these rivers and canals. Chemical composition of these aquatic sediments has very high concentrations of several “urban” metals such as Cd, Cr, Cu and Zn. Most of the samples have exceeded the US EPA’s toxicity reference values for Cu, Zn and Cr (82, 82 and 70%, respectively). The highest concentrations of these metals appear to be associated with the uncontrolled and untreated industrial runoff to the discharge canals. These concentrations in fluvial sediment are relatively low, which indicates the dilution process of the contaminants. This finding indicates that the anthropogenic inputs play an important role in the elevation of heavy metals in the aquatic system and organic matter seems to exert a strong geochemical control on the amount of heavy metals. The Pearson correlation coefficients calculated for Cd, Cr, Cu and Zn, are 0.89; 0.72; 0.93 and 0.87, respectively.     

基于机器视觉和YOLOv4的破损鸡蛋在线检测研究

破损鸡蛋导致的漏液会污染自动化生产线和完好鸡蛋,不仅影响生产效率,还会干扰裂纹鸡蛋的检测.为实现破损鸡蛋快速、准确、低成本的识别,本文利用机器视觉技术,并结合深度学习网络深层次特征提取、高精度检测分类的特性,提出一种基于YOLOv4网络的破损鸡蛋检测方法.构建破损鸡蛋图像数据集,搭建YOLOv4深度学习网络,训练含有破...     

优质大白菜新品种——黔白1 号

 ‘黔白1 号’为中熟大白菜一代杂种, 生育期82 d 左右, 主要适于秋冬冷凉季节栽培。净菜产量为60 t/ hm², 具有优质、抗病、高产、适应性强等优良性状。     

卵孢白僵菌感染草地蛴螬的研究

从湖南南山牧场草地上自然罹病的蛴螬虫体上分离出一株卵孢白僵菌。在室内和野外人工草地进行蛴螬活虫感染试验，结果表明，在室内用卵孢白僵菌孢子液感染蛴螬活虫，30天内蛴螬感染率达64．6─92．1％；野外草地试验，用卵孢白僵菌制成菌剂拌少量细土撤于地表，20天内，蛴螬感染率为70％以上。     

质点在水平圆盘抛离后的运动分析

建立了考虑空气阻力 R_B 的影响时质点在水平圆盘抛离后的运动微分方程并求得其解。可作为某些农业机械工作部件性能设计的理论基础。     

油松毛虫优化管理决策的研究

在防治中,究竟采取那一种方案为最优方案,如何找出最优方案,并且应用这一最优方案可获取多大的效益,这是本文研究的目的。一、建模方法考虑到决策者的应用方便,我们在已求得动态经济阈值的基础上,通过最佳序贯决