Studies on mutlispecific resistance of gastrointestinal nematodes to benzimidazoles on dairy-goat farms

Multispecific resistance to benzimidazoles was studied in three selected farms. These farms had bred dairy goats for more than 15 years. The helminths were introduced with the goats at the establishment of the farms which afterwards remained isolated. Nematode resistance could then be related to their own management practices. Faecal egg count tests and egg hatch assays were performed to assess intensity of resistance. The generic (infective larvae in faecal cultures) and specific richness (adult worms) were assessed. The resistant species were Trichostrongylus colubriformis, Teladorsagia circumcincta, Haemonchus contortus and Oesophagostomum venulosum. Faecal egg count reduction tests and egg-hatch assays did not match exactly. Faecal larval counts after treatments gave a distorted picture of multispecific resistance: Haemonchus and Oesophagostomum were very largely over represented. The number of species found in the three farms was relatively low compared with other reports in goat farms of the area. This reduction of diversity might also be due in part to characteristics of breeding management and history (use of permanent pasture and introduction of goats at the establishment of farm).     

金属热防护系统多层隔热材料的传热分析及参数优化

采用能量平衡方程和离散坐标法近似地建立了金属热防护系统多层隔热材料的一维稳态传热的数学模型，并利用遗传算法和纤维隔热材料的有效导热系数试验数据求解传热反问题，从而得到了模型中的纤维隔热材料的辐射衰减系数、反照率和隔热屏表面辐射发射系数。最后，由实验测得了多层隔热材料的有效导热系数，验证了采用优化参数后，多层隔热材料的传热模型的正确性。     

胡萝卜黄色突变体的遗传及表现研究

 从胡萝卜‘新黑田五寸’品种的高世代自交系中发现了能稳定遗传的黄色突变体。遗传分析证明该黄色突变性状为单基因隐性遗传, 绿色对黄色为完全显性。黄色突变体叶片中叶绿素含量仅为正常株的29.3% ～50.1% , 且黄色不受温度光照等环境的影响。黄色突变体( yelyel) 地上部和地下部的生长量明显少于正常株系( YELYEL ) , 但在等位基因杂合时( YELyel) 与正常株系的生长量、产量和营养品质无显著差异。     

新的β-二氢沉香呋喃倍半萜多元酯和生物碱的HR-FABMS研究

利用高分辨快原子轰击质谱(HR-FABMS),以(甘油 氯化钠)为基质测定了9个新的β-二氢沉香呋喃倍半萜多酯和生物碱的HR-FABMS。结果表明,所有该类化合物均可以精确地获得[M Na] ,[M H] ,[M H-H2O] 等特征离子的质量和元素组成,从而方便地获得原有该类化合物的分子量和分子式。     

猪带绦虫六钩蚴cDNA文库的构建与筛选

在体外将猪带绦虫虫卵孵化为有活力的六钩蚴。采用商品化试剂盒抽提六钩蚴总 RNA、m RNA,反转录为双链c DNA,再加 Eco R Adapter。在去除小片段后 ,dsc DNA与 λgt11噬菌体 DNA连接 ,经蛋白包装 ,构建了猪带绦虫六钩蚴λgt11c DNA文库。该文库效价为 3.5× 10 9pfu/ m L ,重组 DNA片段大小为 0 .5～ 3.2 kb,平均为 1.6 kb,蓝白斑比 1∶ 9。用抗体探针对文库进行免疫学筛选 ,在消除非特异性反应的基础上筛选约 10 6 重组子 ,共得到 118株强阳性克隆 ;应用 PCR鉴定上述部分阳性克隆 ,均扩增到 0 .5 kb以上的片段。结果显示 ,构建的文库合格 ,含六钩蚴所有抗原基因 ,可用于六钩蚴 c DNA克隆的筛选 ;用免疫学与 PCR联合筛选 c DNA文库 ,可消除假阳性     

酮粉法检测泌乳牛尿酮乳酮的应用研究

荷斯坦泌乳牛尿、乳酮体的酮粉法定性试验表明：尿酮阳性率为29．25％，乳酮阳性率为10％。尿、乳阳性牛的血酮、血糖、乳酮、尿酮定量测定表明：酮粉法判定泌乳奶牛亚临床酮病，尿酮阳性反应具有早期、敏感、准确性低的特点。乳酮阳性反应具有准确、敏感性低、方便等特点。二者同时定性检测具有互补作用。     

Verification by polymerase chain reaction of vertical transmission of Theileria sergenti in cows

To evaluate the transplacental transfer of Theileria sergenti infection in cattle, we used DNA probes to detect T. sergenti in 6 pregnant cows and their calves. All the animals were monitored by parasitologic, serologic, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays for a predicted 875-base-pair (bp) DNA product and a 684-bp amplicon detected by nested PCR in the blood and spleens of aborted fetuses. An open reading frame (ORF) starting at nucleotide 170 and terminating at position 1021 was shown to code for a polypeptide of 283 amino acid residues. All 6 dams and 5 calves were positive for T. sergenti in all tests. One calf was positive only with nested PCR. We conclude that transplacental transmission of T. sergenti is a significant problem. The relevance of the data in the programmed introduction of new (especially pregnant) animals into established clean herds needs serious consideration with regard to control of theileriosis and other tickborne diseases.     

The use of a Giardia vaccine as an immunotherapeutic agent in dogs.

Dogs (n = 13), which had failed to be cured of giardiosis following chemotherapeutic measures, were treated with a Giardia vaccine (2-3 injections). Clinical signs resolved between 16 and 42 days postvaccination and cessation of fecal cyst shedding was between 21 and 70 days. Vaccination is a potential method of treating giardiosis in dogs.     

直列4缸内燃机双轴平衡系统设计

直列4缸平面布置曲轴内燃机存在不平衡的二阶往复惯性力,采用兰氏双轴平衡系统,可以平衡二阶往复惯性力,使内燃机的噪声和振动明显下降。