木材表面缺陷的激光在线检测技术

本文介绍了采用激光位移传感器对刨削加工后的木材表面的裂纹及节子缺陷进行在线检测的方法。测试原理是利用激光位移传感器扫描木材表面，提供特征信号，由傅里叶分析仪FFT记录时间信号的波形，计算机进行数据处理和分析判断，这不仅可以快速识别裂纹及节子等缺陷，并从记录波形上即可计算出裂纹的宽度和深度。     

Physiological responses of young cross‐bred calves immediately after long‐haul road transportation and after one week of habituation

We investigated 10 suckling cross‐bred calves (Japanese Black (Wagyu) × Holstein) and collected data on the physiological stress responses of the young calves to long‐haul road transportation. All calves were male and 21–47 days of age. The calves were obtained at a livestock market and were transported from the market to the university in a commercial livestock vehicle. The total haul distance and time were 306.9 km and 7 h, respectively. The calves were deprived of food and water during transportation. Blood samples, electrocardiograms, and rectal temperatures were collected immediately after transportation and after one week of habituation at the university. Serum pH was significantly lower (P < 0.01), while serum triiodothyronine, aspartate aminotransferase, non‐esterified fatty acids (all P < 0.05), and heart rate (P < 0.01) were significantly higher immediately after transportation. The concentrations of blood lactic acid (P = 0.08) and serum alanine aminotransferase (P = 0.06) tended to be higher after transportation. These physiological responses suggest that the stress caused by long‐haul transportation causes significant effects on liver function in young calves.     

Inhibitory effect of enokitake extract on melanosis of shrimp

ABSTRACT:  The inhibitory effect of 70% acetone extract of enokitakemushroom Flammulina velutipes on the mealnosis of shrimp Trachypenaeuscurvirostris was investigated. The acetone extract effectivelyprevented the mushroom tyrosinase activity as well as melanosisof American crayfish Procambarus clarkii hemolymph. Wheneach of two fractions of the acetone extract, which were unadsorbedon both of Dowex 50W X8 and/or DEAE-TOYOPERAL 650 columns,was mixed with hemolymph of the American crayfish, the melanosisthat usually occurs in the heparinized hemolymph was effectivelyprevented. Immersing shrimp in the acetone extract of enokitakemushroom delayed the color darkening usually found in the post-mortemshrimp. These observations suggested that enokitake mushroom containedcertain compounds that inhibit the formation of melanin due to thecatalytic oxidation of polyphenol oxidase, as well as mushroom tyrosinaseactivity.