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81.
Soil pH declined from 5.9 to 5.0 in 8 years beneath plantations of Eucalyptus saligna (Sm.) in Hawaii. In stands of Albizia falcataria, (L.) Fosberg, the soil pH change was more dramatic, declining from 5.9 to 4.6. We measured several components of soil acidity beneath four mixtures of the two tree species to gain insight on the processes responsible for the decline in soil pH. These components were studied using an empirical method of comparing acid quantity, degree of neutralization (depletion of base cations), and acid strength. The decline in soil pH differed between species as a result of differences in the degree of neutralization of the soil exchange complex; the larger decrease in soil pH under Albizia was produced by greater acidification of the exchange complex. Empirical titration curves suggested that differences in acid strength moderated the divergence in soil pH beneath the species. Had the acids accumulating in the soil under Albizia been as strong as those in the Eucalyptus soil, the difference in soil pH would have been greater. Though the two species had contrasting effects on soil pH, the differences in degree of neutralization, responsible for the pH decline, were small compared with differences in the amount of cations stored in tree biomass. Continued supply of nutrient cations (from weathering or fertilization) will ultimately control both the extent of soil pH decline and the level of productivity sustained by the forest. 相似文献
82.
杨芳 《干旱区资源与环境》1994,8(2):57-62
目前,湟水流域水量不足,水质污染,已成为该流域经济发展的制约因素。为此,防治湟水流域水污染,保护水资源,改善水环境,维护流域生态平衡,是我省经济和社会发展中的一项刻不容缓的紧迫任务。 相似文献
83.
Monoclonal antibodies to bovine viral diarrhea virus: cross-reactivities to field isolates and hog cholera virus strains. 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
Monoclonal antibodies to bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) were examined for binding with a large number of North American BVDV isolates and eight strains of the serologically related pestivirus, hog cholera virus (HCV). No single BVDV monoclonal antibody reacted with all BVDV isolates. The most cross-reactive monoclonal antibody was an anti-p80/p125 antibody which showed a positive reaction with 173 of 180 (96%) North American isolates. From a fewer number of isolates tested, one anti-gp53 monoclonal antibody also showed a high cross-reactivity (94%). All BVDV isolates showed a positive reaction with at least one of the seven monoclonal antibodies in the panel. Thus, the results indicated that a pool of these monoclonal antibodies may be used in place of polyclonal antisera for the detection of BVDV contamination of cell lines or for virus isolation. For HCV, all three anti-p80/p125 monoclonal antibodies reacted positively with all eight virus strains. In contrast, none of the anti-gp53 monoclonal antibodies were reactive to HCV strains. Thus, the anti-gp53 monoclonal antibodies may be useful for distinguishing between usually innocuous BVDV infections and the highly significant HCV infections in swine for foreign animal disease surveillance. 相似文献
84.
Comparative effects of mu and kappa opiate agonists on the cecocolic motility in the pony. 下载免费PDF全文
The electrical and mechanical activity of the large intestine and its response to administration of opiate mu and kappa agonists were assessed from electrodes and inductograph coils chronically implanted on the cecocolic segment in six ponies given a diet of hay and concentrates. Before the drugs were given, migrating complexes propagating from the cecum into the colon occurred at the rate of 1.5 to 16/hour. During this propulsive activity, the cecocolic sphincter opened and closed allowing the outflow of cecal contents and preventing the backflow of colic contents. Each pony was used as its own control and was given fentanyl (0.01 and 0.05 mg/kg of body weight, IV) and U50488H (0.1 and 0.5 mg/kg, IV) at weekly intervals. The mu agonist fentanyl elicited a marked phase of inhibition of the propulsive activity and a closure of the cecocolic sphincter that lasted one to two hours depending on the dose. The kappa agonist U50488H induced an inhibition of the short spiking activity, i.e. of the resting muscle tone. It did not disturb the occurrence of migrating complexes nor that of the openings of the cecocolic sphincter. These kappa compounds may be drugs of choice to alleviate visceral pain in colic stases without inducing delay of transit unlike mu compounds. 相似文献
85.
灌区节水改造对塔里木河流域治理的作用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
在对塔里木河“四源一干”及流域大型灌区存在主要问题分析的基础上,探讨了大型灌区建戌节水改造,对工业及城镇生活需水增长、灌溉及周边生态环境用水、流域综合治理和社会经济可持续发展的作用,深入阐明大型灌区续建配套与节水改造对区域水资源合理配置生态及环境发展的重大意义。 相似文献
86.
随着我国社会主义市场经济体制建设的逐步推进和市场经济的快速发展,种子经营管理也从体制到观念、方式等都发生着急剧的变革.财务管理作为种子经营管理的重要组成部分,其作用也越来越大. 相似文献
87.
双孢蘑菇覆土层有益微生物消长规律 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
将土样制备成稀释液,采用平板涂布培养法,分析双孢蘑菇覆土期、充分发菌期,原基形成期、采收前和采收后2d5个时期土样中几种有益微生物和消长规律。结果表明,原基表成前和采收后,采白色和采收后2d5下时期土样中几种有益微生物的消化规律。结果表明,原其开前和采收后,采白色孢杆菌(Bacillus)、固氮苗(Azotobacter)和假单胞杆菌(Pseudomonas)数量增加;链霉菌(Streptomyces)数量增减比较平缓,而土灰色芽孢杆菌的数量一直呈下降趋势。 相似文献
88.
89.
90.
葡萄二倍体与四倍体品种间杂交胚珠的离体培养 总被引:12,自引:2,他引:10
为了克服葡萄二倍体品种与四倍体品种之间的交配障碍,进行了杂交胚珠的离体培养研究。发芽胚珠的取样时期集中于授粉后35~75d,其中多数以二倍体作母本的组合在授粉后55d取样的发芽率最高,以四倍体作母本的组合授粉后70d取样的发芽率最高。基本培养模式为:发育培养基-(剥胚)萌发培养基-生长培养基。用二倍体品种作母本时,所有组合均获得了培养苗,在1号培养基上培养的胚珠发芽率高于2号培养基。反交对培养基的要求有相反趋势,其中2个组合未得到培养苗。授粉后60d,直接剥出杂种胚进行培养,得到了最高发芽率。综合分析初步认为,用二倍体品种作母本比用四倍体品种作母本容易获得杂交后代。 相似文献