Genome-wide Association Study of Teats Number Traits in Kele Pigs

Teats number is one of the most important reproductive traits,and closely related to the economic benefit in pig industry.In order to reveal the underlying genetics of left teats number,right teats number and total teats number traits,a genome-wide association study（GWAS）was performed.Samples of DNA were collected to genotyping for 22 Kele pigs using the Illumina Porcine SNP 60K Chip.The GWAS was performed using a mixed-effects model and linear regression approach.When a genome-wide threshold was determined using the Bonferroni method（P<2.06E-5),4 single nucleotide polymorphism（SNP）markers were potentially associated with left teats number,right teats number and total teat number.However,3 SNPs were significant associated and 18 SNPs were potentially associated in chromosomes level.304 Ensembl genes were retrieved around 1 cM of the associated SNPs.The candidate genes in Wnt and Fgf signaling pathway（BTRC,FGF5,FGF8,BMP3,RASGEF1B and HMGB3）might have effect on target traits.These results provided valuable information about the selective breeding for Kele pigs.     

Study on Liver-protective Effect of Chinese Herbal Compound Probiotics on Acute Liver Injury Layers

This experiment was conducted to investigate the liver-protective effect of Chinese herbal compound probiotics (CHCP) on acute liver injury layers.One hundred and eight 1 day old hens were divided into 4 groups with 3 replicates in each group and 9 layers per replicate in trial 1.The layers in model groups Ⅰ to Ⅲ were gavaged with 10% (V/V) soybean oil solution of carbon tetrachloride (SCCl₄) according to 1,2 and 4 mL/(kg·BW) at 14,28 and 35 d,respectively.The layers in control group were gavaged with 2 mL/(kg·BW) soybean oil.In trial 2,sixty 1 d layers were divided into 5 groups:Control group (soybean oil),model control group(SCCl₄)and low-dose,middle-dose and high-dose CHCP group (SCCl₄+1‰ CHCP,SCCl₄+2‰ CHCP and SCCl₄+4‰ CHCP respectively).CHCP were used by drinking water since 7 days.SCCl₄ were gavaged according to 2 mL/(kg·BW) at 14 and 28 d.The results showed as follows:The model of layers liver damage could be built by intragastric administration of 2 mL/(kg·BW) 10%(V/V) SCCl₄ at 14,28 d respectively,with the signs of hepatic steatosis,severe vacuolar degeneration,nuclear condensation and necrosis.Compared to the model control group,the serum AST levels in low,medium and high dose CHCP groups were decreased by 4.35% (P > 0.05),7.57% (P > 0.05) and 9.79% (P < 0.05),the serum ALT levels in medium and high dose CHCP groups were decreased by 34.92% (P < 0.01),36.51% (P < 0.01),the serum total bilirubin content in medium and high dose CHCP groups were decreased by 25.49% (P < 0.01),27.45% (P < 0.01).The liver cell congestion was reduced to varying degrees in different dose CHCP groups,and the liver cell had no vacuoles,arranged in neat rows,abundant cytoplasm and uniform in different dose CHCP groups.In conclusion,2‰,4‰ CHCP could reduce hepatocyte necrosis,decrease the serum activities of ALT,AST and total bilirubin levels,and had protective effect on hepatic injury induced by SCCl₄.     

北京市森林碳储量及其动态变化

利用全国森林资源清查资料,依据建立的不同森林类型生物量和蓄积量之间的回归方程,估算了北京市不同时段的森林生物量和碳储量,并分析其动态变化特点。结果表明:北京市森林碳储量由1988年的532万t增加到2003年的852万t,平均每年以4.00%的速率递增,这说明北京市森林起着碳汇作用。全市森林总碳储量中,阔叶林碳储量的贡献最大,其中,栎类、杨树占主导地位;全市森林碳储量中幼、中龄林所占比重大,而且不同森林类型及不同龄级的碳密度均呈减少趋势。因此,在实施各重点造林工程的同时加强对现有森林的抚育和管理,将会使北京市森林碳汇能力进一步提高。     

高校数字图书馆有效服务模式研究

在分析高校数字图书馆有效服务模式、主要特征的基础上,构建了一个以用户为中心的高校数字图书馆这一信息服务模式,并探讨了实现这一有效服务模式的途径与策略。

     

Mycoplasma leachii causes bovine mastitis: Evidence from clinical symptoms,histopathology and immunohistochemistry

Twelve quarters of six lactating cows were inoculated with Mycoplasma leachii strain GN407 through intramammary ductal infusion; another 12 quarters were inoculated with heat-inactivated M. leachii culture medium as negative controls. Multidisciplinary procedures, including clinical assessment, etiology assessment, pathology and immunohistochemistry (IHC), were used to elucidate the pathogenicity of M. leachii in bovine mastitis. From post-inoculation days (PIDs) 3 to 9, 12 inoculated quarters developed mild to severe clinical mastitis and mammary tissue histopathological changes, including inflammatory cell infiltration and architectural destruction of mammary gland ducts. The M. leachii antigen was also detected by IHC in the mammary gland epithelial cells of the inoculated quarters as a weak signal on PID 6 and as a strong signal on PID 9. The control quarters also developed mild mastitis and histopathological changes on PID 9, and M. leachii was also detected by IHC. Throughout the experimental period, the quarters of the negative control cow were clinically and pathologically normal, and the M. leachii antigen was not detected. In conclusion, direct histological and immunohistochemical evidence confirmed that M. leachii causes clinical bovine mastitis through histopathological lesions induced by invasion of the pathogen into mammary gland cells and through inflammatory cell infiltration.     

双（三环己基锡）四氯邻苯二甲酸酯的合成、表征和晶体结构的测定

合成了双（三环己基锡）邻苯二甲酸酯Cl4C6（CO2Sn（C6H11）3）2,利用元素分析仪和IR表征了其结构。通过X-射线单晶衍射仪,测定了该配合物的晶体结构。该化合物晶体属单斜晶系,空间群P-1,a=14．5522（13）,b=13．3651（12）,c=34．006（3）（^°A）,β=97．8990（10）°,Z=4,V=6551．2（10）nm^3,R=0．0603,Rw=0．1287,S=1．185。该分子是通过苯环桥联的双核有机锡化合物,分子中的两个锡原子均为畸变的四面体构型。     

小麦条锈病气象等级预测方法研究(英文)

[Objective] The aim of this study is to establish the model for forecasting wheat stripe rust occurrence condition using meteorological factors. [Method] Based on the data of wheat stripe rust occurrence degrees in its past prevalent years and the meteorological data at corresponding periods, the methods of grey correlation analysis and fuzzy mathematics were employed to establish the forecast model for four pathogenesis indices according to the time sequence before winter, Early March, Early April and Middle May. Thus, the criterion for forecasting the occurrence degree of wheat stripe rust was obtained based on the distribution method of arithmetic progression. [Result] The model corresponding to meteorological conditions for forecasting wheat stripe rust was successfully established. According to the verification, the forecasting results before winter and in Early Mar. were more severer than the real occurrence condition, while the forecasting results in Early Apr. and Middle May were basically consistent with real values. [Conclusion] The results of the present study may avail the control of wheat stripe rust in Henan Province.     

昭苏马场不同草地类型土壤养分特征研究

分别对昭苏马场的不同草地类型做了土壤养分测定,结果表明:亚高山草甸的土壤有机质含量最高,冲积平原草甸的土壤有机质含量最低;土壤全氮含量表现为中山山地草甸最高,低山丘陵草原最低;而土壤全钾含量正好相反,低山丘陵草原的土壤全钾含量最高,中山山地草甸最低.亚高山草甸草地土壤全磷、速效氮的含量较丰富,其他各草地类型间土壤全磷分布较均匀;山前冲积平原草甸的土壤速效氮含量最低,各草地类型之间土壤速效磷的含量变化也不大,而且速效磷在各层中分布的比较均匀.中山山地草甸的土壤速效钾含量最高,亚高山草甸的最低.各草地类型土壤养分随土层深度增加,有逐渐下降的趋势.土壤有机质、全磷、速效氮含量差异均不显著(P>0.05),土壤全钾和0～10 cm速效钾含量差异极显著(P<0.01).     

大豆降压肽的生产工艺研究

应用4种蛋白酶酶解大豆分离蛋白,研究其水解效果和降压活性。实验选定碱性蛋白酶为生产大豆降压肽的最适酶,并对其酶解条件进行了优化,确定生产大豆降压肽的最佳条件为：温度60℃,pH8.0,底物浓度4%,碱性蛋白酶浓度4%,水解度14.4%,优化后的ACE抑制率可达到84.1%。